分布式搜索Elasticsearch——QueryBuilders.multiMatchQuery

        注：该文项目基础为分布式搜索Elasticsearch——项目过程（一）和分布式搜索Elasticsearch——项目过程（二），项目骨架可至这里下载。

        ES中对multiMatchQuery的描述如下所示：

    /**
     * Creates a match query with type "BOOLEAN" for the provided field name and text.
     *
     * @param fieldNames The field names.
     * @param text The query text (to be analyzed).
     */
    public static MultiMatchQueryBuilder multiMatchQuery(Object text, String... fieldNames) {
        return new MultiMatchQueryBuilder(text, fieldNames); // BOOLEAN is the default
    }

        相对于matchQuery，multiMatchQuery针对的是多个fi eld，也就是说，当multiMatchQuery中，fieldNames参数只有一个时，其作用与matchQuery相当；而当fieldNames有多个参数时，如field1和field2，那查询的结果中，要么field1中包含text，要么field2中包含text。

        示例代码如下所示：

/**
 * @author Geloin
 */
package com.geloin.esample.util;

import java.util.UUID;

import junit.framework.Assert;

import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequestBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHit;
import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHits;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.geloin.esample.BaseTest;
import com.geloin.esample.entity.Person;

/**
 * @author Geloin
 * 
 */
public class MultiMatchQueryTest extends BaseTest {

	@Test
	public void multiMatchQueryTest() {
		try {
			// 创建索引
			BulkRequestBuilder builder = client.prepareBulk();

			for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
				Person p = new Person();
				p.setId(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
				p.setAge(20);
				p.setIsStudent(false);
				p.setSex("男");
				p.setName("小别克听老别克讲别克的故事");

				String source = ElasticSearchUtil.BeanToJson(p);

				IndexRequest request = client
						.prepareIndex(index, type, p.getId()).setSource(source)
						.request();

				builder.add(request);
			}

			for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
				Person p = new Person();
				p.setId(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
				p.setAge(20);
				p.setIsStudent(false);
				p.setSex("男装别克");
				p.setName("名字里面没有查询的关键字");

				String source = ElasticSearchUtil.BeanToJson(p);

				IndexRequest request = client
						.prepareIndex(index, type, p.getId()).setSource(source)
						.request();

				builder.add(request);
			}

			BulkResponse response = builder.execute().actionGet();

			if (response.hasFailures()) {
				Assert.fail("创建索引失败！");
			}

			String text = "别克";
			// 检索
			QueryBuilder qb = QueryBuilders
					.multiMatchQuery(text, "name", "sex");
			SearchResponse sResponse = client.prepareSearch(index)
					.setTypes(type).setQuery(qb).setFrom(0).setSize(12)
					.execute().actionGet();

			SearchHits hits = sResponse.getHits();
			if (null != hits && hits.totalHits() > 0) {
				for (SearchHit hit : hits) {
					String json = hit.getSourceAsString();
					Person newPerson = mapper.readValue(json, Person.class);
					System.out.println("name\t\t" + newPerson.getName());
					System.out.println("sex\t\t" + newPerson.getSex());
					System.out.println("age\t\t" + newPerson.getAge());
					System.out.println("isStudent\t\t"
							+ newPerson.getIsStudent());
				}
			} else {
				log.info("没有查询到任何结果！");
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}