创建WatermarkTextBox和WatermarkPasswordBox（带水印的文本框）

使文本框带有文字提示是一个非常有用特性，不但让界面变得整洁，而且代码也简洁了不少。Windows登录时，输入用户名和密码的文本框和密码框就有这个功能。在WPF里面创建这样的文本框和密码框非常简单，下面就一步一步介绍如何实现这个功能。

首先创建一个WatermarkTextBox类从TextBox派生。然后添加两个依赖属性：

Watermark：该属性类型为String，用于设置要显示在文本框里面的提示文本。

WatermarkStyle：该属类型为Style，用于设置文本框里面提示文本的样式，比如字体类别，是否斜体显示等等。

下面是该类的代码：

[StyleTypedProperty(Property = "WatermarkStyle", StyleTargetType = typeof(TextBlock))]

  public classWatermarkTextBox : TextBox

  {

    static WatermarkTextBox()

    {

      DefaultStyleKeyProperty.OverrideMetadata(typeof(WatermarkTextBox),new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(typeof(WatermarkTextBox)));

    }

 

    public string Watermark

    {

      get { return (string)GetValue(WatermarkProperty); }

      set { SetValue(WatermarkProperty, value); }

    }

 

    public Style WatermarkStyle

    {

      get { return (Style)GetValue(WatermarkStyleProperty); }

      set { SetValue(WatermarkStyleProperty, value); }

    }

 

    public staticStyle GetWatermarkStyle(DependencyObject obj)

    {

      return (Style)obj.GetValue(WatermarkStyleProperty);

    }

 

    public staticvoid SetWatermarkStyle(DependencyObject obj,Style value)

    {

      obj.SetValue(WatermarkStyleProperty, value);

    }

 

    public staticreadonly DependencyProperty WatermarkStyleProperty =

        DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("WatermarkStyle",typeof(Style),typeof(WatermarkTextBox));

 

    public staticstring GetWatermark(DependencyObject obj)

    {

      return (string)obj.GetValue(WatermarkProperty);

    }

 

    public staticvoid SetWatermark(DependencyObject obj,string value)

    {

      obj.SetValue(WatermarkProperty, value);

    }

 

    public staticreadonly DependencyProperty WatermarkProperty =

        DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("Watermark",typeof(string), typeof(WatermarkTextBox),

        new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(OnWatermarkChanged));

 

    private staticvoid OnWatermarkChanged(DependencyObject sender,DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)

    {

      PasswordBox pwdBox = sender as PasswordBox;

     

      if (pwdBox == null)

      {

        return;

      }

 

      pwdBox.PasswordChanged -= OnPasswordChanged;

      pwdBox.PasswordChanged += OnPasswordChanged;

    }

 

    private staticvoid OnPasswordChanged(object sender,RoutedEventArgs e)

    {

      PasswordBox pwdBox = sender as PasswordBox;

      TextBlock watermarkTextBlock = pwdBox.Template.FindName("WatermarkTextBlock", pwdBox)as TextBlock;

 

      if (watermarkTextBlock != null)

      {

        watermarkTextBlock.Visibility = pwdBox.SecurePassword.Length == 0

 ? Visibility.Visible : Visibility.Hidden;

      }

    }

首先不要奇怪为什么该类的代码中为什么有关于PasswordBox的逻辑，我们稍后再谈原因。代码完成后，剩下的就是创建样式了，由于当用户在文本框中输入了文本后，提示文字就会隐藏起来，所以我们需要一个Value Converter，当文本为null或者empty时，返回Visible，否则返回Collapsed。为了复用这个Converter，我加了一些额外的属性，相信不难理解。下面是该类的代码：

public class NullOrEmptyStringToVisibilityConverter : IValueConverter

  {

    public NullOrEmptyStringToVisibilityConverter()

    {

      NullOrEmpty = Visibility.Collapsed;

      NotNullOrEmpty = Visibility.Visible;

    }

 

    public Visibility NullOrEmpty { get; set; }

    public Visibility NotNullOrEmpty { get; set; }

 

    public object Convert(object value,Type targetType, object parameter,CultureInfo culture)

    {