nginx核心配置及剖析

简介：Nginx核心知识之默认配置文件讲解

全局配置
server 主机设置
location（URL匹配特定位置的设置）

每个配置项由配置指令和指令参数 2 个部分构成

#user nobody; # 指定Nginx Worker进程运行以及用户组
worker_processes 1; #
​
#error_log logs/error.log; # 错误日志的存放路径 和错误日志
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
​
#pid logs/nginx.pid; # 进程PID存放路径
​
​

事件模块指令，用来指定Nginx的IO模型，Nginx支持的有select、poll、kqueue、epoll 等。不同的是epoll用在Linux平台上，而kqueue用在BSD系统中，对于Linux系统，epoll工作模式是首选

events {
use epoll;

定义Nginx每个进程的最大连接数， 作为服务器来说: worker_connections * worker_processes,

作为反向代理来说，最大并发数量应该是worker_connections * worker_processes/2。因为反向代理服务器，每个 并发会建立与客户端的连接和与后端服务的连接，会占用两个连接

worker_connections  1024; 

}
​
​
​
​
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
# 自定义服务日志
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remot{e}_{u}ser[$time_local] “KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '#' at position 16: request" ' #̲ …status $bod{y}_{b}yte{s}_{s}ent"$http_referer” ’
# ‘“$htt{p}_{u}se{r}_{a}gent""$http_x_forwarded_for”’;
​
#access_log logs/access.log main;
​
# 是否开启高效传输模式 on开启 off关闭
sendfile on;

#减少网络报文段的数量
#tcp_nopush     on;

​
#keepalive_timeout 0;
# 客户端连接保持活动的超时时间，超过这个时间之后，服务器会关闭该连接
keepalive_timeout 65;
​
#gzip on;

# 虚拟主机的配置
server {
    listen       80; # 虚拟主机的服务端口
    server_name  localhost; #用来指定IP地址或域名，多个域名之间用空格分开

​
#charset koi8-r;
​
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
​
#URL地址匹配
location / {
root html; # 服务默认启动目录
index index.html index.htm; #默认访问文件，按照顺序找
}
​
#error_page 404 /404.html; #错误状态码的显示页面
​
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
​
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ .php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
​
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ .php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
​
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache’s document root
# concurs with nginx’s one
#
#location ~ /.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
​
​
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
​
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
​
​
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
​
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
​
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
​
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
​
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}