Android学习笔记（十一）——广播机制

Android广播机制和现实的广播差不多，Android发出一个事件的广播，然后所有BroadcastReveier都会接收到这个广播事件，但是只有和相应的BroadcastReveier相匹配的事件才会被接收处理。

BroadcastReveier用于监听被广播的事件，为了达到这个目的 ，必须对于进行注册，注册的方法有下面两种：

1、在应用程序的代码中进行注册；

                    registerReceiver（receiver，filter）用于注册BroadcastReceiver；

      unregisterReceiver（Receiver）用于取消注册

2、在AndroidMainfest.xml中进行注册；

如果BroadcastReceiver用于更新UI，那么通常会使用第一种方法进行注册，在Activity启动的时候进行注册，在Activity不可见的时候取消注册；

第二种方法无论应用程序打开与否，都会接收到相应的广播事件，因此会占用一定的CPU资源；

下面的程序用上述两个方法进行编写：

Activity类：
package gap.DCRC;

import gap.receiver.SMSReceicer;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;

public class BroadCastRCActivity extends Activity {
	private Button register;
	private Button unregister;
	private Button sendButton;
	private static String SMS_ACTION = "android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED";
	
	private SMSReceicer receiver;
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        //手动注册BroadcastReceiver
        register = (Button)findViewById(R.id.register);
        //手动解除BroadcastReceiver
        unregister = (Button)findViewById(R.id.unregister);
        //发送一个广播
        sendButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.send);
        register.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				//创建一个IntentFilter
				IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
				//加入相应的过滤机制
				filter.addAction(SMS_ACTION);
				receiver = new SMSReceicer();
				//注册BroadcastReceiver
				BroadCastRCActivity.this.registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
				System.out.println("register BroadcastReceiver");
			}
		});
        unregister.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				//解除BroadcastReceiver
				BroadCastRCActivity.this.unregisterReceiver(receiver);
				System.out.println("unregister BroadcastReceiver");
			}
		});
        
        //发送一个广播
        sendButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				Intent intent = new Intent();
				intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_EDIT);
				BroadCastRCActivity.this.sendBroadcast(intent);
			}
		});
    }
}

有两个继承BroadcastReceiver的类：

package gap.receiver;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;

public class TestReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

	@Override
	public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("onReceive");
	}

}

package gap.receiver;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.telephony.gsm.SmsMessage;

public class SMSReceicer extends BroadcastReceiver {

	@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
	@Override
	public void onReceive(Context arg0, Intent intent) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		//接受发送的的短信
		System.out.println("receive SMS");
		Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
		Object[] myObjPdus = (Object[])bundle.get("pdus");
		SmsMessage[] messages = new SmsMessage[myObjPdus.length];
		for (int i = 0; i < myObjPdus.length; i++)
		{
			messages[i] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) myObjPdus[i]);
			System.out.println(messages[i].getDisplayMessageBody());
		}
		
	}

}

AndroidMainfest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="gap.DCRC"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0">
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="4" />

    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".BroadCastRCActivity"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        
        <receiver android:name="gap.receiver.TestReceiver">
        	<intent-filter >
        		<action android:name="android.intent.action.EDIT"/>
        	</intent-filter>
        </receiver>

    </application>
    
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"/>
</manifest>

执行的结果：