首先git使用:http://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/0013739516305929606dd18361248578c67b8067c8c017b000
参考链接:http://blog.csdn.net/kesalin/article/details/6943770
http://blog.csdn.net/boy15174/article/details/8645320
1,在用作服务器的机器 Server 上创建 git 账户。我们可以通过 System Preferences->accounts 来添加。在这里我添加一个 git 的 administrator 账户,administrator 不是必须的,在这里仅仅 为了方便 。
logout 当前账户,使用 git 账户登录; 在 System Preferences->Sharing 中,勾选:Web Sharing 和 Remote Logig。
二,下载安装 gitosis
1,Mac Snow默认已经为我们安装了 Git 和 Python,可以使用如下命令查看其版本信息:
yourname:~ git$
git
--
version
git version 1.7. 3.4
yourname:~ git$ python -- version
Python 2.6. 1
git version 1.7. 3.4
yourname:~ git$ python -- version
Python 2.6. 1
2,通过命令 " git clone git://eagain.net/gitosis.git" 来下载 gitosis
yourname:~ git$
git clone git://github.com/res0nat0r/gitosis.git
Cloning into gitosis
remote: Counting objects: 614 , done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100 % ( 183 / 183 ), done.
remote: Total 614 (delta 434 ), reused 594 (delta 422 )
Receiving objects: 100 % ( 614 / 614 ), 93.82 KiB | 45 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100 % ( 434 / 434 ), done.
Cloning into gitosis
remote: Counting objects: 614 , done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100 % ( 183 / 183 ), done.
remote: Total 614 (delta 434 ), reused 594 (delta 422 )
Receiving objects: 100 % ( 614 / 614 ), 93.82 KiB | 45 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100 % ( 434 / 434 ), done.
3,进入 gitosis 目录,使用命令 "sudo python setup.py install" 来 执行 python 脚本 来安装 gitosis。
yourname:~ git$
cd gitosis
/
yourname:gitosis git$ sudo python setup . py install
running install
running bdist_egg
running egg_info
creating gitosis.egg-info
……
Using /Library/Python/ 2.6/site-packages/setuptools- 0.6c9-py2. 6.egg
Finished processing dependencies for gitosis== 0.2
yourname:gitosis git$ sudo python setup . py install
running install
running bdist_egg
running egg_info
creating gitosis.egg-info
……
Using /Library/Python/ 2.6/site-packages/setuptools- 0.6c9-py2. 6.egg
Finished processing dependencies for gitosis== 0.2
这里注意 因为创建了普通权限的账户,所以无法使用sudo命令,使用时会报“xxx is not in the sudoers file.This incident will be reported.”错误
先在服务器远程管理选择 任何人 然后
使用 sudo su -
参考:http://dev.son1c.com/show/1301.html
1,回到 client 机器上,制作 ssh 公钥。在这里我的使用同一台机器上的另一个账户作为 client 。如果作为 client 的机器与作为 server 的机器不是同一台,也是类型的流程:制作公钥,放置到服务的 /tmp 目录下。只不过在同一台机器上,我们可以通过开启另一个 terminal,使用 su 切换到 local 账户就可以同时操作两个账户。
yourname:~ git$
su local_account
Password:
bash- 3.2$ cd ~
bash- 3.2$ ssh - keygen - t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/Users/local_account/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /Users/local_account/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /Users/local_account/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
bash- 3.2$ cd . ssh
bash- 3.2$ ls
id_rsa id_rsa.pub
bash- 3.2$ cp id_rsa . pub / tmp / yourame . pub
Password:
bash- 3.2$ cd ~
bash- 3.2$ ssh - keygen - t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/Users/local_account/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /Users/local_account/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /Users/local_account/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
bash- 3.2$ cd . ssh
bash- 3.2$ ls
id_rsa id_rsa.pub
bash- 3.2$ cp id_rsa . pub / tmp / yourame . pub
在上面的命令里,首先通过 su 切换到 local 账户(只有在同一台机器上才有效),然后进入到 local 账户的 home 目录,使用 ssh-keygen -t rsa 生成 id_rsa.pub,最后将该文件拷贝放置到 /tmp/yourname.pub,这样 git 账户就可以访问 yourname.pub了,在这里改名是为了便于在 git 中辨识多个 client。
四,使用 ssh 公钥初始化 gitosis
1,不论你是以那种方式(邮件,usb等等)拷贝 yourname.pub 至服务器的 /tmp/yourname.pub。下面的流程都是一样,登入服务器机器的 git 账户,进入先前提到 gitosis 目录,进行如下操作初始化 gitosis,初始化完成后,会在 git 的 home 下创建 repositories 目录。
yourname:gitosis git$
sudo
-
H
-
u git gitosis
-
init
<
/
tmp
/
yourname
.
pub
Initialized empty Git repository in /Users/git/repositories/gitosis-admin.git/
Reinitialized existing Git repository in /Users/git/repositories/gitosis-admin.git/
Initialized empty Git repository in /Users/git/repositories/gitosis-admin.git/
Reinitialized existing Git repository in /Users/git/repositories/gitosis-admin.git/
在这里,会将该 client 当做认证受信任的账户,因此在 Git 的 home 目录下会有记录,文件 authorized_keys 的内容与 yourname.pub 差不多。
yourname:~ git$
cd
~
yourname:~ git$ cd . ssh
yourname:.ssh git$ ls
authorized_keys
yourname:~ git$ cd . ssh
yourname:.ssh git$ ls
authorized_keys
我们需要将 authorizd_keys 稍做修改,用文本编辑器打开它,删除里面的" command="gitosis-serve yourname",no-port-forwarding,no-X11-forwarding,no-agent-forwarding,no-pty " 这一行:
yourname:.ssh git$
open
-
e authorized_keys
然后,我们对 post-update 赋予可写权限,以便 client 端可以提交更改。
yourname:gitosis git$
sudo
chmod
755
/
Users
/
git
/
repositories
//
gitosis
-
admin
.
git
/
hooks
/
post
-
update
Password:
yourname:.ssh git$ cd ~
yourname:~ git$ cd repositories /
yourname:repositories git$ ls
gitosis-admin.git
yourname:repositories git$
Password:
yourname:.ssh git$ cd ~
yourname:~ git$ cd repositories /
yourname:repositories git$ ls
gitosis-admin.git
yourname:repositories git$
在上面的命令中可以看到,gitosis 也是作为仓库的形式给出,我们可以在其他账户下 checkout,然后对 gitosis 进行配置管理等等,而无需使用服务器的 git 账户进行。
最后一步,修改 git 账户的 PATH 路径。
yourname:gitosis git$
touch
~/.
bashrc
yourname:gitosis git$ echo PATH =/ usr / local / bin :/ usr / local / git / bin :\ $PATH > . bashrc
yourname:gitosis git$ echo export PATH >> . bashrc
yourname:gitosis git$ cat . bashrc
PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/git/bin:$PATH
export PATH
yourname:gitosis git$ echo PATH =/ usr / local / bin :/ usr / local / git / bin :\ $PATH > . bashrc
yourname:gitosis git$ echo export PATH >> . bashrc
yourname:gitosis git$ cat . bashrc
PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/git/bin:$PATH
export PATH
至此,服务器的配置完成。
五,client 配置
1,回到 local 账户,首先在 terminal 输入如下命令修改 local 的 git 配置:
bash
-
3.2
$
git config
--
global user
.name
"yourgitname"
bash- 3.2$ git config -- global user . email " yourmail@yourcom.com "
bash- 3.2$ git config -- global user . email " yourmail@yourcom.com "
2,测试服务器是否连接正确,将 10.1.4.211 换成你服务的名称或服务器地址即可。
yourname:~ local_account$
ssh git@
10.1
.
4.211
Last login: Mon Nov 7 13:11:38 2011 from 10.1.4.211
Last login: Mon Nov 7 13:11:38 2011 from 10.1.4.211
3,在本地 clone 服务器仓库,下面以 gitosis-admin.git 为例:
bash-
3.2$
git clone git@
10.1
.
4.211
:
repositories
/
gitosis
-
admin
.
git
Cloning into gitosis-admin
remote: Counting objects: 5, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% ( 5/ 5), done.
remote: Total 5 (delta 0), reused 5 (delta 0)
Receiving objects: 100% ( 5/ 5), done.
bash- 3.2$ ls
Desktop InstallApp Music Sites
Documents Library Pictures gitosis - admin
Downloads Movies Public
bash- 3.2$ git
Cloning into gitosis-admin
remote: Counting objects: 5, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% ( 5/ 5), done.
remote: Total 5 (delta 0), reused 5 (delta 0)
Receiving objects: 100% ( 5/ 5), done.
bash- 3.2$ ls
Desktop InstallApp Music Sites
Documents Library Pictures gitosis - admin
Downloads Movies Public
bash- 3.2$ git
在上面的输出中可以看到,我们已经成功 clone 服务器的 gitosis-admin 仓库至本地了。
4,在本地管理 gitosis-admin:
进入 gitosis-admin 目录,我们来查看一下其目录结构:gitosis.conf 文件是一个配置文件,里面定义哪些用户可以访问哪些仓库,我们可以修改这个配置;keydir 是存放ssh 公钥的地方。
bash-
3.2$
cd gitosis
-
admin
/
bash- 3.2$ ls
gitosis.conf keydir
bash- 3.2$ cd keydir /
bash- 3.2$ ls
yourname.pub
bash- 3.2$ ls
gitosis.conf keydir
bash- 3.2$ cd keydir /
bash- 3.2$ ls
yourname.pub
到这里说明我们已经创建好了,接下来就要根据自己的需求来创建仓库添加其他机器了。
在服务器 终端进入到
repositories目录
- cd ~
- cd repositories
- mkdir test.git
- cd test.git
- git --bare init
我是使用的
source tree 直接添加仓库把--通过url克隆--填写url :git@10.1.4.211:repositories/test.git 填进去后点击下面的单元格自动填充,点击克隆即可。