Java中使用dom解析xml格式数据

1. 下载dom4j.jar对应的版本并导入到项目中
2. xml格式数据模型：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <books>
  <book bookno="1">
    <title>book01</title>
    <author>fsr</author>
    <price>20.0</price>
  </book>
  <book bookno="2">
    <title>book11</title>
    <author>fsr</author>
    <price>30.0</price>
  </book>
  <book bookno="3">
    <title>book21</title>
    <author>fsr</author>
    <price>40.0</price>
  </book>
</books>

3. 拼装xml格式数据字符串并以xml类型文件保存到磁盘中

package xml_dom;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.List;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
import xml_sax.Book;
/*
功能：根据对象集合拼装xml格式字符串，然后输出为xml文件保存到磁盘
String 最大长度65536个字节，除去null占用了2个字节，剩65534个字节，如果字符串中存在中文(一个中文占3个字节：UTF-8)，那么字符数量将更少
*/
public class XmlStringToXmlFile {
static Document builderXmlStr(List<Book> bList) throws Exception
{//根据对象集合来创建XML格式的字符串，并构建为Document对象返回
 //StringBuffer strbuf=new StringBuffer();
 StringBuilder xmlStr=new StringBuilder();
 if(bList!=null&&bList.size()>0)
 {
  xmlStr.append("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>");
  xmlStr.append("<books>");
  for(int i=0;i<bList.size();i++)
  {//根据书的集合对象，循环拼装书这个节点
   Book b=bList.get(i);
   xmlStr.append("<book bookno=\"").append(b.getBookNo()).append("\">");
    xmlStr.append("<title>").append(b.getTitle()).append("</title>");
    xmlStr.append("<author>").append(b.getAuthor()).append("</author>");
    xmlStr.append("<price>").append(b.getPrice()).append("</price>");
   xmlStr.append("</book>");
  }
  xmlStr.append("</books>");
 }
  Document doc=DocumentHelper.parseText(xmlStr.toString());
  return doc;
}
public static void outputXmlFile(Document doc,String filename)
{//将Document对象对应的xml格式数据输出到xml文件中保存起来
 OutputFormat format=OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
 format.setEncoding("UTF-8");
 XMLWriter writer;
 try {
  writer=new XMLWriter(new FileWriter(new File(filename)),format);
  writer.write(doc);
  writer.close();
 } catch (IOException e) {
  // TODO Auto-generated catch block
  e.printStackTrace();
 }
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
 List<Book> bookList=new ArrayList<Book>();
 for(int i=0;i<5;i++)
 {
  bookList.add(new Book(String.valueOf(i+1),"book"+i+1,"fsr",i*10+20));
 }
 Document doc=builderXmlStr(bookList);
 long time=Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis();//当前时间戳
 String filename="e:\\"+String.valueOf(time)+".xml";
 outputXmlFile(doc,filename);
}
}

4、读取xml格式文件并解析各节点的数据

package xml_dom;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import xml_sax.Book;
import xml_sax.XmlParse;
public class DomXmlParser implements XmlParse {
 @Override
 public List<Book> parseXml(String fileName) {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub 
  List<Book> list=new ArrayList<Book>();
  DocumentBuilderFactory factory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
  Document doc=null;
  try {
   DocumentBuilder builder=factory.newDocumentBuilder();
   doc=builder.parse(new File(fileName));
  } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {e.printStackTrace();
  } catch (SAXException e) {  e.printStackTrace();
  } catch (IOException e)  {  e.printStackTrace();
  }
  //获得根元素<books>
  Node rootNode=doc.getDocumentElement();
  //获取<book>元素列表
  NodeList bookElementList=rootNode.getChildNodes();
  for(int i=0;i<bookElementList.getLength();i++)
  {
   Node bookElement=bookElementList.item(i);
   if(bookElement.getNodeName().equals("book"))
   {
    //获取<book>元素属性列表，从其中获取bookno属性
    Book book =new Book();
    NamedNodeMap map=bookElement.getAttributes();
    Node booknoNode=map.getNamedItem("bookno");
    book.setBookNo(booknoNode.getNodeValue());
    //获取子节点列表,循环获取子节点数据
    NodeList subBookElementList=bookElement.getChildNodes();
       for(int j=0;j<subBookElementList.getLength();j++)
       {
        Node subElementNode=subBookElementList.item(j);
        String nodeName=subElementNode.getNodeName();
        if(nodeName.equals("title"))
        {
         book.setTitle(subElementNode.getTextContent().trim());
        }
        else if(nodeName.equals("author"))
        {
         book.setAuthor(subElementNode.getTextContent().trim());
        }
        else if(nodeName.equals("price"))
        {
         book.setPrice(Double.parseDouble(subElementNode.getTextContent().trim()));
        }
       }
       list.add(book);    
   }
  }
  return list;
 }
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  XmlParse p=new DomXmlParser();
  String filename="e:\\1575355124731.xml";
  //String filename="src/xml/books.xml";
  List<Book> list=p.parseXml(filename);
  System.out.println("DOM解析结果");
  for(Book book:list)
  {
   System.out.println(book.toString());
  } 
 }
}