rman备份恢复命令之switch

一 switch 命令

1 switch命令用途

更新数据文件名为rman下镜像拷贝时指定的数据文件名

更新数据文件名为 set newname 命令指定的名字。

2 switch 命令使用前提条件

rman 必须连接到目标数据库

当switch tablespaces、datafiles、tempfiles时，这些文件必须离线

当switch 整个数据库时，数据库不能open

3 注意事项

switch....to copy 命令用于rman命令提示符下

switch没有to copy的命令用于run语句块中

4 语法

第一组

switch dtabase to copy;

switch datafile number|name to copy;

switch tablespace name to copy;

第二组

switch datafile all;

switch datafile number|name;

switch tempfile all;

二 举例如下：

例一：用switch datafile number to copy 更新数据文件位置和名字

RMAN> backup as copy datafile 8 format '/oracle/CRM/test.dbf';

Starting backup at 2013-02-22 10:06:21

using channel ORA_DISK_1

using channel ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00008 name=/backup/test.dbf

output file name=/oracle/CRM/test.dbf tag=TAG20130222T100621 RECID=14 STAMP=808049181

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 2013-02-22 10:06:22

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2013-02-22 10:06:22

piece handle=/backup/c-3599153036-20130222-01 comment=NONE

Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2013-02-22 10:06:25

RMAN> sql 'alter tablespace test offline';

sql statement: alter tablespace test offline

RMAN> switch datafile 8 to copy;

datafile 8 switched to datafile copy "/oracle/CRM/test.dbf"

RMAN> report schema;

Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name CRM

List of Permanent Datafiles

===========================

File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name

---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------

1 750 SYSTEM *** /oracle/CRM/system01.dbf

2 540 SYSAUX *** /oracle/CRM/sysaux01.dbf

3 100 UNDOTBS3 *** /oracle/CRM/undotbs3.dbf

4 1742 USERS *** /backup/users01.dbf

5 500 POS *** /oracle/CRM/pos.dbf

6 100 ERP *** /oracle/CRM/erp.dbf

7 5 USER01 *** /oracle/CRM/user01.dbf

8 0 TEST *** /oracle/CRM/test.dbf

List of Temporary Files

=======================

File Size(MB) Tablespace Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name

---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------

1 218 TEMP 32767 /oracle/CRM/temp01.dbf

2 3072 MYNEWTEMP 40960 /oracle/CRM/newtemp.dbf

例二 用switch tablespace name to copy更新表空间所有数据文件位置和名字

RMAN> backup as copy tablespace pos format '/oracle/%N%f.dbf';

（%N为表空间名、%f为数据文件绝对文件号）

Starting backup at 2013-02-22 10:55:49

using channel ORA_DISK_1

using channel ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00005 name=/oracle/CRM/pos.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_2: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00009 name=/oracle/CRM/pos2.dbf

output file name=/oracle/POS9.dbf tag=TAG20130222T105549 RECID=18 STAMP=808052153

channel ORA_DISK_2: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07

output file name=/oracle/POS5.dbf tag=TAG20130222T105549 RECID=19 STAMP=808052179

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:36

Finished backup at 2013-02-22 10:56:25

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2013-02-22 10:56:25

piece handle=/backup/c-3599153036-20130222-03 comment=NONE

Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2013-02-22 10:56:28

RMAN> sql 'alter tablespace pos offline';

sql statement: alter tablespace pos offline

RMAN> switch tablespace pos to copy;

datafile 5 switched to datafile copy "/oracle/POS5.dbf"

datafile 9 switched to datafile copy "/oracle/POS9.dbf"

RMAN> report schema;

Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name CRM

List of Permanent Datafiles

===========================

File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name

---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------

1 750 SYSTEM *** /oracle/CRM/system01.dbf

2 540 SYSAUX *** /oracle/CRM/sysaux01.dbf

3 100 UNDOTBS3 *** /oracle/CRM/undotbs3.dbf

4 1742 USERS *** /backup/users01.dbf

5 0 POS *** /oracle/POS5.dbf

6 100 ERP *** /oracle/CRM/erp.dbf

7 5 USER01 *** /oracle/CRM/user01.dbf

8 0 TEST *** /oracle/CRM/test.dbf

9 0 POS *** /oracle/POS9.dbf

List of Temporary Files

=======================

File Size(MB) Tablespace Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name

---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------

1 218 TEMP 32767 /oracle/CRM/temp01.dbf

2 3072 MYNEWTEMP 40960 /oracle/CRM/newtemp.dbf

例三 用switch dtabase to copy更新数据库所有数据文件位置和名字

RMAN> backup as copy database format '/oracle/CRM/test/%N%f.dbf';

Starting backup at 2013-02-22 11:26:52

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=129 device type=DISK

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=192 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00004 name=/backup/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_2: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00001 name=/oracle/CRM/system01.dbf

output file name=/oracle/CRM/test/SYSTEM1.dbf tag=TAG20130222T112653 RECID=52 STAMP=808054107

channel ORA_DISK_2: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:01:41

channel ORA_DISK_2: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00002 name=/oracle/CRM/sysaux01.dbf

output file name=/oracle/CRM/test/USERS4.dbf tag=TAG20130222T112653 RECID=53 STAMP=808054182

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:02:54

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00005 name=/oracle/POS5.dbf

output file name=/oracle/CRM/test/SYSAUX2.dbf tag=TAG20130222T112653 RECID=54 STAMP=808054193

channel ORA_DISK_2: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:01:11

channel ORA_DISK_2: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00003 name=/oracle/CRM/undotbs3.dbf

output file name=/oracle/CRM/test/UNDOTBS33.dbf tag=TAG20130222T112653 RECID=55 STAMP=808054203

channel ORA_DISK_2: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:16

channel ORA_DISK_2: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00006 name=/oracle/CRM/erp.dbf

output file name=/oracle/CRM/test/ERP6.dbf tag=TAG20130222T112653 RECID=56 STAMP=808054230

channel ORA_DISK_2: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25

channel ORA_DISK_2: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00009 name=/oracle/POS9.dbf

output file name=/oracle/CRM/test/POS5.dbf tag=TAG20130222T112653 RECID=57 STAMP=808054247

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:58

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00007 name=/oracle/CRM/user01.dbf

output file name=/oracle/CRM/test/POS9.dbf tag=TAG20130222T112653 RECID=58 STAMP=808054247

channel ORA_DISK_2: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:08

channel ORA_DISK_2: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00008 name=/oracle/CRM/test.dbf

output file name=/oracle/CRM/test/USER017.dbf tag=TAG20130222T112653 RECID=59 STAMP=808054250

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

output file name=/oracle/CRM/test/TEST8.dbf tag=TAG20130222T112653 RECID=60 STAMP=808054250

channel ORA_DISK_2: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 2013-02-22 11:30:51

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2013-02-22 11:30:51

piece handle=/backup/c-3599153036-20130222-06 comment=NONE

Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2013-02-22 11:30:59

RMAN> switch database to copy;

datafile 1 switched to datafile copy "/oracle/CRM/test/SYSTEM1.dbf"

datafile 2 switched to datafile copy "/oracle/CRM/test/SYSAUX2.dbf"

datafile 3 switched to datafile copy "/oracle/CRM/test/UNDOTBS33.dbf"

datafile 4 switched to datafile copy "/oracle/CRM/test/USERS4.dbf"

datafile 5 switched to datafile copy "/oracle/CRM/test/POS5.dbf"

datafile 6 switched to datafile copy "/oracle/CRM/test/ERP6.dbf"

datafile 7 switched to datafile copy "/oracle/CRM/test/USER017.dbf"

datafile 8 switched to datafile copy "/oracle/CRM/test/TEST8.dbf"

datafile 9 switched to datafile copy "/oracle/CRM/test/POS9.dbf"

RMAN> sql 'alter database open';

sql statement: alter database open

SQL> select file#,name,status from v$datafile;

FILE# NAME STATUS

---------- ---------------------------------------- -------

1 /oracle/CRM/test/SYSTEM1.dbf SYSTEM

2 /oracle/CRM/test/SYSAUX2.dbf ONLINE

3 /oracle/CRM/test/UNDOTBS33.dbf ONLINE

4 /oracle/CRM/test/USERS4.dbf ONLINE

5 /oracle/CRM/test/POS5.dbf ONLINE

6 /oracle/CRM/test/ERP6.dbf ONLINE

7 /oracle/CRM/test/USER017.dbf ONLINE

8 /oracle/CRM/test/TEST8.dbf ONLINE

9 /oracle/CRM/test/POS9.dbf ONLINE

例四 用switch tempfile all更新所有临时数据文件位置和名字

SQL> select file#,name,status from v$tempfile;

FILE# NAME STATUS

---------- ---------------------------------------- -------

1 /oracle/CRM/temp01.dbf ONLINE

2 /oracle/CRM/newtemp.dbf ONLINE

语句如下：

startup force mount

run{

set newname for tempfile 1 to '/oracle/CRM/test/temp01.dbf';

set newname for tempfile 2 to '/oracle/CRM/test/temp02.dbf';

switch tempfile all;

alter database open;

}

执行过程如下：

RMAN> startup force mount

run{

set newname for tempfile 1 to '/oracle/CRM/test/temp01.dbf';

set newname for tempfile 2 to '/oracle/CRM/test/temp02.dbf';

switch tempfile all;

alter database open;

}

Oracle instance started

database mounted

Total System Global Area 1252663296 bytes

Fixed Size 2226072 bytes

Variable Size 1006635112 bytes

Database Buffers 234881024 bytes

Redo Buffers 8921088 bytes

RMAN> 2> 3> 4> 5> 6>

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

renamed tempfile 1 to /oracle/CRM/test/temp01.dbf in control file

renamed tempfile 2 to /oracle/CRM/test/temp02.dbf in control file

database opened

RMAN> report schema;

Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name CRM

List of Permanent Datafiles

===========================

File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name

---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------

1 750 SYSTEM *** /oracle/CRM/test/SYSTEM1.dbf

2 540 SYSAUX *** /oracle/CRM/test/SYSAUX2.dbf

3 100 UNDOTBS3 *** /oracle/CRM/test/UNDOTBS33.dbf

4 1742 USERS *** /oracle/CRM/test/USERS4.dbf

5 500 POS *** /oracle/CRM/test/POS5.dbf

6 100 ERP *** /oracle/CRM/test/ERP6.dbf

7 5 USER01 *** /oracle/CRM/test/USER017.dbf

8 1 TEST *** /oracle/CRM/test/TEST8.dbf

9 10 POS *** /oracle/CRM/test/POS9.dbf

List of Temporary Files

=======================

File Size(MB) Tablespace Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name

---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------

1 218 TEMP 32767 /oracle/CRM/test/temp01.dbf

2 3072 MYNEWTEMP 40960 /oracle/CRM/test/temp02.dbf

例五 用switch datafile all更新表空间所有数据位置和名字

语句：

run{

sql 'alter tablespace pos offline immediate';

set newname for datafile '/oracle/CRM/test/POS5.dbf' to '/oracle/CRM/pos1.dbf';

set newname for datafile '/oracle/CRM/test/POS9.dbf' to '/oracle/CRM/pos2.dbf';

restore tablespace pos;

switch datafile all;

recover tablespace pos;

sql 'alter tablespace pos online';

}

执行过程如下：

RMAN> run{

2> sql 'alter tablespace pos offline immediate';

3> set newname for datafile '/oracle/CRM/test/POS5.dbf' to '/oracle/CRM/pos1.dbf';

4> set newname for datafile '/oracle/CRM/test/POS9.dbf' to '/oracle/CRM/pos2.dbf';

5> restore tablespace pos;

6> switch datafile all;

7> recover tablespace pos;

8> sql 'alter tablespace pos online';

9> }

sql statement: alter tablespace pos offline immediate

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

Starting restore at 2013-02-22 15:18:37

using channel ORA_DISK_1

using channel ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /oracle/CRM/pos1.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00009 to /oracle/CRM/pos2.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /backup/20130222_hho2k7jn_1_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/backup/20130222_hho2k7jn_1_1 tag=TAG20130222T145756

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25

Finished restore at 2013-02-22 15:19:03

datafile 5 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=72 STAMP=808067944 file name=/oracle/CRM/pos1.dbf

datafile 9 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=73 STAMP=808067944 file name=/oracle/CRM/pos2.dbf

Starting recover at 2013-02-22 15:19:04

using channel ORA_DISK_1

using channel ORA_DISK_2

starting media recovery

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

Finished recover at 2013-02-22 15:19:05

sql statement: alter tablespace pos online

RMAN> report schema;

Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name CRM

List of Permanent Datafiles

===========================

File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name

---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------

1 750 SYSTEM *** /oracle/CRM/test/SYSTEM1.dbf

2 540 SYSAUX *** /oracle/CRM/test/SYSAUX2.dbf

3 100 UNDOTBS3 *** /oracle/CRM/test/UNDOTBS33.dbf

4 1742 USERS *** /oracle/CRM/test/USERS4.dbf

5 500 POS *** /oracle/CRM/pos1.dbf

6 100 ERP *** /oracle/CRM/test/ERP6.dbf

7 5 USER01 *** /oracle/CRM/test/USER017.dbf

8 1 TEST *** /oracle/CRM/test/TEST8.dbf

9 10 POS *** /oracle/CRM/pos2.dbf