爬虫过程代码

from urllib import request,parse
from urllib.error import HTTPError,URLError

def get(url,headers=None):
    return urlrequests(url,headers=headers)

def post(url,form,headers=None):
    return urlrequests(url,form,headers=headers)

#1.传入url
#2.user_agent
#3.headers
#4.定义Request
#5.urlopen
#6.返回byte数组
def urlrequests(url,form=None,headers=None):
    user_agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
    # 如果用户需要自行传入headers, 则覆盖之前的headers
    if headers == None:
        headers = {
            'User-Agent':user_agent
        }
    html_bytes = b''
    try:
        if form:
            #POST
            #转化成str
            form_str = parse.urlencode('utf-8')
            req = request.Request(url,data=form_bytes,headers=headers)
        else:
            #GET
            req = request.Request(url,headers=headers)
        response = request.urlopen(req)
        html_bytes = response.read()
    except HTTPError as e:
        print(e)
    except URLError as e:
        print(e)

    return html_bytes

if __name__ == '__main__':
    #url = 'http://fanyi.baidu.com/sug'
    # form = {
    #     'kw': '呵呵'
    # }
    # html_bytes = post(url, form=form)
    # print(html_bytes)

    url = 'http://www.baidu.com'
    html_bytes = get(url)
    print(html_bytes)