Spring事务系列 - Spring 事务管理-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/top_code/article/details/71750957

本文详细介绍了Spring框架中的两种事务管理方式：编程式事务管理和声明式事务管理。通过具体实例展示了如何利用Spring的TransactionTemplate和注解实现事务控制，并提供了完整的Maven依赖配置及XML配置文件。

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一、Spring 的编程式事务管理

1. 基于底层 API 的编程式事务管理

根据PlatformTransactionManager、TransactionDefinition 和 TransactionStatus 三个核心接口，我们完全可以通过编程的方式来进行事务管理。代码如下：

@Service
public class BankServiceImpl implements BankService {
    private BankDao bankDao;
    private TransactionDefinition txDefinition;
    private PlatformTransactionManager txManager;
    ......

    public boolean transfer(Long fromId, Long toId, double amount) {
        TransactionStatus txStatus = txManager.getTransaction(txDefinition);
        boolean result = false;
        try {
            result = bankDao.transfer(fromId, toId, amount);
            txManager.commit(txStatus);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            result = false;
            txManager.rollback(txStatus);
            System.out.println("Transfer Error!");
        }
        return result;
    }
}

2. 基于 TransactionTemplate 的编程式事务管理

二、Spring 的声明式事务管理

maven依赖：

   <properties>
        <spring.version>4.3.6.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
                    <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.26</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.21</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.3.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">

    <bean id="parentDataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
           destroy-method="close"  abstract="true" init-method="init" >
        <!-- 初始化连接大小 -->
        <property name="initialSize" value="2" />
        <!-- 连接池最大使用连接数量 -->
        <property name="maxActive" value="10" />
        <!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->
        <property name="minIdle" value="5" />
        <!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->
        <property name="maxWait" value="30000" />
        <!-- <property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" /> -->
        <!-- <property name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize" value="33" /> -->
        <property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 1" />
        <property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" />
        <property name="testOnReturn" value="false" />
        <property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />
        <!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测，检测需要关闭的空闲连接，单位是毫秒 -->
        <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" />
        <!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒 -->
        <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="25200000" />
        <!-- 打开removeAbandoned功能 -->
        <property name="removeAbandoned" value="true" />
        <!-- 1800秒，也就是30分钟 -->
        <property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="1800" />
        <!-- 关闭abanded连接时输出错误日志 -->
        <property name="logAbandoned" value="true" />
        <!-- 监控数据库 -->
        <!-- <property name="filters" value="stat" /> -->
        <property name="filters" value="mergeStat" />

    </bean>

    <!-- 配置数据源-->
    <bean id="masterDataSource" parent="parentDataSource">
        <property name="url" value="#{jdbc['master.jdbc.url']}" />
        <property name="username" value="#{jdbc['master.jdbc.username']}" />
        <property name="password" value="#{jdbc['master.jdbc.password']}" />
        <property name="driverClassName" value="#{jdbc['master.jdbc.driver']}" />
        <property name="maxActive" value="15" />
    </bean>

    <!--Spring JdbcTemplate-->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="masterDataSource"/>
    </bean>


    <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="masterDataSource" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 启用事物注解 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

</beans>

以用户下单为例，譬如下单分为两个步骤：更新商品库存和创建订单服务两步，代码如下：

/**
 * ${DESCRIPTION}
 *
 * @author Ricky Fung
 * @create 2017-03-03 10:27
 */
@Service("orderBookingService")
public class OrderBookingServiceImpl implements OrderBookingService {

    @Autowired
    private GoodsItemDao goodsItemDao;

    @Autowired
    private OrderDao orderDao;

    @Transactional(rollbackFor = {BookFailureException.class})
    @Override
    public boolean book(User user, Order order) throws BookFailureException {

        boolean success = true;
        int update;
        for (OrderItem item : order.getItems()){
            update = goodsItemDao.updateStock(item.getId(), item.getQuantity());
            if(update<1){
                success = false;
                break;
            }
        }
        if(success){    //更新库存成功
            update = orderDao.insert(order);
            if(update>0){
                return true;
            }
        }
        throw new BookFailureException("book failure");
    }
}