linux /bin目录

/bin

The bin directory contains several useful commands that are of use to both the system administrator as well as non-privileged users. It usually contains the shells like bash, csh, etc and commonly used commands like cp, mv, rm, cat, ls. For this reason and in contrast to /usr/bin, the binaries in this directory are considered to be essential. The reason for this is that it contains essential system programs that must be available even if only the partition containing / is mounted. This situation may arise should you need to repair other partitions but have no access to shared directories. It also contains programs which boot scripts may depend on.

Compliance to the FSSTND means that there are no subdirectories in /bin and that the following commands, or symbolic links to commands, are located there.

cat    Utility to concatenate files to standard output

chgrp    Utility to change file group ownership

chmod    Utility to change file access permissions

chown    Utility to change file owner and group

cp    Utility to copy files and directories

date    Utility to print or set the system data and time

dd    Utility to convert and copy a file

df    Utility to report filesystem disk space usage

dmesg    Utility to print or control the kernel message buffer

echo    Utility to display a line of text

false    Utility to do nothing, unsuccessfully

hostname    Utility to show or set the system's host name

kill    Utility to send signals to processes

ln    Utility to make links between files

login    Utility to begin a session on the system

ls    Utility to list directory contents

mkdir    Utility to make directories

mknod    Utility to make block or character special files

more    Utility to page through text

mount    Utility to mount a filesystem

mv    Utility to move/rename files

ps    Utility to report process status

pwd    Utility to print name of current working directory

rm    Utility to remove files or directories

rmdir    Utility to remove empty directories

sed    The `sed' stream editor

sh    The Bourne command shell

stty    Utility to change and print terminal line settings

su    Utility to change user ID

sync    Utility to flush filesystem buffers

true    Utility to do nothing, successfully

umount    Utility to unmount file systems

uname    Utility to print system information

The following programs, or symbolic links to programs, must be in /bin if the corresponding subsystem is installed:

csh    The C shell (optional)

ed    The `ed' editor (optional)

tar    The tar archiving utility (optional)

cpio    The cpio archiving utility (optional)

gzip    The GNU compression utility (optional)

gunzip    The GNU uncompression utility (optional)

zcat    The GNU uncompression utility (optional)

netstat    The network statistics utility (optional)

ping    The ICMP network test utility (optional)