Android学习笔记（八）——文件下载

文件下载的关键步骤：

1、建立一个URL类对象；

2、用URL类对象打开链接：openConnection();

3、获取其输入流，然后对输入流进行操作即可；

下面的代码实现了下载文本的内容和下载一个文件：

用强调的是一定要在配置文件中允许访问互联网和允许将内容写入sd卡中：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="gap.download"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0">
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="4" />

    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".DownloadActivity"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

    </application>
    
    <!-- 访问互联网的权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
    <!-- 向SD卡写数据的权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
</manifest>

一个Activity文件：
public class DownloadActivity extends Activity {
	private Button textfile;
	private Button mp3file;
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        textfile = (Button)findViewById(R.id.download_textfile);
        mp3file = (Button)findViewById(R.id.download_mp3file);
        
        textfile.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				HttpDownLoader downloader = new HttpDownLoader();
				String result = downloader.download("http://192.168.19.10:8080/student/1.txt");
				System.out.println(result);
			}
		});
        
        mp3file.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				HttpDownLoader downloader = new HttpDownLoader();
				downloader.downFile("http://192.168.19.10:8080/student/1.txt", "download/", "1.txt");
			}
		});
    }
}

一个下载文件类：

package gap.common;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

public class HttpDownLoader {
	private URL url = null;
	public String download(String urlStr) {
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
		String line = null;
		BufferedReader buffer = null;
		try {
			url = new URL(urlStr);
			HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
			buffer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream()));
			while ((line = buffer.readLine()) != null) {
				sb.append(line);
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			try {
				buffer.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return sb.toString();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 该函数返回整形 -1：代表下载文件出错 0：代表下载文件成功 1：代表文件已经存在
	 */
	public int downFile(String urlStr, String path, String fileName) {
		InputStream inputStream = null;
		try {
			FileUtils fileUtils = new FileUtils();
			
			if (fileUtils.isFileExist(path + fileName)) {
				return 1;
			} else {
				inputStream = getInputStreamFromUrl(urlStr);
				File resultFile = fileUtils.write2SDFromInput(path,fileName, inputStream);
				if (resultFile == null) {
					return -1;
				}
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return -1;
		} finally {
			try {
				inputStream.close();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return 0;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 根据URL得到输入流
	 * 
	 * @param urlStr
	 * @return
	 * @throws MalformedURLException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public InputStream getInputStreamFromUrl(String urlStr)
			throws MalformedURLException, IOException {
		url = new URL(urlStr);
		HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
		InputStream inputStream = urlConn.getInputStream();
		return inputStream;
	}
}

一个公用文件操作类：
/**
 * 在SDCARD上面操作文件和目录的方法
 * @author geng
 *
 */
public class FileUtils {
	private String SDPATH;
	
	public FileUtils() {
		//得到当前外部存储设备的目录
		SDPATH = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/";
	}

	public String getSDPATH() {
		return SDPATH;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 在SD卡上创建文件
	 * @param fileName
	 * @return
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public File createSDFile(String fileName) throws IOException{
		File file = new File(SDPATH + fileName);
		file.createNewFile();
		return file;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 在SD卡上创建目录
	 * @param dirName
	 * @return
	 */
	public File creatSDDir(String dirName) {
		File dir = new File(SDPATH + dirName);
		dir.mkdirs();
		return dir;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 判断文件是否存在,存在返回true
	 * @param fileName
	 * @return
	 */
	public boolean isFileExist(String fileName){
		File file = new File(SDPATH + fileName);
		return file.exists();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 将一个InputStream里面的数据写入到SD卡上
	 * @param path：要写入的路径
	 * @param fileName：文件名
	 * @param input：输入流
	 * @return
	 */
	public File write2SDFromInput(String path, String fileName, InputStream input) {
		File file = null;
		OutputStream output = null;
		try{
			creatSDDir(path);
			file = createSDFile(path + fileName);
			output = new FileOutputStream(file);
			byte buffer [] = new byte[4 * 1024];
			while((input.read(buffer)) != -1){
				output.write(buffer);
			}
			output.flush();
		}
		catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		finally{
			try{
				output.close();
			}
			catch(Exception e){
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return file;
	}
}