RxJava笔记2：线程控制

最新推荐文章于 2023-02-21 15:17:32 发布

ganduwei

最新推荐文章于 2023-02-21 15:17:32 发布

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分类专栏： android

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/ganduwei/article/details/91185654

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基本概念

默认情况下，上游和下游都在创建时所在的线程中工作，比如在Activity中创建的，那它们就在主线程中。Android中不能在主线程执行耗时操作，不然会造成应用的卡顿或发生ANR。比如上游需要从服务器请求数据，或者从数据库查询大量数据，完成后发布结果事件，下游根据接受的事件来显示界面，这时就需要控制上游和下游的线程了。

subscribeOn用于指定上游的线程；

public final Observable<T> subscribeOn(Scheduler scheduler)

observeOn用于指定下游的线程；

public final Observable<T> observeOn(Scheduler scheduler)

两个方法都接受调度器 Scheduler 参数，Scheduler 提供了不同的线程：
Schedulers. io() 代表io操作的线程
Schedulers.computation() 代表CPU计算密集型的操作
Schedulers.newThread() 代表一个常规的新线程
AndroidSchedulers.mainThread() 代表Android的主线程

如果只指定上游线程，不指定下游线程，下游线程和上游线程一样。

//Activity的onCreate方法
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    Observable.create(new ObservableOnSubscribe<Object>() {
        @Override
        public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<Object> e) throws Exception {
            System.out.println("emit 1 thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
            e.onNext(1);
            e.onComplete();
        }
    }).subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
            .subscribe(new Observer<Object>() {
                @Override
                public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
                    System.out.println("A onSubscribe thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }
                @Override
                public void onNext(Object o) {
                    System.out.println("A onNext o " + o + " thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }
                @Override
                public void onError(Throwable e) {
                    System.out.println("A onError" + e + " thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }
                @Override
                public void onComplete() {
                    System.out.println("A onComplete thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }
            });
}
//打印结果
System.out: A onSubscribe thread main
System.out: emit 1 thread RxCachedThreadScheduler-1
System.out: A onNext o 1 thread RxCachedThreadScheduler-1//与上游线程相同
System.out: A onComplete thread RxCachedThreadScheduler-1

如果只指定下游线程，不指定上游线程，上游线程为当前线程。

//Activity的onCreate方法
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    Observable.create(new ObservableOnSubscribe<Object>() {
        @Override
        public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<Object> e) throws Exception {
            System.out.println("emit 1 thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
            e.onNext(1);
            e.onComplete();
        }
    }).observeOn(Schedulers.io())
            .subscribe(new Observer<Object>() {
                @Override
                public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
                    System.out.println("A onSubscribe thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }
                @Override
                public void onNext(Object o) {
                    System.out.println("A onNext o " + o + " thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }
                @Override
                public void onError(Throwable e) {
                    System.out.println("A onError" + e + " thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }
                @Override
                public void onComplete() {
                    System.out.println("A onComplete thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }
            });
}
//打印结果
System.out: A onSubscribe thread main
System.out: emit 1 thread main  //上游线程为当前主线程
System.out: A onNext o 1 thread RxCachedThreadScheduler-1
System.out: A onComplete thread RxCachedThreadScheduler-1

从上面测试结果可以发现，无论上游和下游指定什么线程，onSubscribe方法的线程始终是执行订阅操作所在的主线程，也就是我们虽然可以指定上游下游的线程，但是却无法指定onSubscribe方法的线程。假如订阅操作不是在主线程，我需要在 onSubscribe 时通知界面，就会很难受。所幸，RxJava 提供了doOnSubsricbe 方法，该方法也是在订阅时调用（如果上游下游同一线程onSubscribe 比onSubscribe 调用早，否则不是），并且我们可以指定它的执行线程，通过subscribeOn来指定。

//Activity的onCreate方法
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    Observable.create(new ObservableOnSubscribe<Object>() {
        @Override
        public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<Object> e) throws Exception {
            System.out.println("emit 1 thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
            e.onNext(1);
            e.onComplete();
        }
    }).doOnSubscribe(new Consumer<Disposable>() {
        @Override
        public void accept(Disposable disposable) throws Exception {
            System.out.println("doOnSubscribe thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
        }
    }).subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
            .observeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
            .subscribe(new Observer<Object>() {
                @Override
                public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
                    System.out.println("A onSubscribe thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }
                @Override
                public void onNext(Object o) {
                    System.out.println("A onNext o " + o + " thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }
                @Override
                public void onError(Throwable e) {
                    System.out.println("A onError" + e + " thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }
                @Override
                public void onComplete() {
                    System.out.println("A onComplete thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }
            });
}
//打印结果
System.out: A onSubscribe thread main
System.out: doOnSubscribe thread RxNewThreadScheduler-1//doOnSubscribe 在指定的线程中
System.out: emit 1 thread RxNewThreadScheduler-1
System.out: A onNext o 1 thread RxNewThreadScheduler-2
System.out: A onComplete thread RxNewThreadScheduler-2

subscribeOn作用范围是从它开始往上，如果多次调用subscribeOn，上游的线程为从下往上，离它最近的那个subscribeOn指定的线程

Observable.create(new ObservableOnSubscribe<Object>() {
    @Override
    public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<Object> e) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("emit 1 thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
        e.onNext(1);
        e.onComplete();
    }
}).subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())// subscribeOn 1
        .doOnSubscribe(new Consumer<Disposable>() {
            @Override
            public void accept(Disposable disposable) throws Exception {
                System.out.println("doOnSubscribe thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }
        })
        .doOnNext(new Consumer<Object>() {
            @Override
            public void accept(Object o) throws Exception {
                System.out.println("doOnNext o " + o + " thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }
        })
        .subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())// subscribeOn 2
        .subscribeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())// subscribeOn 3
        .observeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
        .subscribe(new Observer<Object>() {
            @Override
            public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
                System.out.println("A onSubscribe thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }
            @Override
            public void onNext(Object o) {
                System.out.println("A onNext o " + o + " thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }
            @Override
            public void onError(Throwable e) {
                System.out.println("A onError" + e + " thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }
            @Override
            public void onComplete() {
                System.out.println("A onComplete thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }
        });
//打印结果
System.out: A onSubscribe thread main
System.out: doOnSubscribe thread RxNewThreadScheduler-1
System.out: emit 1 thread RxNewThreadScheduler-2
System.out: doOnNext o 1 thread RxNewThreadScheduler-2
System.out: A onNext o 1 thread RxNewThreadScheduler-3
System.out: A onComplete thread RxNewThreadScheduler-3

subscribeOn 1 控制发布事件的线程，subscribeOn 2 控制 doOnSubscribe 的线程，subscribeOn 3 是多余的。
另外除了 doOnSubscribe 以外，还有对应的 doOnNext，doOnComplete，doOnError，这三个方法的线程始终与发布事件的线程相同。

observeOn作用范围是从它开始往下，如果多次调用 observeOn，下游的线程为从上往下，离它最近的那个 observeOn 指定的线程

Observable.create(new ObservableOnSubscribe<String>() {
    @Override
    public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<String> e) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("emit 1 thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
        e.onNext("friend");
        e.onComplete();
    }
}).subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
        .observeOn(Schedulers.newThread())// observeOn 1
        .map(new Function<String, Integer>() {
            @Override
            public Integer apply(String o) throws Exception {
                System.out.println("map thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
                return 10;
            }
        })
        .observeOn(Schedulers.newThread())// observeOn 2
        .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())// observeOn 3
        .subscribe(new Observer<Integer>() {
            @Override
            public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
                System.out.println("A onSubscribe thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }
            @Override
            public void onNext(Integer o) {
                System.out.println("A onNext o " + o + " thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName()
            }
            @Override
            public void onError(Throwable e) {
                System.out.println("A onError" + e + " thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }
            @Override
            public void onComplete() {
                System.out.println("A onComplete thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }
        });
//打印结果
System.out: A onSubscribe thread main
System.out: emit 1 thread RxNewThreadScheduler-1
System.out: map thread RxNewThreadScheduler-2
System.out: A onNext o 10 thread main
System.out: A onComplete thread main