实例:
public class ReentrantReadWriteLockTest {
private static ReentrantReadWriteLock lock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
//private static ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
private static ReadLock readLock = lock.readLock();
private static WriteLock writeLock = lock.writeLock();
private static Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<String,String>();
//减数门栓,减为零后就不计算了
private static CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(102);
//周期循环的屏障。加到102后,从0开始计算
private static CyclicBarrier barrier = new CyclicBarrier(102);
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException{
long beginTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i = 0 ; i < 100 ; i++){
new Thread(new ReadThread()).start();
}
for(int i = 0 ; i < 2 ; i++){
new Thread(new WriteThread()).start();
}
latch.await();
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("一共使用了" + (endTime-beginTime) + "ms");
}
static class WriteThread implements Runnable{
public void run(){
try {
//相当于把所用读写线程放到同一水平线上在开始真正的计算
barrier.await();
}
catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
//加在对象上的锁
writeLock.lock();
//lock.lock();
map.put("1", "2");
Thread.sleep(100); }
catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
finally{
writeLock.unlock();
//lock.unlock();
}
//latch把计数加一
latch.countDown();
}
}
static class ReadThread implements Runnable{
public void run(){
try {
//相当于把所用读写线程放到同一水平线上在开始真正的计算
barrier.await();
}
catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
//加在ReentrantReadWriteLockTest对象上的锁
readLock.lock();
//lock.lock();
//System.out.println(this.toString());
map.get("1");
Thread.sleep(100); }
catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
finally{
readLock.unlock();
//lock.unlock();
}
latch.countDown();
}
}
}
注意:
1)读锁和写锁就是一个锁的不同视图,所以他和ReentrantLock类似都有可重入的语义。
2)同一个线程实现获得读锁的时候,再次想获取写锁的话,就会产生死锁,那么叫做不可升级。
3)同一个线程实现获得写锁的时候,可以再次获取读锁的话(lock.lock),不会产生死锁,但是在最后写锁的释放就会把当前锁降级为读锁。
4)在读多写少的情况下,性能回避ReentrantLock这样的硬性加锁性能有很大的提升,不然的话性能就会低,因为读写锁的实现更为复杂。