表名和字段
–1.学生表
Student(s_id,s_name,s_birth,s_sex) –学生编号,学生姓名, 出生年月,学生性别
–2.课程表
Course(c_id,c_name,t_id) – –课程编号, 课程名称, 教师编号
–3.教师表
Teacher(t_id,t_name) –教师编号,教师姓名
–4.成绩表
Score(s_id,c_id,s_score) –学生编号,课程编号,分数
测试数据
--建表
--学生表
CREATE TABLE `Student`(
`s_id` VARCHAR(20),
`s_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`s_birth` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`s_sex` VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
PRIMARY KEY(`s_id`)
);
--课程表
CREATE TABLE `Course`(
`c_id` VARCHAR(20),
`c_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`t_id` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(`c_id`)
);
--教师表
CREATE TABLE `Teacher`(
`t_id` VARCHAR(20),
`t_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
PRIMARY KEY(`t_id`)
);
--成绩表
CREATE TABLE `Score`(
`s_id` VARCHAR(20),
`c_id` VARCHAR(20),
`s_score` INT(3),
PRIMARY KEY(`s_id`,`c_id`)
);
--插入学生表测试数据
insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男');
insert into Student values('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男');
insert into Student values('03' , '孙风' , '1990-05-20' , '男');
insert into Student values('04' , '李云' , '1990-08-06' , '男');
insert into Student values('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-03-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-07-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('08' , '王菊' , '1990-01-20' , '女');
--课程表测试数据
insert into Course values('01' , '语文' , '02');
insert into Course values('02' , '数学' , '01');
insert into Course values('03' , '英语' , '03');
--教师表测试数据
insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三');
insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四');
insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五');
--成绩表测试数据
insert into Score values('01' , '01' , 80);
insert into Score values('01' , '02' , 90);
insert into Score values('01' , '03' , 99);
insert into Score values('02' , '01' , 70);
insert into Score values('02' , '02' , 60);
insert into Score values('02' , '03' , 80);
insert into Score values('03' , '01' , 80);
insert into Score values('03' , '02' , 80);
insert into Score values('03' , '03' , 80);
insert into Score values('04' , '01' , 50);
insert into Score values('04' , '02' , 30);
insert into Score values('04' , '03' , 20);
insert into Score values('05' , '01' , 76);
insert into Score values('05' , '02' , 87);
insert into Score values('06' , '01' , 31);
insert into Score values('06' , '03' , 34);
insert into Score values('07' , '02' , 89);
insert into Score values('07' , '03' , 98);
-- 【1、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数】
SELECT a.* ,b.s_score AS 01_score,c.s_score AS 02_score FROM student a
JOIN score b ON a.s_id=b.s_id AND b.c_id='01'
LEFT JOIN score c ON a.s_id=c.s_id AND c.c_id='02' OR c.c_id = NULL WHERE b.s_score>c.s_score;
-- 【2、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩低的学生的信息及课程分数】
SELECT a.* ,b.s_score AS 01_score,c.s_score AS 02_score FROM
student a LEFT JOIN score b ON a.s_id=b.s_id AND b.c_id='01' OR b.c_id=NULL
JOIN score c ON a.s_id=c.s_id AND c.c_id='02' WHERE b.s_score<c.s_score;
-- 【3、查询平均成绩大于等于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩】
SELECT b.s_id,b.s_name,ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2) AS avg_score FROM student b
JOIN score a ON b.s_id = a.s_id
GROUP BY b.s_id,b.s_name HAVING ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2)>=60;
-- 【4、查询平均成绩小于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩(包括有成绩的和无成绩的)】
SELECT b.s_id,b.s_name,ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2) AS avg_score FROM student b
LEFT JOIN score a ON b.s_id = a.s_id
GROUP BY b.s_id,b.s_name HAVING ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2)<60
UNION
SELECT a.s_id,a.s_name,0 AS avg_score FROM student a
WHERE a.s_id NOT IN (SELECT DISTINCT s_id FROM score);
-- 【5、查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩】
SELECT a.s_id,a.s_name,COUNT(b.c_id) AS sum_course,SUM(b.s_score) AS sum_score FROM
student a LEFT JOIN score b ON a.s_id=b.s_id GROUP BY a.s_id,a.s_name;
-- 【6、查询"李"姓老师的数量 】
SELECT COUNT(t_id) FROM teacher WHERE t_name LIKE '李%';
-- 【7、查询学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息】
SELECT a.* FROM student a
JOIN score b ON a.s_id=b.s_id WHERE b.c_id IN(
SELECT c_id FROM course WHERE t_id =(
SELECT t_id FROM teacher WHERE t_name = '张三'));
-- 【8、查询没学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息 】
SELECT * FROM student c
WHERE c.s_id NOT IN(
SELECT a.s_id FROM student a JOIN score b ON a.s_id=b.s_id WHERE b.c_id IN(
SELECT c_id FROM course WHERE t_id =(
SELECT t_id FROM teacher WHERE t_name = '张三')));
-- 【9、查询学过编号为"01"并且也学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息】
SELECT a.* FROM student a,score b,score c
WHERE a.s_id = b.s_id AND a.s_id = c.s_id AND b.c_id='01' AND c.c_id='02';
-- 【10、查询学过编号为"01"但是没有学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息】
SELECT a.* FROM student a
WHERE a.s_id IN (SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE c_id='01' ) AND a.s_id NOT IN(SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE c_id='02');
-- 【11、查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息 】
SELECT s.* FROM student s WHERE s.s_id IN(
SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE s_id NOT IN(SELECT a.s_id FROM score a
JOIN score b ON a.s_id = b.s_id AND b.c_id='02'
JOIN score c ON a.s_id = c.s_id AND c.c_id='03' WHERE a.c_id='01'));
-- 【12、查询至少有一门课与学号为"01"的同学所学相同的同学的信息】
SELECT * FROM student WHERE s_id IN(
SELECT DISTINCT a.s_id FROM score a WHERE a.c_id IN(SELECT a.c_id FROM score a WHERE a.s_id='01'));
-- 【13、查询和"01"号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学的信息】
SELECT a.* FROM student a WHERE a.s_id IN(
SELECT DISTINCT s_id FROM score WHERE s_id!='01' AND c_id IN(SELECT c_id FROM score WHERE s_id='01') GROUP BY s_id HAVING COUNT(1)=(SELECT COUNT(1) FROM score WHERE s_id='01'));
-- 【14、查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名】
SELECT a.s_name FROM student a WHERE a.s_id NOT IN (
SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE c_id =
(SELECT c_id FROM course WHERE t_id =(
SELECT t_id FROM teacher WHERE t_name = '张三')) GROUP BY s_id);
-- 【15、查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号,姓名及其平均成绩】
SELECT a.s_id,a.s_name,ROUND(AVG(b.s_score)) FROM student a
LEFT JOIN score b ON a.s_id = b.s_id
WHERE a.s_id IN(
SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE s_score<60 GROUP BY s_id HAVING COUNT(1)>=2)
GROUP BY a.s_id,a.s_name;
-- 【16、检索"01"课程分数小于60,按分数降序排列的学生信息】
SELECT a.*,b.c_id,b.s_score FROM student a,score b
WHERE a.s_id = b.s_id AND b.c_id='01' AND b.s_score<60 ORDER BY b.s_score DESC;
-- 【17、按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩】
SELECT a.s_id,(SELECT s_score FROM score WHERE s_id=a.s_id AND c_id='01') AS 语文,
(SELECT s_score FROM score WHERE s_id=a.s_id AND c_id='02') AS 数学,
(SELECT s_score FROM score WHERE s_id=a.s_id AND c_id='03') AS 英语,
ROUND(AVG(s_score),2) AS 平均分 FROM score a GROUP BY a.s_id ORDER BY 平均分 DESC;
-- 【18.查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分:以如下形式显示:课程ID,课程name,最高分,最低分,平均分,及格率,中等率,优良率,优秀率及格为>=60,中等为:70-80,优良为:80-90,优秀为:>=90】
SELECT a.c_id,b.c_name,MAX(s_score),MIN(s_score),ROUND(AVG(s_score),2),
ROUND(100*(SUM(CASE WHEN a.s_score>=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN a.s_score THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)),2) AS 及格率,
ROUND(100*(SUM(CASE WHEN a.s_score>=70 AND a.s_score<=80 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN a.s_score THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)),2) AS 中等率,
ROUND(100*(SUM(CASE WHEN a.s_score>=80 AND a.s_score<=90 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN a.s_score THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)),2) AS 优良率,
ROUND(100*(SUM(CASE WHEN a.s_score>=90 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN a.s_score THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)),2) AS 优秀率
FROM score a LEFT JOIN course b ON a.c_id = b.c_id GROUP BY a.c_id,b.c_name;
-- 【19、按各科成绩进行排序,并显示排名(实现不完全)】
SELECT a.s_id,a.c_id,
@i:=@i +1 AS i保留排名,
@k:=(CASE WHEN @score=a.s_score THEN @k ELSE @i END) AS rank不保留排名,
@score:=a.s_score AS score
FROM (
SELECT s_id,c_id,s_score FROM score WHERE c_id='01' GROUP BY s_id,c_id,s_score ORDER BY s_score DESC
)a,(SELECT @k:=0,@i:=0,@score:=0)s
UNION
SELECT a.s_id,a.c_id,
@i:=@i +1 AS i,
@k:=(CASE WHEN @score=a.s_score THEN @k ELSE @i END) AS rank,
@score:=a.s_score AS score
FROM (
SELECT s_id,c_id,s_score FROM score WHERE c_id='02' GROUP BY s_id,c_id,s_score ORDER BY s_score DESC
)a,(SELECT @k:=0,@i:=0,@score:=0)s
UNION
SELECT a.s_id,a.c_id,
@i:=@i +1 AS i,
@k:=(CASE WHEN @score=a.s_score THEN @k ELSE @i END) AS rank,
@score:=a.s_score AS score
FROM (
SELECT s_id,c_id,s_score FROM score WHERE c_id='03' GROUP BY s_id,c_id,s_score ORDER BY s_score DESC
)a,(SELECT @k:=0,@i:=0,@score:=0)s;
注意:
定义一个变量i,让它每增一条结果是+1, @i:=@i+1;
mysql定义用户变量的方式:select @变量名
对用户变量赋值:
1.用"="号;
2.用":="号。
区别:
使用set命令对用户变量进行赋值时,两种方式都可以使用;
当使用select语句对用户变量进行赋值时,只能使用":="方式,因为在select语句中,"="号被看作是比较操作符
(@i:=@i+1) 也可以写成 @i:=@i+1 ,加括号是为了视觉上看这结构更清楚些。
最后一行的(SELECT @i:=0) as i :
在定义好一个变量后每次查询都会给这个变量自增,而我们每次执行查询语句获取结果后就不需要这个变量自增了,所以要把它重置为0,在表名后用逗号分格下使用 (SELECT @i:=0) as i 就可以了,说下这个as i为什么要这样用,是因为派生表必须需要一个别名,这个就是做它的别名,可以是任意字符
-- 【20、查询学生的总成绩并进行排名】
SELECT a.s_id,
@i:=@i+1 AS i,
@k:=(CASE WHEN @score=a.sum_score THEN @k ELSE @i END) AS rank,
@score:=a.sum_score AS score
FROM (SELECT s_id,SUM(s_score) AS sum_score FROM score GROUP BY s_id ORDER BY sum_score DESC)a,
(SELECT @k:=0,@i:=0,@score:=0)s;
-- 【21、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示】
SELECT a.t_id,c.t_name,a.c_id,ROUND(AVG(s_score),2) AS avg_score FROM course a
LEFT JOIN score b ON a.c_id=b.c_id
LEFT JOIN teacher c ON a.t_id=c.t_id
GROUP BY a.c_id,a.t_id,c.t_name ORDER BY avg_score DESC;
-- 【22、查询所有课程的成绩第2名到第3名的学生信息及该课程成绩】
SELECT d.*,c.排名,c.s_score,c.c_id FROM (
SELECT a.s_id,a.s_score,a.c_id,@i:=@i+1 AS 排名 FROM score a,(SELECT @i:=0)s WHERE a.c_id='01'
)c
LEFT JOIN student d ON c.s_id=d.s_id
WHERE 排名 BETWEEN 2 AND 3
UNION
SELECT d.*,c.排名,c.s_score,c.c_id FROM (
SELECT a.s_id,a.s_score,a.c_id,@j:=@j+1 AS 排名 FROM score a,(SELECT @j:=0)s WHERE a.c_id='02'
)c
LEFT JOIN student d ON c.s_id=d.s_id
WHERE 排名 BETWEEN 2 AND 3
UNION
SELECT d.*,c.排名,c.s_score,c.c_id FROM (
SELECT a.s_id,a.s_score,a.c_id,@k:=@k+1 AS 排名 FROM score a,(SELECT @k:=0)s WHERE a.c_id='03'
)c
LEFT JOIN student d ON c.s_id=d.s_id
WHERE 排名 BETWEEN 2 AND 3;
-- 【23、统计各科成绩各分数段人数:课程编号,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[0-60]及所占百分比】
SELECT DISTINCT f.c_name,a.c_id,b.`85-100`,b.百分比,c.`70-85`,c.百分比,d.`60-70`,d.百分比,e.`0-60`,e.百分比 FROM score a
LEFT JOIN (SELECT c_id,SUM(CASE WHEN s_score >85 AND s_score <=100 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS `85-100`,
ROUND(100*(SUM(CASE WHEN s_score >85 AND s_score <=100 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*)),2) AS 百分比
FROM score GROUP BY c_id)b ON a.c_id=b.c_id
LEFT JOIN (SELECT c_id,SUM(CASE WHEN s_score >70 AND s_score <=85 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS `70-85`,
ROUND(100*(SUM(CASE WHEN s_score >70 AND s_score <=85 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*)),2) AS 百分比
FROM score GROUP BY c_id)c ON a.c_id=c.c_id
LEFT JOIN (SELECT c_id,SUM(CASE WHEN s_score >60 AND s_score <=70 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS `60-70`,
ROUND(100*(SUM(CASE WHEN s_score >60 AND s_score <=70 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*)),2) AS 百分比
FROM score GROUP BY c_id)d ON a.c_id=d.c_id
LEFT JOIN (SELECT c_id,SUM(CASE WHEN s_score >=0 AND s_score <=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS `0-60`,
ROUND(100*(SUM(CASE WHEN s_score >=0 AND s_score <=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*)),2) AS 百分比
FROM score GROUP BY c_id)e ON a.c_id=e.c_id
LEFT JOIN course f ON a.c_id = f.c_id;
-- 【24、查询学生平均成绩及其名次 】
select a.s_id,
@i:=@i+1 as '不保留空缺排名',
@k:=(case when @avg_score=a.avg_s then @k else @i end) as '保留空缺排名',
@avg_score:=avg_s as '平均分'
from (select s_id,ROUND(AVG(s_score),2) as avg_s from score GROUP BY s_id)a,(select @avg_score:=0,@i:=0,@k:=0)b;
-- 【25、查询各科成绩前三名的记录】
-- 1.选出b表比a表成绩大的所有组
-- 2.选出比当前id成绩大的 小于三个的
SELECT a.s_id,a.c_id,a.s_score FROM score a
LEFT JOIN score b ON a.c_id = b.c_id AND a.s_score<b.s_score
GROUP BY a.s_id,a.c_id,a.s_score HAVING COUNT(b.s_id)<3
ORDER BY a.c_id,a.s_score DESC;
-- 【26、查询每门课程被选修的学生数】
SELECT c_id,COUNT(s_id) FROM score a GROUP BY c_id;
-- 【27、查询出只有两门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名】
SELECT s_id,s_name FROM student WHERE s_id IN(
SELECT s_id FROM score GROUP BY s_id HAVING COUNT(c_id)=2);
-- 【28、查询男生、女生人数 】
SELECT s_sex,COUNT(s_sex) AS 人数 FROM student GROUP BY s_sex;
-- 【29、查询名字中含有"风"字的学生信息】
SELECT * FROM student WHERE s_name LIKE '%风%';
-- 【30、查询同名同性学生名单,并统计同名人数 】
SELECT a.s_name,a.s_sex,COUNT(*) FROM student a JOIN
student b ON a.s_id !=b.s_id AND a.s_name = b.s_name AND a.s_sex = b.s_sex
GROUP BY a.s_name,a.s_sex;
-- 【31、查询1990年出生的学生名单】
SELECT s_name FROM student WHERE s_birth LIKE '1990%';
-- 【32、查询每门课程的平均成绩,结果按平均成绩降序排列,平均成绩相同时,按课程编号升序排列】
SELECT c_id,ROUND(AVG(s_score),2) AS avg_score FROM score GROUP BY c_id
ORDER BY avg_score DESC,c_id ASC;
-- 【33、查询平均成绩大于等于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩 】
SELECT a.s_id,b.s_name,ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2) AS avg_score FROM score a
LEFT JOIN student b ON a.s_id=b.s_id GROUP BY s_id HAVING avg_score>=85;
-- 【34、查询课程名称为"数学",且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数】
方法一:
SELECT student.`s_name`,score.`s_score` FROM student JOIN score ON student.`s_id`=score.`s_id`
JOIN course ON course.`c_id`=score.`c_id` AND course.`c_name`='数学' AND score.`s_score`<60;
方法二:
SELECT a.s_name,b.s_score FROM score b LEFT JOIN student a ON a.s_id=b.s_id
WHERE b.c_id=(SELECT c_id FROM course WHERE c_name ='数学') AND b.s_score<60;
-- 【35、查询所有学生的课程及分数情况;】
select a.s_id,a.s_name,
SUM(case c.c_name when '语文' then b.s_score else 0 end) as '语文',
SUM(case c.c_name when '数学' then b.s_score else 0 end) as '数学',
SUM(case c.c_name when '英语' then b.s_score else 0 end) as '英语',
SUM(b.s_score) as '总分'from student a left join score b on a.s_id = b.s_id
left join course c on b.c_id = c.c_id GROUP BY a.s_id,a.s_name;
-- 【36、查询任何一门课程成绩在70分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数】
select a.s_name,b.c_name,c.s_score from course b left join score c
on b.c_id = c.c_id left join student a on a.s_id=c.s_id where c.s_score>=70;
-- 【37、查询不及格的课程】
select a.s_id,a.c_id,b.c_name,a.s_score from score a
left join course b on a.c_id = b.c_id where a.s_score<60;
-- 【38、查询课程编号为01且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名;】
select a.s_id,b.s_name from score a LEFT JOIN student b on a.s_id = b.s_id
where a.c_id = '01' and a.s_score>80;
-- 【39、求每门课程的学生人数 】
select count(*) from score GROUP BY c_id;
-- 【40、查询选修"张三"老师所授课程的学生中,成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩】
查询老师id
select c_id from course c,teacher d where c.t_id=d.t_id and d.t_name='张三';
查询最高分,可能有相同得分数
select MAX(s_score) from score where c_id='02';
查询信息
select a.*,b.s_score,b.c_id,c.c_name from student a
LEFT JOIN score b on a.s_id = b.s_id LEFT JOIN course c on b.c_id=c.c_id
where b.c_id =(select c_id from course c,teacher d
where c.t_id=d.t_id and d.t_name='张三')
and b.s_score in (select MAX(s_score) from score where c_id='02');
-- 【41、查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学生编号、课程编号、学生成绩】
select DISTINCT b.s_id,b.c_id,b.s_score from score a,score b
where a.c_id != b.c_id and a.s_score = b.s_score;
-- 【42、查询每门功成绩最好的前两名】
select a.s_id,a.c_id,a.s_score from score a where (
select COUNT(1) from score b where b.c_id=a.c_id
and b.s_score>=a.s_score)<=2 ORDER BY a.c_id
-- 【43、统计每门课程的学生选修人数(超过5人的课程才统计)。要求输出课程号和选修人数,查询结果按人数降序排列,若人数相同,按课程号升序排列 】
select c_id,count(*) as total from score GROUP BY c_id HAVING total>5 ORDER BY total,c_id ASC;
-- 【44、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号】
select s_id,count(*) as sel from score GROUP BY s_id HAVING sel>=2;
-- 【45、查询选修了全部课程的学生信息】
select * from student where s_id in(
select s_id from score GROUP BY s_id HAVING count(*)=(select count(*) from course));
-- 【46、查询各学生的年龄,按照出生日期来算,当前月日 < 出生年月的月日则,年龄减一】
select s_birth,(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y')-DATE_FORMAT(s_birth,'%Y') -
(case when DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%m%d')>DATE_FORMAT(s_birth,'%m%d') then 0 else 1 end)) as age
from student;
-- 【47、查询本周过生日的学生】
方法一:
select * from student where WEEK(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y%m%d'))=WEEK(s_birth);
方法二:
select * from student where YEARWEEK(s_birth)=YEARWEEK(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y%m%d'));
-- 【48、查询下周过生日的学生】
select * from student where WEEK(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y%m%d'))+1 =WEEK(s_birth);
-- 【49、查询本月过生日的学生】
select * from student where MONTH(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y%m%d')) =MONTH(s_birth) ;
-- 【50、查询下月过生日的学生】
select * from student where MONTH(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y%m%d'))+1 =MONTH(s_birth) ;