目录
一、需求与需求分析
根据语音识别到的人名匹配应用内联系人并拨打电话。
经调研总结了以下几种常用的处理方法：
（1）pinyin4j(开源库)
（2）jpinyin(开源库)
（3）ASCII码映射
二、pinyin4j
支持多种拼音系统（简体和繁体），包括汉语拼音、通用拼音、威妥玛拼音、MPS2、耶鲁拼音和国语拼音。支持多种发音和自定义输出。
查看源码发现入参仅支持 char 类型。不太符合要求，继续寻找pinyin4j升级版=》jpinyin。
/**
* A class provides several utility functions to convert Chinese characters
* (both Simplified and Tranditional) into various Chinese Romanization
* representations
*
* @author Li Min (xmlerlimin@gmail.com)
*/
public class PinyinHelper {
/**
* Get all unformmatted Hanyu Pinyin presentations of a single Chinese
* character (both Simplified and Tranditional)
*
* <p>
* For example, <br/> If the input is '间', the return will be an array with
* two Hanyu Pinyin strings: <br/> "jian1" <br/> "jian4" <br/> <br/> If the
* input is '李', the return will be an array with single Hanyu Pinyin
* string: <br/> "li3"
*
* <p>
* <b>Special Note</b>: If the return is "none0", that means the input
* Chinese character exists in Unicode CJK talbe, however, it has no
* pronounciation in Chinese
*
* @param ch
* the given Chinese character
*
* @return a String array contains all unformmatted Hanyu Pinyin
* presentations with tone numbers; null for non-Chinese character
*
*/
static public String[] toHanyuPinyinStringArray(char ch) {
return getUnformattedHanyuPinyinStringArray(ch);
}
static public String[] toHanyuPinyinStringArray(char ch, HanyuPinyinOutputFormat outputFormat)
throws BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination {
return getFormattedHanyuPinyinStringArray(ch, outputFormat);
}
。。。。。。
/**
* Get all unformmatted Tongyong Pinyin presentations of a single Chinese
* character (both Simplified and Tranditional)
*
* @param ch
* the given Chinese character
*
* @return a String array contains all unformmatted Tongyong Pinyin
* presentations with tone numbers; null for non-Chinese character
*
* @see #toHanyuPinyinStringArray(char)
*
*/
static public String[] toTongyongPinyinStringArray(char ch) {
return convertToTargetPinyinStringArray(ch, PinyinRomanizationType.TONGYONG_PINYIN);
}
static public String toHanyuPinyinString(String str, HanyuPinyinOutputFormat outputFormat,
String seperater) throws BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination {
StringBuffer resultPinyinStrBuf = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
String mainPinyinStrOfChar = getFirstHanyuPinyinString(str.charAt(i), outputFormat);
if (null != mainPinyinStrOfChar) {
resultPinyinStrBuf.append(mainPinyinStrOfChar);
if (i != str.length() - 1) { // avoid appending at the end
resultPinyinStrBuf.append(seperater);
}
} else {
resultPinyinStrBuf.append(str.charAt(i));
}
}
return resultPinyinStrBuf.toString();
}
/**
* Get the first Hanyu Pinyin of a Chinese character <b> This function will
* be removed in next release. </b>
*
* @param ch
* The given Unicode character
* @param outputFormat
* Describes the desired format of returned Hanyu Pinyin string
* @return Return the first Hanyu Pinyin of given Chinese character; return
* null if the input is not a Chinese character
*
* @deprecated DO NOT use it again because the first retrived pinyin string
* may be a wrong pronouciation in a certain sentence context.
* <b> This function will be removed in next release. </b>
*/
static private String getFirstHanyuPinyinString(char ch, HanyuPinyinOutputFormat outputFormat)
throws BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination {
String[] pinyinStrArray = getFormattedHanyuPinyinStringArray(ch, outputFormat);
if ((null != pinyinStrArray) && (pinyinStrArray.length > 0)) {
return pinyinStrArray[0];
} else {
return null;
}
}
// ! Hidden constructor
private PinyinHelper() {}
}
三、jpinyin
JPinyin是一个汉字转拼音的Java开源类库，在PinYin4j的功能基础上做了一些改进。
3.1 JPinyin主要特性
1、准确、完善的字库；Unicode编码从4E00-9FA5范围及3007（〇）的20903个汉字中，JPinyin能转换除46个异体字（异体字不存在标准拼音）之外的所有汉字；
2、拼音转换速度快；经测试，转换Unicode编码从4E00-9FA5范围的20902个汉字，JPinyin耗时约100毫秒。
3、多拼音格式输出支持；JPinyin支持多种拼音输出格式：带音标、不带音标、数字表示音标以及拼音首字母输出格式；
4、常见多音字识别；JPinyin支持常见多音字的识别，其中包括词组、成语、地名等；
5、简繁体中文转换；
6、支持添加用户自定义字典；
3.2 集成
app/build.gradle
implementation 'com.github.stuxuhai:jpinyin:1.1.7'
3.3 使用及效果
var content:String = binding!!.etContent.text.toString()
//上海 重庆 重量 长安 长大
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(content)) {
// shànghǎi chóngqìng zhòngliàng chángān chángdà
PinyinHelper.convertToPinyinString(content, "", PinyinFormat.WITH_TONE_MARK)
// shang4hai3 chong2qing4 zhong4liang4 chang2an1 chang2da4
PinyinHelper.convertToPinyinString(content, "", PinyinFormat.WITH_TONE_NUMBER)
// shanghai chongqing zhongliang changan changda
PinyinHelper.convertToPinyinString(content, "", PinyinFormat.WITHOUT_TONE)
// sh cq zl ca cd
PinyinHelper.getShortPinyin(content)
}
重庆和重量识别到了 chóngqìng zhòngliàng。
长安和长大识别异常 changan changda。
这个识别效果就看产品评估一下能不能给过了？
四、ASCII码映射
优点：使用这个方法只需要一个类就可以搞定了，方便简单，无需添加依赖。
缺点：相对于之前介绍的两种开源库来说，这种方法没那么强大，只能获取一些简单的汉字拼音。
4.1 TextPinyinUtil工具类
package com.scc.pinyin
/**
* TextPinyinUtil
* @desc 汉字转拼音工具
* @date 2024/8/19
*/
class TextPinyinUtil {
private var buffer: StringBuilder? = null
// 汉字转成ASCII码
private fun getChsAscii(chs: String): Int {
var asc = 0
try {
val bytes = chs.toByteArray(charset("gbk"))
if (bytes == null || bytes.size > 2 || bytes.size <= 0) {
throw RuntimeException("illegal resource string")
}
if (bytes.size == 1) {
asc = bytes[0].toInt()
}
if (bytes.size == 2) {
val hightByte = 256 + bytes[0]
val lowByte = 256 + bytes[1]
asc = 256 * hightByte + lowByte - 256 * 256
}
} catch (e: Exception) {
println("ERROR:ChineseSpelling.class-getChsAscii(String chs)$e")
}
return asc
}
// 单字解析
fun convert(str: String): String? {
var result: String? = null
val ascii = getChsAscii(str)
if (ascii > 0 && ascii < 160) {
result = ascii.toChar().toString()
} else {
for (i in pyvalue.size - 1 downTo 0) {
if (pyvalue[i] <= ascii) {
result = pystr[i]
break
}
}
}
return result
}
// 词组解析
fun getPinyin(chs: String): String {
var key: String
var value: String?
buffer = StringBuilder()
for (i in 0 until chs.length) {
key = chs.substring(i, i + 1)
// 判断是否为汉字（汉字为两个以上字符）
if (key.toByteArray().size >= 2) {
value = convert(key)
if (value == null) {
value = "unknown"
}
} else {
value = key
}
buffer!!.append(value)
}
return buffer.toString()
}
companion object {
private val pyvalue = intArrayOf(
-20319,
-20317,
-20304,
-20295,
-20292,
-20283,
-20265,
-20257,
-20242,
-20230,
-20051,
-20036,
-20032,
-20026,
-20002,
-19990,
-19986,
-19982,
-19976,
-19805,
-19784,
-19775,
-19774,
-19763,
-19756,
-19751,
-19746,
-19741,
-19739,
-19728,
-19725,
-19715,
-19540,
-19531,
-19525,
-19515,
-19500,
-19484,
-19479,
-19467,
-19289,
-19288,
-19281,
-19275,
-19270,
-19263,
-19261,
-19249,
-19243,
-19242,
-19238,
-19235,
-19227,
-19224,
-19218,
-19212,
-19038,
-19023,
-19018,
-19006,
-19003,
-18996,
-18977,
-18961,
-18952,
-18783,
-18774,
-18773,
-18763,
-18756,
-18741,
-18735,
-18731,
-18722,
-18710,
-18697,
-18696,
-18526,
-18518,
-18501,
-18490,
-18478,
-18463,
-18448,
-18447,
-18446,
-18239,
-18237,
-18231,
-18220,
-18211,
-18201,
-18184,
-18183,
-18181,
-18012,
-17997,
-17988,
-17970,
-17964,
-17961,
-17950,
-17947,
-17931,
-17928,
-17922,
-17759,
-17752,
-17733,
-17730,
-17721,
-17703,
-17701,
-17697,
-17692,
-17683,
-17676,
-17496,
-17487,
-17482,
-17468,
-17454,
-17433,
-17427,
-17417,
-17202,
-17185,
-16983,
-16970,
-16942,
-16915,
-16733,
-16708,
-16706,
-16689,
-16664,
-16657,
-16647,
-16474,
-16470,
-16465,
-16459,
-16452,
-16448,
-16433,
-16429,
-16427,
-16423,
-16419,
-16412,
-16407,
-16403,
-16401,
-16393,
-16220,
-16216,
-16212,
-16205,
-16202,
-16187,
-16180,
-16171,
-16169,
-16158,
-16155,
-15959,
-15958,
-15944,
-15933,
-15920,
-15915,
-15903,
-15889,
-15878,
-15707,
-15701,
-15681,
-15667,
-15661,
-15659,
-15652,
-15640,
-15631,
-15625,
-15454,
-15448,
-15436,
-15435,
-15419,
-15416,
-15408,
-15394,
-15385,
-15377,
-15375,
-15369,
-15363,
-15362,
-15183,
-15180,
-15165,
-15158,
-15153,
-15150,
-15149,
-15144,
-15143,
-15141,
-15140,
-15139,
-15128,
-15121,
-15119,
-15117,
-15110,
-15109,
-14941,
-14937,
-14933,
-14930,
-14929,
-14928,
-14926,
-14922,
-14921,
-14914,
-14908,
-14902,
-14894,
-14889,
-14882,
-14873,
-14871,
-14857,
-14678,
-14674,
-14670,
-14668,
-14663,
-14654,
-14645,
-14630,
-14594,
-14429,
-14407,
-14399,
-14384,
-14379,
-14368,
-14355,
-14353,
-14345,
-14170,
-14159,
-14151,
-14149,
-14145,
-14140,
-14137,
-14135,
-14125,
-14123,
-14122,
-14112,
-14109,
-14099,
-14097,
-14094,
-14092,
-14090,
-14087,
-14083,
-13917,
-13914,
-13910,
-13907,
-13906,
-13905,
-13896,
-13894,
-13878,
-13870,
-13859,
-13847,
-13831,
-13658,
-13611,
-13601,
-13406,
-13404,
-13400,
-13398,
-13395,
-13391,
-13387,
-13383,
-13367,
-13359,
-13356,
-13343,
-13340,
-13329,
-13326,
-13318,
-13147,
-13138,
-13120,
-13107,
-13096,
-13095,
-13091,
-13076,
-13068,
-13063,
-13060,
-12888,
-12875,
-12871,
-12860,
-12858,
-12852,
-12849,
-12838,
-12831,
-12829,
-12812,
-12802,
-12607,
-12597,
-12594,
-12585,
-12556,
-12359,
-12346,
-12320,
-12300,
-12120,
-12099,
-12089,
-12074,
-12067,
-12058,
-12039,
-11867,
-11861,
-11847,
-11831,
-11798,
-11781,
-11604,
-11589,
-11536,
-11358,
-11340,
-11339,
-11324,
-11303,
-11097,
-11077,
-11067,
-11055,
-11052,
-11045,
-11041,
-11038,
-11024,
-11020,
-11019,
-11018,
-11014,
-10838,
-10832,
-10815,
-10800,
-10790,
-10780,
-10764,
-10587,
-10544,
-10533,
-10519,
-10331,
-10329,
-10328,
-10322,
-10315,
-10309,
-10307,
-10296,
-10281,
-10274,
-10270,
-10262,
-10260,
-10256,
-10254
)
private val pystr = arrayOf(
"a",
"ai",
"an",
"ang",
"ao",
"ba",
"bai",
"ban",
"bang",
"bao",
"bei",
"ben",
"beng",
"bi",
"bian",
"biao",
"bie",
"bin",
"bing",
"bo",
"bu",
"ca",
"cai",
"can",
"cang",
"cao",
"ce",
"ceng",
"cha",
"chai",
"chan",
"chang",
"chao",
"che",
"chen",
"cheng",
"chi",
"chong",
"chou",
"chu",
"chuai",
"chuan",
"chuang",
"chui",
"chun",
"chuo",
"ci",
"cong",
"cou",
"cu",
"cuan",
"cui",
"cun",
"cuo",
"da",
"dai",
"dan",
"dang",
"dao",
"de",
"deng",
"di",
"dian",
"diao",
"die",
"ding",
"diu",
"dong",
"dou",
"du",
"duan",
"dui",
"dun",
"duo",
"e",
"en",
"er",
"fa",
"fan",
"fang",
"fei",
"fen",
"feng",
"fo",
"fou",
"fu",
"ga",
"gai",
"gan",
"gang",
"gao",
"ge",
"gei",
"gen",
"geng",
"gong",
"gou",
"gu",
"gua",
"guai",
"guan",
"guang",
"gui",
"gun",
"guo",
"ha",
"hai",
"han",
"hang",
"hao",
"he",
"hei",
"hen",
"heng",
"hong",
"hou",
"hu",
"hua",
"huai",
"huan",
"huang",
"hui",
"hun",
"huo",
"ji",
"jia",
"jian",
"jiang",
"jiao",
"jie",
"jin",
"jing",
"jiong",
"jiu",
"ju",
"juan",
"jue",
"jun",
"ka",
"kai",
"kan",
"kang",
"kao",
"ke",
"ken",
"keng",
"kong",
"kou",
"ku",
"kua",
"kuai",
"kuan",
"kuang",
"kui",
"kun",
"kuo",
"la",
"lai",
"lan",
"lang",
"lao",
"le",
"lei",
"leng",
"li",
"lia",
"lian",
"liang",
"liao",
"lie",
"lin",
"ling",
"liu",
"long",
"lou",
"lu",
"lv",
"luan",
"lue",
"lun",
"luo",
"ma",
"mai",
"man",
"mang",
"mao",
"me",
"mei",
"men",
"meng",
"mi",
"mian",
"miao",
"mie",
"min",
"ming",
"miu",
"mo",
"mou",
"mu",
"na",
"nai",
"nan",
"nang",
"nao",
"ne",
"nei",
"nen",
"neng",
"ni",
"nian",
"niang",
"niao",
"nie",
"nin",
"ning",
"niu",
"nong",
"nu",
"nv",
"nuan",
"nue",
"nuo",
"o",
"ou",
"pa",
"pai",
"pan",
"pang",
"pao",
"pei",
"pen",
"peng",
"pi",
"pian",
"piao",
"pie",
"pin",
"ping",
"po",
"pu",
"qi",
"qia",
"qian",
"qiang",
"qiao",
"qie",
"qin",
"qing",
"qiong",
"qiu",
"qu",
"quan",
"que",
"qun",
"ran",
"rang",
"rao",
"re",
"ren",
"reng",
"ri",
"rong",
"rou",
"ru",
"ruan",
"rui",
"run",
"ruo",
"sa",
"sai",
"san",
"sang",
"sao",
"se",
"sen",
"seng",
"sha",
"shai",
"shan",
"shang",
"shao",
"she",
"shen",
"sheng",
"shi",
"shou",
"shu",
"shua",
"shuai",
"shuan",
"shuang",
"shui",
"shun",
"shuo",
"si",
"song",
"sou",
"su",
"suan",
"sui",
"sun",
"suo",
"ta",
"tai",
"tan",
"tang",
"tao",
"te",
"teng",
"ti",
"tian",
"tiao",
"tie",
"ting",
"tong",
"tou",
"tu",
"tuan",
"tui",
"tun",
"tuo",
"wa",
"wai",
"wan",
"wang",
"wei",
"wen",
"weng",
"wo",
"wu",
"xi",
"xia",
"xian",
"xiang",
"xiao",
"xie",
"xin",
"xing",
"xiong",
"xiu",
"xu",
"xuan",
"xue",
"xun",
"ya",
"yan",
"yang",
"yao",
"ye",
"yi",
"yin",
"ying",
"yo",
"yong",
"you",
"yu",
"yuan",
"yue",
"yun",
"za",
"zai",
"zan",
"zang",
"zao",
"ze",
"zei",
"zen",
"zeng",
"zha",
"zhai",
"zhan",
"zhang",
"zhao",
"zhe",
"zhen",
"zheng",
"zhi",
"zhong",
"zhou",
"zhu",
"zhua",
"zhuai",
"zhuan",
"zhuang",
"zhui",
"zhun",
"zhuo",
"zi",
"zong",
"zou",
"zu",
"zuan",
"zui",
"zun",
"zuo"
)
val instance = TextPinyinUtil()
/**
* 判断是否为中文
* @param text 内容
* @return true=中文
*/
fun isChinaString(text: String): Boolean {
for (i in 0 until text.length) {
val c = text[i]
if (c.code >= 0x4e00 && c.code <= 0x9fbb) {
return true
}
}
return false
}
}
}4.2 使用及效果
//上海 重庆 重量 长安 长大
//shanghai zhongqing zhongliang changan changda
TextPinyinUtil.instance.getPinyin(content)
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