JAVA类与对象的初始化

请看一个例子：

<span style="font-family:Times New Roman;">public class Test2
{
	public static void main(String[] args) 
	{
	     SuperInitField p = new SuperInitField();  
	     SuperInitField c = new SubInitField();  
	}
}
 
class SuperInitField 
{  
    public SuperInitField() 
    {  
        System.out.println("parent");  
    }  
    static 
    {  
        System.out.println("static parent");  
    }  
 
}  
 
class SubInitField extends SuperInitField 
{  
    public SubInitField() 
    {  
        System.out.println("child");  
    }  
    static 
    {  
        System.out.println("static child");  
    }  
} </span>

该例子的结果为
static parent
parent
static child
parent
child

搁开原因(请参考链接http://developer.51cto.com/art/201205/337932.htm)，解释如下：

首先实例化一个父类对象。这里会先执行父类的static初始块，接着调用父类的构造函数。

<span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"> SuperInitField p = new SuperInitField(); </span>

然后实例化一个子类对象，并赋给父类引用。因为父类的static块只会执行一次，所以先执行子类的static初始块，然后调用父类的构造函数，再调用子类的构造函数。

<span style="font-family:Times New Roman;">SuperInitField c = new SubInitField();  </span>

初始化的顺序为：父类static块和static属性>子类static块和static属性>父类初始化块和非static属性>父类构造函数>子类初始化块和非static属性>子类构造函数。

习题一，请写出运行的结果。

<span style="font-family:Times New Roman;">class A
{
	private int i = 9;
	protected static int j = 1;
	
	static
	{
		System.out.println("--Load First SuperClass of static block Start--");
		System.out.println("j = " + j);
		System.out.println("--Load First SuperClass of static block End--");
	}
	
	public A()
	{
		System.out.println("--Load SuperClass of constructor start--");
		System.out.println("First print j = " + j);
		j = 10;
		m();
		System.out.println("k = " + k);
		System.out.println("Second print j = " + j);
		System.out.println("--Load SuperClass of constructor end--");
	}
	
	private static int k = getInt();
	
	public static int getInt()
	{
		System.out.println("--Load SuperClass.getInt()--");
		return 11;
	}
	
	static
	{
		System.out.println("--Load Second SuperClass of static block Start--");
		System.out.println("j = " + j);
		System.out.println("k = " + k);
		System.out.println("--Load Second SuperClass of static block End--");
	}
	
	public void m()
	{
		System.out.println("SuperClass.m(): " + "j = " + j);
	}
}

class B extends A
{
	private int a = 10;
	
	static
	{
		System.out.println("--Load SubClass of static block start--");
		System.out.println("--Load SubClass of static block end--");
	}
	
	public B()
	{
		System.out.println("--Load SubClass of constructor start--");
		m();
		System.out.println("--Load SubClass of constructor end--");
	}
	
	public void m()
	{
		System.out.println("SubClass.m(), " + "a = " + a);
	}
}

public class Test1 
{
	public static void main(String[] args) 
	{
		System.out.println("--Main Start--");
		A  a = new A();
	}
}</span>

习题二，请写出结果。

<span style="font-family:Times New Roman;">public class Test 
{
	private static Test t1 = new Test();
	private static int i1;
	private static int i2 = getInt();
	
	public Test()
	{
		i1++;
		i2++;
		System.out.println("***************");
	}
	
	public static int getInt()
	{
		System.out.println("i1 = " + i1);
		System.out.println("i2 = " + i2);
		return 11;
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) 
	{
		Test t2 = new Test();
		System.out.println("t2.i1 = " + t2.i1);
		System.out.println("t2.i2 = " + t2.i2);
	}

}</span>

习题三，请写出结果。

<span style="font-family:Times New Roman;">class Parent 
{
	 // 静态变量
	 public static String p_StaticField = "父类--静态变量";
	 // 变量
	 public String p_Field = "父类--变量";
	 protected int i = 9;
	 protected int j = 0;
	 // 静态初始化块
	 static 
	 {
		 System.out.println(p_StaticField);
		 System.out.println("父类--静态初始化块");
	 }
	 // 初始化块
	 {
		 System.out.println(p_Field);
		 System.out.println("父类--初始化块");
	 }
	// 构造器
	 public Parent() 
	 {
		 System.out.println("父类--构造器");
		 System.out.println("i=" + i + ", j=" + j);
		 j = 20;
	 }
}

public class SubClass extends Parent
{
	// 静态变量
	public static String s_StaticField = "子类--静态变量";
	// 变量
	public String s_Field = "子类--变量";
	// 静态初始化块
	static
	{
		System.out.println(s_StaticField);
		System.out.println("子类--静态初始化块");
	}
	// 初始化块
	{
		System.out.println(s_Field);
		System.out.println("子类--初始化块");
	}
	// 构造器
	public SubClass() 
	{
		System.out.println("子类--构造器");
		System.out.println("i=" + i + ",j=" + j);
	}
	// 程序入口
	public static void main(String[] args) 
	{
		  System.out.println("子类main方法");
		  new SubClass();
		  new SubClass();
	}
}</span>