alter database dbname character set utf8;
alter table tbname character set utf8;
alter table tbname modify fieldname varchar(32) character set utf8;
……………………
locate my.cnf
vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
collation-server = utf8_unicode_ci
init-connect='SET NAMES utf8'
character-set-server = utf8