字典的每个键值(key=>value)对用冒号(:)分割,每个对之间用逗号(,)分割,整个字典包括在花括号({})中 ,格式如下所示:d = {key1 : value1, key2 : value2 }
In [1]:#不允许同一个键出现两次。创建时如果同一个键被赋值两次,后一个值会被记住
dict = {'Name':'Zara','Age':7,'Name':'Mani'}
Out[2]:'Mani'
dict = {['Name']:'Zara','Age':7}
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-3-d4053bdbae55> in <module>()
1 #键必须不可变,所以可以用数字,字符串或元组充当,所以用列表就不行
----> 2 dict = {['Name']:'Zara','Age':7}
TypeError: unhashable type: 'list'
In [4]:str(dict)
Out[4]:"{'Age': 7, 'Name': 'Mani'}"
Out[5]:dict
In [6]:dict1 = dict.copy()
Out[7]:{'Age': 7, 'Name': 'Mani'}
In [8]:seq = ('name','age','sex')
In [9]:dict2 = dict.fromkeys(seq)
In [10]:dict2
Out[10]:{'age': None, 'name': None, 'sex': None}
In [11]:dict2 = dict2.fromkeys(seq,['LiLei',21,'Man'])
In [12]:dict2
Out[12]:{'age': ['LiLei', 21, 'Man'],'name': ['LiLei', 21, 'Man'],
'sex': ['LiLei', 21, 'Man']}
In [13]:dict1.get('Age')
Out[13]:7
dict1.has_key('sex')
Out[14]:False
dict1.items()
Out[15]:[('Age', 7), ('Name', 'Mani')]
print key,value
Age 7Name Mani
In [17]:#keys() 函数以列表返回一个字典所有的键
dict1.keys()Out[17]:['Age', 'Name']
dict1.values()
Out[19]:[7, 'Mani']
dict1.setdefault('sex','man')
Out[20]:'man'
In [21]:dict1
Out[21]:{'Age': 7, 'Name': 'Mani', 'sex': 'man'}
In [22]:dict2 = {'Scode':90}
Out[23]:{'Scode': 90}
dict1.update(dict2)
Out[25]:{'Age': 7, 'Name': 'Mani', 'Scode': 90, 'sex': 'man'}
dict3 = {"a":[1,2]}
In [27]:dict3
Out[27]:{'a': [1, 2]}
Out[29]:2
In [30]:dict4 = {"a":{"c":"d"}}
Out[31]:'d'