使用
sync.Once 保证在多goroutine情况下,只执行一次
下面函数,abc只会执行一次
func main() {
once := sync.Once{}
wg := sync.WaitGroup{}
wg.Add(10)
for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
go func() {
once.Do(func() {
fmt.Println("abc")
})
wg.Done()
}()
}
wg.Wait()
}
原理
Once包含两个元素
done表示方法是否被执行
m用于执行方法时的加锁,防止并发
// Once is an object that will perform exactly one action.
//
// A Once must not be copied after first use.
type Once struct {
// done indicates whether the action has been performed.
// It is first in the struct because it is used in the hot path.
// The hot path is inlined at every call site.
// Placing done first allows more compact instructions on some architectures (amd64/386),
// and fewer instructions (to calculate offset) on other architectures.
done uint32
m Mutex
}
do方法:
先判断done是否为0,0表示方法未被执行
func (o *Once) Do(f func()) {
if atomic.LoadUint32(&o.done) == 0 {
// Outlined slow-path to allow inlining of the fast-path.
o.doSlow(f)
}
}
doSlow方法:
先去获取锁,然后二次判断done是否为0,如果为0,则执行方法,然后将done置为1
func (o *Once) doSlow(f func()) {
o.m.Lock()
defer o.m.Unlock()
if o.done == 0 {
defer atomic.StoreUint32(&o.done, 1)
f()
}
}