一、开发环境及工具
- jdk:1.8
- spring boot:2.0.4
- spring cloud:Finchley.SR1
- idea:2018
二、步骤
1.创建eurekaserver
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.qst</groupId>
<artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>eureka-server</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.7</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
(2)配置eurekaserver的application.yml文件
server:
port: 8761
eureka:
instance:
hostname: eureka-server
client:
fetch-registry: false
register-with-eureka: false
service-url:
serviceUrl: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
(3)在eurekaserver的主配置类上添加@EnableEurekaServer注解
package com.qst.eurekaserver;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaServerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
}
}
注册中心启动成功后,访问界面如下
2.创建provider
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.qst</groupId>
<artifactId>provider</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>provider</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--引入返回json字符串的支持 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.8</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
(2)配置provider的appliction.yml文件
server:
port: 8001
eureka:
instance:
prefer-ip-address: true
client:
service-url:
serviceUrl: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
spring:
application:
name: provider
(3)创建provider的user实体类
public class User implements Serializable {
private String name;
public User(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public User() {
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
(4)创建provider的controller
@RestController
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/provider", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public User changeUser(@RequestBody User user) {
System.out.println(user.toString());
user.setName("津津");
return user;
}
}
3.创建consumer
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.qst</groupId>
<artifactId>consumer</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>consumer</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--引入返回json字符串的支持 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.8</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
(2)配置consumer的application.yml文件
spring:
application:
name: consumer
server:
port: 8200
eureka:
instance:
prefer-ip-address: true
client:
service-url:
serviceUrl: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
(3)配置consumer的RestTemplate配置文件
@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
@Bean
@LoadBalanced //负载均衡
RestTemplate restTemplate(){
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters = restTemplate.getMessageConverters();
//添加上GSON的转换器
//messageConverters.add(7, new GsonHttpMessageConverter());
return restTemplate;
}
//
}
(4)在consumer的主配置类上添加@EnableDiscoveryClient注解
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerUserApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConsumerUserApplication.class, args);
}
}
(5)创建consumer的实体类user(一定要添加属性的set方法!!!—> 反射中根据set方法为私有属性赋值 )
public class User implements Serializable {
private String name;
public User(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public User() {
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
(6)创建consumer的controller方法
@RestController
public class UserController {
@Autowired
RestTemplate restTemplate;
@GetMapping("/getUser")
public User getUser() {
User user = new User("津少");
User newUser= restTemplate.postForObject("http://PROVIDER/provider", user, User.class);
return newUser;
}
}
4.测试
启动eurekaserver -----> 启动provider -----> 启动consumer -----> 在浏览器上输入localhost:8200/getUser ------> 观察provider的控制台和网页显示的结果
gaoshan个人解释:
1、consumer的controller方法中的地址http://PROVIDER/provider说明
- 第一个PROVIDER主要取决于服务提供者注册服务时所指定的名字。两个名字一致即可。如果有小写,需要转成大写。
- 第二个provider,取决于url地址,两者严格匹配
2、eurekaserver作用
这个是服务注册与发现使用的,服务注册者启动后,会向eurekaserver注册服务。服务调用者启动后,会去eurekaserver获取可用服务列表。三者之间,有数据通信,及时变更服务列表情况。例如,又注册了一个服务提供者,那么注册中心会把新的服务提供者列表同步到调用者处。
eurekaserver启动后,服务注册者和服务调用者都启动完成。后续运行中,即使eurekaserver挂掉,服务调用者,还是可以成功调用服务提供者的服务的,因为调用者处,存有服务提供者的信息。