做自己的m3u8点播系统使用HTTP Live Streaming

、 为何要使用HTTP Live Streaming

可以参考wikipedia

HTTP Live Streaming（缩写是 HLS）是一个由苹果公司提出的基于HTTP的流媒体 网络传输协议。是苹果公司QuickTime X和iPhone软件系统的一部分。它的工作原理是把整个流分成一个个小的基于HTTP的文件来下载，每次只下载一些。当媒体流正在播放时，客户端可以选择从许多不同的备用源中以不同的速率下载同样的资源，允许流媒体会话适应不同的数据速率。在开始一个流媒体会话时，客户端会下载一个包含元数据的extended M3U (m3u8) playlist文件，用于寻找可用的媒体流。

HLS只请求基本的HTTP报文，与实时传输协议（RTP)不同，HLS可以穿过任何允许HTTP数据通过的防火墙或者代理服务器。它也很容易使用内容分发网络来传输媒体流。

2、 HTTP Live Streaming技术方案

HTTP服务：使用Nginx提供HTTP服务，通过使用nginx-rtmp-module https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module 来增加对HLS的支持

使用ffmpeg来完成对flv、mp4、mp3等格式的转化,使用ffmpeg或segmenter完成对视频/音频格式文件的切割，切割为m3u8格式及ts文件

3、 准备工作

操作系统CentOS

3.1、准备安装删除已安装包

yum erase ffmpeg x264 x264-devel

3.2、安装各种依赖包

yum install gcc make nasm pkgconfig wget curl curl-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel perl cpio expat-devel gettext-devel libtool mhash.x86_64 perl-Digest-SHA1.x86_64 pcre.i386 pcre.x86_64 pcre-devel.i386 pcre-devel.x86_64

3.3、安装git

wget -O git-devel.zip https://github.com/msysgit/git/archive/devel.zip

unzip git-devel.zip

cd git-devel/

autoconf

./configure

make

make install

3.4、创建安装包目录

mkdir ~/ffmpeg-source

4、 安装ffmpeg及其依赖包

4.1、Yasm

cd ~/ffmpeg-source

wget http://www.tortall.net/projects/yasm/releases/yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz

tar xzvf yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz

cd yasm-1.2.0

./configure

make

make install

4.2、x264

cd ~/ffmpeg-source

git clone git://git.videolan.org/x264

cd x264

./configure –enable-shared

make

make install

4.3、LAME

cd ~/ffmpeg-source

wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/lame/lame/3.99/lame-3.99.5.tar.gz

tar xzvf lame-3.99.5.tar.gz

cd lame-3.99.5

./configure –enable-nasm

make

make install

4.4、libogg

cd ~/ffmpeg-source

wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/ogg/libogg-1.3.0.tar.gz

tar xzvf libogg-1.3.0.tar.gz

cd libogg-1.3.0

./configure

make

make install

4.5、libvorbis

cd ~/ffmpeg-source

wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/vorbis/libvorbis-1.3.3.tar.gz

tar xzvf libvorbis-1.3.3.tar.gz

cd libvorbis-1.3.3

./configure

make

make install

4.6、libvpx

cd ~/ffmpeg-source

git clone http://git.chromium.org/webm/libvpx.git

cd libvpx

./configure –enable-shared

make

make install

4.7、 FAAD2

cd ~/ffmpeg-source

wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/faac/faad2-src/faad2-2.7/faad2-2.7.tar.gz

tar zxvf faad2-2.7.tar.gz

cd faad2-2.7

./configure

make

make install

4.8、FAAC

cd ~/ffmpeg-source

wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/faac/faac-src/faac-1.28/faac-1.28.tar.gz

tar zxvf faac-1.28.tar.gz

cd faac-1.28

./configure

make

make install

4.9、Xvid

cd ~/ffmpeg-source

wget http://downloads.xvid.org/downloads/xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gz

tar zxvf xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gz

cd xvidcore/build/generic

./configure

make

make install

4.10、FFmpeg

cd ~/ffmpeg-source

git clone git://source.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg

cd ffmpeg

./configure –enable-version3 –enable-libvpx –enable-libfaac –enable-libmp3lame –enable-libvorbis –enable-libx264 –enable-libxvid –enable-shared –enable-gpl –enable-postproc –enable-nonfree –enable-avfilter –enable-pthreads

PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH" PKG_CONFIG_PATH="$HOME/ffmpeg_build/lib/pkgconfig"
./configure \
  --prefix="$HOME/ffmpeg_build" \
  --extra-cflags="-I$HOME/ffmpeg_build/include" \
  --extra-ldflags="-L$HOME/ffmpeg_build/lib" \
  --enable-version3 \
  --enable-pthreads \
  --enable-avfilter \
  --enable-nonfree \
  --enable-gpl \
  --enable-libx264 \
  --enable-libvorbis \
  --enable-libvpx \
  --enable-libxvid \
  --enable-shared \
  --enable-postproc \
  --enable-debug=3 \
  --disable-optimizations \
  --disable-asm \
  --disable-stripping

make

make install

ldconfig –v

5、 安装nginx及nginx-rtmp-module

mkdir ~/nginx-source 
 
cd  ~/nginx-source 
 
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.4.tar.gz 
 
tar zxvf nginx-1.2.4.tar.gz 
 
wget -O nginx-rtmp-module.zip  https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module/archive/master.zip 
 
unzip nginx-rtmp-module.zip 
 
wget -O ngx_cache_purge.zip https://github.com/FRiCKLE/ngx_cache_purge/archive/master.zip 
 
unzip ngx_cache_purge.zip 
 
cd nginx-1.2.4 
 
./configure –user=daemon –group=daemon –prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.2.4/ –add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module-master –add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module-master/hls –add-module=../ngx_cache_purge-master  –with-http_stub_status_module –with-http_ssl_module –with-http_sub_module –with-md5=/usr/lib –with-sha1=/usr/lib –with-http_gzip_static_module 
 :./configuer --user=root --group=root --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.9.9/ --add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module/nginx-rtmp-module --add-module=../ngx_cache_purge-master --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_sub_module --with-md5=/usr/lib --with-sha1=/usr/lib --with-http_gzip_static_module

在nginx.conf中增加rtmp模块的相关配置，配置例子 

由于我们需要播放m3u8,ts类型的文件，所以要在nginx的conf/mime.types文件中加入

1 2	application/x-mpegURL                 m3u8; video/MP2T                            ts;

参考http://yaocoder.blog.51cto.com/2668309/1435771/

daemon  on;
master_process  off;
#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


rtmp { 
     
    server { 
     
    listen 1935; 
     
    chunk_size 4000; 
     
    # TV mode: one publisher, many subscribers 
     
    application mytv { 
     
    # enable live streaming 
     
    live on; 
     
    # record first 1K of stream 
     
    record all; 
     
    record_path /tmp/av; 
     
    record_max_size 1K; 
     
    # append current timestamp to each flv 
     
    record_unique on; 
     
    # publish only from localhost 
     
    allow publish 127.0.0.1; 
     
    deny publish all; 
     
    #allow play all; 
     
    } 
     
    # Transcoding (ffmpeg needed) 
     
    application big { 
     
    live on; 
     
    # On every pusblished stream run this command (ffmpeg) 
     
    # with substitutions: $app/${app}, $name/${name} for application & stream name. 
     
    # 
     
    # This ffmpeg call receives stream from this application & 
     
    # reduces the resolution down to 32×32. The stream is the published to 
     
    # ‘small’ application (see below) under the same name. 
     
    # 
     
    # ffmpeg can do anything with the stream like video/audio 
     
    # transcoding, resizing, altering container/codec params etc 
     
    # 
     
    # Multiple exec lines can be specified. 
     
    exec /usr/local/bin/ffmpeg -re -i rtmp://localhost:1935/$app/$name -vcodec flv -acodec copy -s 32×32 -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/small/${name}; 
     
    } 
     
    application small { 
     
    live on; 
     
    # Video with reduced resolution comes here from ffmpeg 
     
    } 
     
    application mypush { 
     
    live on; 
     
    # Every stream published here 
     
    # is automatically pushed to 
     
    # these two machines 
     
    #push rtmp1.example.com; 
     
    #push rtmp2.example.com:1934; 
     
    } 
     
    application mypull { 
     
    live on; 
     
    # Pull all streams from remote machine 
     
    # and play locally 
     
    #pull rtmp://rtmp3.example.com pageUrl=www.example.com/index.html; 
     
    } 
     
    # video on demand 
     
    application vod { 
     
    play /var/flvs; 
     
    } 
     
    application vod2 { 
     
    play /var/mp4s; 
     
    } 
     
    # Many publishers, many subscribers 
     
    # no checks, no recording 
     
    application videochat { 
     
    live on; 
     
    # The following notifications receive all 
     
    # the session variables as well as 
     
    # particular call arguments in HTTP POST 
     
    # request 
     
    # Make HTTP request & use HTTP retcode 
     
    # to decide whether to allow publishing 
     
    # from this connection or not 
     
    on_publish http://localhost:8080/publish; 
     
    # Same with playing 
     
    on_play http://localhost:8080/play; 
     
    # Publish/play end (repeats on disconnect) 
     
    on_done http://localhost:8080/done; 
     
    # All above mentioned notifications receive 
     
    # standard connect() arguments as well as 
     
    # play/publish ones. If any arguments are sent 
     
    # with GET-style syntax to play & publish 
     
    # these are also included. 
     
    # Example URL: 
     
    #   rtmp://localhost/myapp/mystream?a=b&c=d 
     
    # record 10 video keyframes (no audio) every 2 minutes 
     
    record keyframes; 
     
    record_path /var/vc; 
     
    record_max_frames 10; 
     
    record_interval 2m; 
     
    # Async notify about an flv recorded 
     
    on_record_done http://localhost:8080/record_done; 
     
    } 
     
    # HLS 
     
    # HLS requires libavformat & should be configured as a separate 
     
    # NGINX module in addition to nginx-rtmp-module: 
     
    # ./configure … –add-module=/path/to/nginx-rtmp-module/hls … 
     
    # For HLS to work please create a directory in tmpfs (/tmp/app here) 
     
    # for the fragments. The directory contents is served via HTTP (see 
     
    # http{} section in config) 
     
    # 
     
    # Incoming stream must be in H264/AAC/MP3. For iPhones use baseline H264 
     
    # profile (see ffmpeg example). 
     
    # This example creates RTMP stream from movie ready for HLS: 
     
    # 
     
    # ffmpeg -loglevel verbose -re -i movie.avi  -vcodec libx264 
     
    #    -vprofile baseline -acodec libmp3lame -ar 44100 -ac 1 
     
    #    -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/hls/movie 
     
    # 
     
    # If you need to transcode live stream use ‘exec’ feature. 
     
    # 
     
    application hls { 
     
    hls on; 
     
    #hls_path /var/app; 
    hls_path /kkk;
     
    hls_fragment 5s; 
     
    } 
     
    } 
     
    } 
     
    # HTTP can be used for accessing RTMP stats 
     
    http { 
     
    server { 
     
    listen      8080; 
     
    # This URL provides RTMP statistics in XML 
     
    location /stat { 
     
    rtmp_stat all; 
     
    # Use this stylesheet to view XML as web page 
     
    # in browser 
     
    rtmp_stat_stylesheet stat.xsl; 
     
    } 
     
    location /stat.xsl { 
    # XML stylesheet to view RTMP stats. 
    # Copy stat.xsl wherever you want 
    # and put the full directory path here 
    root /path/to/stat.xsl/; 
    } 
    location /hls { 
    # Serve HLS fragments 
    #alias /var/app;
    autoindex on; 
    alias /kkk; 
    } 
    } 
    } 

 

http://www.cuplayer.com/player/PlayerCodeAs/2014/03071219_2.html