了解了理论知识,下面这个例子,使用dubbo实现系统间的远程调用。
3大流程
1.windows安装zookeeper
2.编写后台服务(服务提供者)并启动
3.编写调用服务(服务消费者),并测试
windows安装zookeeper
1.解压zookeeper3.4.8到本地文件夹G:\Java\zookeeper-3.4.8
2.修改conf文件夹中的zoo.example.cfg
修改名称为zoo.cfg
修改zoo.cfg中dataDir为 dataDir=G:/Java/zookeeper-data
在本地必须手动创建该文件夹
3.执行bin目录下的zkServer.cmd,启动zookeeper.
编写后台服务(服务提供者)并启动
1.创建maven工程
2.在pom.xml中加入依赖
dubbo版本后来没有更新,在依赖中排出Spring的传递依赖,使用固定版本整合。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.dynamic.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-b</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<dependencies>
<!-- dubbo采用spring配置方式,所以需要导入spring容器依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.6.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.5.3</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<!-- 排出传递spring依赖 -->
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<!-- zookeeper的依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<port>8181</port>
<path>/</path>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3.编写基本服务接口,查询
pojo:对象要远程调用,在网络中传输,所以进行序列化
package com.dynamic.dubbo.pojo;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class User implements Serializable{
//该对象唯一的序列化ID
private static final long serialVersionUID = -7821136735047262187L;
private Long id;
private String username;
private String password;
private Integer age;
}
server
package com.dynamic.dubbo.service;
import java.util.List;
import com.dynamic.dubbo.pojo.User;
public interface UserService {
//查询所有用户数据
public List<User> queryAll();
}
serviceImpl
package com.dynamic.dubbo.service.impl;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import com.dynamic.dubbo.pojo.User;
import com.dynamic.dubbo.service.UserService;
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
/**
* 实现查询
*/
public List<User> queryAll() {
List<User> userlist = new ArrayList<User>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
User user = new User();
user.setAge(10 + i);
user.setId(Long.valueOf(i + 1));
user.setUsername("username_" + i);
user.setPassword("123456");
userlist.add(user);
}
return userlist;
}
}
4.配置dubbo的配置文件
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<!-- 提供方应用信息,用于计算依赖关系 -->
<dubbo:application name="dubbo-b-server" />
<!-- 这里使用的注册中心是zookeeper -->
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181"
client="zkclient" />
<!-- 用dubbo协议在20880端口暴露服务 -->
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />
<!-- 将该接口暴露到dubbo中 -->
<dubbo:service interface="com.dynamic.dubbo.service.UserService"
ref="userServiceImpl" />
<!-- 将具体的实现类加入到Spring的容器中 -->
<bean id="userServiceImpl" class="com.dynamic.dubbo.service.impl.UserServiceImpl" />
</beans>
5.web.xml中启动
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>dubbo-b</display-name>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:dubbo/dubbo-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--Spring的ApplicationContext 载入 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
编写服务调用(服务消费者)
1.创建maven工程
2.在pom.xml中加入依赖
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.dynamic.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-a</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<!-- dubbo采用Spring配置方式,所以需要导入Spring容器依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.6.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.5.3</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<!-- 排出传递spring依赖 -->
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.10</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<port>8182</port>
<path>/</path>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3.编写接口
pojo
package com.dynamic.dubbo.pojo;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class User implements Serializable{
//该对象唯一的序列化ID
private static final long serialVersionUID = -7821136735047262187L;
private Long id;
private String username;
private String password;
private Integer age;
}
userService
package com.dynamic.dubbo.service;
import java.util.List;
import com.dynamic.dubbo.pojo.User;
public interface UserService {
//查询所有用户数据
public List<User> queryAll();
}
测试类
package com.dynamic.dubbo.test;
import java.util.List;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.dynamic.dubbo.pojo.User;
import com.dynamic.dubbo.service.UserService;
public class UserServiceTest {
private UserService userService;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
// 完成Service的初始化
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:dubbo/dubbo-*.xml");
this.userService = applicationContext.getBean(UserService.class);
}
@Test
public void queryAll() throws Exception {
List<User> list = userService.queryAll();
for (User user : list) {
System.out.println("用户名----------->" + user.getUsername());
}
}
}
4.配置dubbo的配置文件
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<!-- 提供方应用信息,用于计算依赖关系 -->
<dubbo:application name="dubbo-a-consumer" />
<!-- 这里使用的注册中心是zookeeper -->
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181"
client="zkclient" />
<dubbo:reference id="userService" interface="com.dynamic.dubbo.service.UserService"></dubbo:reference>
</beans>
结论:
dubbo与Spring整合,整个入门程序的核心部分在于服务提供者和服务消费者的配置文件的内容。
服务提供者:
1.<dubbo:application>提供方应用信息
2.<dubbo:registry>注册中心
3.<dubbo:protocol>dubbo协议在20880端口暴露服务
4.<dubbo:service>接口暴露在dubbo中
5.<bean>实现类再Spring容器中管理
服务消费者
1.<dubbo:application>消费方应用信息
2.<dubbo:registry>注册中心
3.<dubbo:reference>引用服务配置,用于创建一个远程服务代理,一个引用可以指向多个注册中心