Ajax、servlet、jsp、JSON数据交互以及跳转问题

最新推荐文章于 2022-04-12 19:05:36 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-04-12 19:05:36 发布

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分类专栏： Ajax JSP 文章标签： servlet ajax json jsp

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/gg12365gg/article/details/51016895

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1、Ajax发送方法send(data)，格式必须为 “name=123”的形式，否则会报错：net.sf.json.JSONException: null object，

Servlet中无法获取到页面传过来的值。

2、在Servlet中通过request.getParameter("data")获得字符串后，需要将字符串转化为JSONObject对象，然后通过getString(key)方法获得value值。

3、Servlet中处理完数据后返回可以用 PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter(); writer.print(message); 将message传入XMLHttpRequest对象的responseText中。

4、使用Ajax传值到Servlet中，则Servlet中的

request.getRequestDispatcher(path).forward(req, resp);(redirect，forward)

response.sendRedirect(path); 页面跳转方法都会失效，可以通过JS中的方法进行跳转。

示例代码：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
	function message() {
		var userName = document.getElementById("userName").value;
		var passWord = document.getElementById("passWord").value;
		var param = {
			"userName" : userName,
			"passWord" : passWord
		};
		
		var xhr = false;
		if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {
			xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
		} else if (window.ActiveXObject) {
			xhr = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
		}

		xhr.open("POST", "userServlet", true);
		xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-type",
				"application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
		xhr.send("data=" + JSON.stringify(param));
		//xhr.send("name=123&value=789");

		xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
			if (xhr.readyState == 4 && xhr.status == 200) {
				var message = xhr.responseText;
				if (message == 3) {
					//alert("登陆成功！");
					//window.navigate("success.jsp");
					window.location.href = "success.jsp?userName=" + userName;
				} else if (message == 2) {
					document.getElementById("b").innerHTML = "密码错误！ ";
				} else if (message == 1) {
					document.getElementById("a").innerHTML = "用户名错误！ ";
				}

			}
		}

	}
</script>
</head>
<body>

	<form action="userServlet" method="post">
		<table align="center">
			<tr>
				<td>用户名:</td>
				<td><input type="text" id="userName"></td>
				<td><div id="a" style="color: red"></div></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>密    码:</td>
				<td><input type="text" id="passWord"></td>
				<td><div id="b" style="color: red"></div></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td></td>
				<td><input type="button" value="submit" οnclick="message()"></td>
			</tr>
		</table>
	</form>

</body>
</html>

UserServlet：

package com.java.mvc.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

import com.java.mvc.dao.UserDAO;
import com.java.mvc.dao.UserDAOImpl;
import com.java.mvc.domain.User;

@WebServlet("/userServlet")
public class UserServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		UserDAO userDAO = new UserDAOImpl();
		request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

		String json = request.getParameter("data");
		JSONObject o = JSONObject.fromObject(json);// 将字符串转化为JSONObject

		String userName = o.getString("userName");
		String passWord = o.getString("passWord");

		User user = new User();
		user = userDAO.get(userName);
		int message = 0;

		System.out.println(user);

		if (user != null) {
			if (user.getUserName().equals(userName)
					&& user.getPssWord().equals(passWord)) {
				request.setAttribute("user", user);
				System.out.println("....");
				message = 3;
			} else {
				message = 2;
			}
		} else {
			message = 1;
		}

		PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
		writer.print(message);
		writer.flush();
		writer.close();

	}

}

结果：