Router and Filter: Zuul。 Zuul is a JVM based router and server side load balancer by Netflix。
Zuul是一个路由器,而且是一个Server端的负载均衡器,Zuul默认的会反向代理到所有注册到Eureka上的服务。
Zuul实现代理。
启动类
package com.dynamic.cloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy
public class ZuulApplication
{
public static void main( String[] args )
{
SpringApplication.run(ZuulApplication.class, args);
}
}
后面的代码中,启动类不会变化。
@EnableZuulProxy,是一个组合注解,@EnableCircuitBreaker,@EnableDiscoveryClient。因为它有@EnableDiscoveryClient,所以可以注册到Eureka上。
POM.xml中加入依赖
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>microservice-gateway-zuul</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>com.dynamic.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservice-spring-cloud</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
配置文件application.yml
spring:
application:
name: microservice-gateway-zuul
server:
port: 8040
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://user:pass123@localhost:8761/eureka #把Eureka註冊到那個Eureka
instance:
prefer-ip-address: true
instance-id: ${spring.application.name}:${spring.application.instance_id:${server.port}}
hystrix.command.default.execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds: 5000
zuul:
ignored-services: microservice-comsumer-movie-ribbon-withhystrix
routes:
microservice-provider-user: /user/**
zuul:
ignored-services: microservice-comsumer-movie-ribbon-withhystrix ,不允许代理本服务
routes:
microservice-provider-user: /user/** ,可以使用user替换microservice-provider-user访问路径。
只想反向代理一个微服务,不想反向代理其他的微服务
第一种:所有的服务都ignored,只有配置的才反向代理
第二种:在ignored上配置,不代理的服务。
启动Eureka,用户服务,Zuul服务
已经完成了简单的Zuul的实例
1.指定path+serviceid
zuul:
routes:
abc: #让zuul方向代理微服务,路径是/user-path abc只要是唯一的就行,可随意写
path: /user-path/** #封层匹配
serviceId: microservice-provider-user
2.指定Path+url
zuul:
routes:
abc: #让zuul方向代理微服务,路径是/user-path abc只要是唯一的就行,可随意写
path: /user-path/** #封层匹配
#serviceId: microservice-provider-user
url: http://localhost:7900/
使用path + url不能实现服务提供者的负载均衡。
3.解决path + url 实现负载均衡
zuul:
routes:
abc: #让zuul方向代理微服务,路径是/user-path abc只要是唯一的就行,可随意写
path: /user-path/** #封层匹配
serviceId: microservice-provider-user
ribbon:
eureka:
enabled: false
microservice-provider-user: #这是Ribbon要请求的微服务的ServiceId
ribbon:
listOfServers: http://localhost:7900,http://localhost:7901
Zuul是API 网关解决微服问题的实现,反向代理,默认情况下,可以代理所有注册在Eureka上面的服务,实现在服务端的负载均衡。