数据库中查找某值所在的表、字段（Oracle、SqlServer）

1. 基本思路

不管什么数据库，基本思路都相同。
首先通过一些记录数据表、列等基本信息的系统表查找出所有的表名、列名。
然后遍历所有这些表和列，拼接类似select * from 表名 where 列名 like @要查找值的形式去查找。

2. Oracle中查找某值所在的表、字段

DECLARE  
CURSOR cur_query IS  
  SELECT table_name, column_name, data_type FROM user_tab_columns;  
  a NUMBER;  
  sql_hard VARCHAR2(2000);  
  vv NUMBER;  
BEGIN  
  DBMS_OUTPUT.ENABLE(buffer_size => null);
  FOR rec1 IN cur_query LOOP  
  a:=0;  
  IF rec1.data_type ='VARCHAR2' THEN  
  a := 1;  
  END IF;  
  IF a>0 THEN  
  sql_hard := '';  
  sql_hard := 'SELECT COUNT(*) FROM  '|| rec1.table_name ||' WHERE '  ||rec1.column_name  || '=''管理员''';
  dbms_output.put_line(sql_hard);   
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE sql_hard INTO vv;  
  IF vv > 0 THEN  
   dbms_output.put_line('[字段值所在的表.字段]:['||rec1.table_name||'].['||rec1.column_name||']');  
  END IF;   
  END IF;  
  END LOOP;  
END;   

直接在PL/SQL的sql窗口中执行，在输出中即可看到查找结果

DECLARE  
CURSOR cur_query IS   
  SELECT table_name, column_name, data_type FROM user_tab_columns;   
  a NUMBER;   
  sql_hard VARCHAR2(2000);   
  vv NUMBER;  
BEGIN   
  DBMS_OUTPUT.ENABLE(buffer_size => null);
  FOR rec1 IN cur_query LOOP  
  a:=0;   
  IF rec1.data_type ='VARCHAR2' OR rec1.data_type='CHAR' THEN   
  a := 1;   
  END IF;   
  IF a>0 THEN   
  sql_hard := '';   
  sql_hard := 'SELECT count(*) FROM '|| rec1.table_name ||' where '   
  ||rec1.column_name|| ' like''管理员''';
  dbms_output.put_line(sql_hard);   
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE sql_hard INTO vv;  
  IF vv > 0 THEN dbms_output.put_line('[字段值所在的表.字段]:['||rec1.table_name||'].['||rec1.column_name||']');   
  END IF;  
  END IF;  
  END LOOP;  
END; 

3. SqlServer中查找某值所在的表、字段

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[SP_FindValueInDB]
(
    @value VARCHAR(1024)
) 
AS
BEGIN
    SET NOCOUNT ON;
    DECLARE @sql VARCHAR(1024) 
    DECLARE @table VARCHAR(64) 
    DECLARE @column VARCHAR(64) 
    CREATE TABLE #t ( 
        tablename VARCHAR(64), 
        columnname VARCHAR(64) 
    ) 
    DECLARE TABLES CURSOR FOR 
    SELECT o.name, c.name FROM syscolumns c 
    INNER JOIN sysobjects o ON c.id = o.id 
    WHERE o.type = 'U' AND c.xtype IN (167, 175, 231, 239) 
    ORDER BY o.name, c.name 
    OPEN TABLES 
        FETCH NEXT FROM TABLES 
        INTO @table, @column 
        WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0 
        BEGIN 
            SET @sql = 'IF EXISTS(SELECT NULL FROM [' + @table + '] ' 
            SET @sql = @sql + 'WHERE RTRIM(LTRIM([' + @column + '])) LIKE ''%' + @value + '%'') ' 
            SET @sql = @sql + 'INSERT INTO #t VALUES (''' + @table + ''', ''' 
            SET @sql = @sql + @column + ''')' 
            EXEC(@sql) 
            FETCH NEXT FROM TABLES 
            INTO @table, @column 
        END 
    CLOSE TABLES 
    DEALLOCATE TABLES 
    SELECT * FROM #t 
    DROP TABLE #t 
End

使用方法：

exec [SP_FindValueInDB]  '测试'