Python与以太坊交互实战

Python与链上交互

环境

• Linux VM-0-11-ubuntu 4.4.0-130-generic
• Python3.6
• vim 8.0

安装

• node 和 npm 安装
• testrpc和truffle ，教程里面写的很清楚

• 安装web3.py

  $ sudo pip3.6 install web3

  • 需要注意的几个点:
    
    • 必须要python3.5以上，实测3.6 ok
    • 安装过程中报错正常，可能缺少依赖，参考这里
• 安装pysolc

$ sudo pip3.6 install py-solc

运行

• 运行testrpc
• 我们测试最简单的一个合约

pragma solidity ^0.4.4;
contract MyTest {
    function multiply(uint a) public pure returns(uint d) {
        return a * 7;
    }

    function say() public pure returns (string) {
        return "Hello Contract";
    }

    function deposit() returns(address){
        return msg.sender;
    }
}

• 使用truffle编译和部署

• 给出一段测试代码base_dao.py

# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
from web3 import Web3, HTTPProvider
# from web3.contract import ConciseContract
import logging


class BaseEthDao(object):
    def __init__(self, http_addr=''):
        self.web3 = self.get_web3(http_addr)

    def get_web3(self, http_addr):
        if not http_addr:
            http_addr = 'http://localhost:8545'
        return Web3(HTTPProvider(http_addr))

    def to_check_addr(self, addr):
        return Web3.toChecksumAddress(addr)

    def check_addr(self, addr):
        return Web3.isChecksumAddress(addr)

    def get_balance(self, addr):
        try:
            balance = self.web3.eth.getBalance(addr)
            return 0, balance
        except Exception as e:
            return -1, str(e)

contract_dal.py

# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
from base_dao import BaseEthDao
from solc import compile_source


def compile_source_file(file_path):
    with open(file_path, 'rt') as f:
       source = f.read()
    return compile_source(source)


class ContractDal(BaseEthDao):
    def __init__(self, contract_addr="", abi="", http_addr=""):
        super().__init__(http_addr)
        self.addr = contract_addr
        self.abi = abi

    def set_addr(self, addr):
        self.addr = addr

    def set_abi(self, abi):
        self.abi = abi

    def get_contract_instance(self, addr="", abi=""):
        if not addr:
            addr = self.addr
        if not abi:
            abi = self.abi
        if not self.check_addr(addr):
            addr = self.to_check_addr(addr)
        try:
            contract_instance = self.web3.eth.contract(address=addr, abi=abi)
            return 0, contract_instance
        except Exception as e:
            return -1, str(e)

    def get_abi(self, sol_path):
        compiled_sol = compile_source_file(sol_path)
        contract_id, contract_interface = compiled_sol.popitem()
        return contract_interface["abi"]

    def compile_sol(self, file_path):
        compiled_sol = compile_source_file(file_path)
        contract_id, contract_interface = compiled_sol.popitem()
        return contract_id, contract_interface


if __name__ == "__main__":
    contract_dal = ContractDal()
    # addr是合约地址,在truffle部署之后的build文件中找到对应的json文件可以发现里面的address
    code, contract_instance = contract_dal.get_contract_instance(addr='0xd0021ccef861690cf2fbfadec87c10cb666c2719',
                                                                 abi=contract_dal.get_abi('./Greeter.sol'))
    print(contract_instance.functions.say().call())

• 运行上面代码

$ python3.6 install contract_dal.py

流程走通