leetcode - 字符串转换成数字(String to Integer)atoi

https://leetcode.com/problems/string-to-integer-atoi/

把字符串转换成数字，即实现atoi函数。坑多慎重。

class Solution {
public:
    int myAtoi(string str) {
        int len = str.length();
        int index = 0;
        while (index < len && isspace(str[index])) index++;
        bool minus = false;
        if (index < len && (str[index] == '-' || str[index] == '+')) {
            minus = str[index] == '-';
            index++;
        }
        long long result = 0;
        // 注意！如果没有下面的强制转换，那么INT_MAX+1溢出了，变成INT_MIN
        while (result <= (long long)INT_MAX + 1 && index < len && isdigit(str[index])) {
            result = result * 10 + (str[index] - '0');
            index++;
        }
        if (minus) result = -result;
        // 不科学的设定
        if (result < INT_MIN) return INT_MIN;
        if (result > INT_MAX) return INT_MAX;
        return result;
    }
};