Json学习笔记

JSON

定义

JSON(JavaScript Object Notation) 是一种轻量级的数据交换格式。

作用：

      数据标记，存储，传输

特点:

1. 读写速度快

2. 解析简单

3. 轻量级

4. 独立于语言，平台

5. 具有自我描叙性

使用 Gson需要导包：

implementation 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.4'

Gson基础使用案例一

 Gson gson = new Gson();
        //输出"1",单个字符也可以序列化
        System.out.println(gson.toJson("1"));
        //输出 "fw123"
        System.out.println(gson.toJson("fw123"));

        //打印结果：[1,2,3] ---这种形式是数组吗？
        int[] value = {1,2,3};
        System.out.println(gson.toJson(value));
        //上面的序列化结果都是转化成字符串类型的

        // 下面是反序列化的过程
        //这是一个泛型入参的函数，打印的结果: i 的值为: 1
        int i = gson.fromJson("1",int.class);
        System.out.println("i 的值为: " + i);


        //打印出来的值为： gsonBean的值为: {"mInt":1,"mStr":"22"}--- 这个是序列化格式
        String gsonBean = gson.toJson(new GsonBean(1,"22"));
        System.out.println("gsonBean的值为: " + gsonBean);

SerializedName注解的使用：

public class JsonAdepterTest {
    static class SerializedNameTestClass {
        @SerializedName("name") //给a设置Key值为：name
                String a;
        @SerializedName(value = "name1", alternate = {"name2", "name3"})
        String b;

        String c;

        public SerializedNameTestClass(String a, String b, String c) {
            this.a = a;
            this.b = b;
            this.c = c;
        }

        public static void test() {
            SerializedNameTestClass target =
                     new SerializedNameTestClass("v1", "v2", "v3");
            Gson gson = new Gson();
            String json = gson.toJson(target);
            System.out.println(json);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SerializedNameTestClass.test();
    }
}
执行结果为：{"name":"v1","name1":"v2","c":"v3"}

JsonAdapter注解的使用：

 @JsonAdapter(UserJsonAdapter.class)
    static
    class User {
        public final String firstName, lastName;
        public User(String firstName, String lastName) {
            this.firstName = firstName;
            this.lastName = lastName;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "User{" +
                    "firstName='" + firstName + '\'' +
                    ", lastName='" + lastName + '\'' +
                    '}';
        }
    }

    class UserJsonAdapter extends TypeAdapter<User> {
        @Override
        public void write(JsonWriter out, User user) throws IOException {
            out.beginObject();
            out.name("firstKey:");
            out.value(user.firstName);
            out.endObject();
            out.beginObject();
            out.name("secondKey");
            out.value(user.lastName);
            out.endObject();
        }
        @Override
        public User read(JsonReader in) throws IOException {
            in.beginObject();
            in.nextName();
            String nameParts1 = in.nextString();
            in.endObject();
            
            in.beginObject();
            in.nextName();
            String nameParts2 = in.nextString();
            in.endObject();
            return new User(nameParts1, nameParts2);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        User user = new User("gg","Zero");
        Gson gson = new GsonBuilder()
                .setVersion(1.2).create();
        String gsonStr = gson.toJson(user);
        System.out.println("gsonStr=" + gsonStr);

        user = gson.fromJson(gsonStr,User.class);
        System.out.println("user: " + user);
    }

输出结果：
gsonStr={"firstKey:":"gg"}{"secondKey":"Zero"}
user: User{firstName='gg', lastName='Zero'}

public class GsonError1 {
        private String name;
        private List<AuthorsBean> authors;
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "GsonError1{" +
                    "name='" + name + '\'' +