tensorflow dataset.shuffle dataset.batch dataset.repeat

转自：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_16234613/article/details/81703228

batch很好理解，就是batch size。注意在一个epoch中最后一个batch大小可能小于等于batch size
dataset.repeat就是俗称epoch，但在tf中与dataset.shuffle的使用顺序可能会导致个epoch的混合
dataset.shuffle就是说维持一个buffer size 大小的 shuffle buffer，图中所需的每个样本从shuffle buffer中获取，取得一个样本后，就从源数据集中加入一个样本到shuffle buffer中。

import os
os.environ['CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES'] = ""
import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
np.random.seed(0)
x = np.random.sample((11,2))
# make a dataset from a numpy array
print(x)
print()
dataset = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices(x)
dataset = dataset.shuffle(3)
dataset = dataset.batch(4)
dataset = dataset.repeat(2)

# create the iterator
iter = dataset.make_one_shot_iterator()
el = iter.get_next()

with tf.Session() as sess:
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
#源数据集
[[ 0.5488135   0.71518937]
 [ 0.60276338  0.54488318]
 [ 0.4236548   0.64589411]
 [ 0.43758721  0.891773  ]
 [ 0.96366276  0.38344152]
 [ 0.79172504  0.52889492]
 [ 0.56804456  0.92559664]
 [ 0.07103606  0.0871293 ]
 [ 0.0202184   0.83261985]
 [ 0.77815675  0.87001215]
 [ 0.97861834  0.79915856]]

# 通过shuffle batch后取得的样本
[[ 0.4236548   0.64589411]
 [ 0.60276338  0.54488318]
 [ 0.43758721  0.891773  ]
 [ 0.5488135   0.71518937]]
[[ 0.96366276  0.38344152]
 [ 0.56804456  0.92559664]
 [ 0.0202184   0.83261985]
 [ 0.79172504  0.52889492]]
[[ 0.07103606  0.0871293 ]
 [ 0.97861834  0.79915856]
 [ 0.77815675  0.87001215]]  #最后一个batch样本个数为3
[[ 0.60276338  0.54488318]
 [ 0.5488135   0.71518937]
 [ 0.43758721  0.891773  ]
 [ 0.79172504  0.52889492]]
[[ 0.4236548   0.64589411]
 [ 0.56804456  0.92559664]
 [ 0.0202184   0.83261985]
 [ 0.07103606  0.0871293 ]]
[[ 0.77815675  0.87001215]
 [ 0.96366276  0.38344152]
 [ 0.97861834  0.79915856]] #最后一个batch样本个数为3

1、按照shuffle中设置的buffer size，首先从源数据集取得三个样本：
shuffle buffer：
[ 0.5488135 0.71518937]
[ 0.60276338 0.54488318]
[ 0.4236548 0.64589411]
2、从buffer中取一个样本到batch中得：
shuffle buffer：
[ 0.5488135 0.71518937]
[ 0.60276338 0.54488318]
batch：
[ 0.4236548 0.64589411]
3、shuffle buffer不足三个样本，从源数据集提取一个样本：
shuffle buffer：
[ 0.5488135 0.71518937]
[ 0.60276338 0.54488318]
[ 0.43758721 0.891773 ]
4、从buffer中取一个样本到batch中得：
shuffle buffer：
[ 0.5488135 0.71518937]
[ 0.43758721 0.891773 ]
batch：
[ 0.4236548 0.64589411]
[ 0.60276338 0.54488318]
5、如此反复。这就意味中如果shuffle 的buffer size=1，数据集不打乱。如果shuffle 的buffer size=数据集样本数量，随机打乱整个数据集

import os
os.environ['CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES'] = ""
import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
np.random.seed(0)
x = np.random.sample((11,2))
# make a dataset from a numpy array
print(x)
print()
dataset = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices(x)
dataset = dataset.shuffle(1)
dataset = dataset.batch(4)
dataset = dataset.repeat(2)

# create the iterator
iter = dataset.make_one_shot_iterator()
el = iter.get_next()

with tf.Session() as sess:
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))

[[ 0.5488135   0.71518937]
 [ 0.60276338  0.54488318]
 [ 0.4236548   0.64589411]
 [ 0.43758721  0.891773  ]
 [ 0.96366276  0.38344152]
 [ 0.79172504  0.52889492]
 [ 0.56804456  0.92559664]
 [ 0.07103606  0.0871293 ]
 [ 0.0202184   0.83261985]
 [ 0.77815675  0.87001215]
 [ 0.97861834  0.79915856]]

[[ 0.5488135   0.71518937]
 [ 0.60276338  0.54488318]
 [ 0.4236548   0.64589411]
 [ 0.43758721  0.891773  ]]
[[ 0.96366276  0.38344152]
 [ 0.79172504  0.52889492]
 [ 0.56804456  0.92559664]
 [ 0.07103606  0.0871293 ]]
[[ 0.0202184   0.83261985]
 [ 0.77815675  0.87001215]
 [ 0.97861834  0.79915856]]
[[ 0.5488135   0.71518937]
 [ 0.60276338  0.54488318]
 [ 0.4236548   0.64589411]
 [ 0.43758721  0.891773  ]]
[[ 0.96366276  0.38344152]
 [ 0.79172504  0.52889492]
 [ 0.56804456  0.92559664]
 [ 0.07103606  0.0871293 ]]
[[ 0.0202184   0.83261985]
 [ 0.77815675  0.87001215]
 [ 0.97861834  0.79915856]]

注意如果repeat在shuffle之前使用：
官方说repeat在shuffle之前使用能提高性能，但模糊了数据样本的epoch关系

import os
os.environ['CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES'] = ""
import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
np.random.seed(0)
x = np.random.sample((11,2))
# make a dataset from a numpy array
print(x)
print()
dataset = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices(x)
dataset = dataset.repeat(2)
dataset = dataset.shuffle(11)
dataset = dataset.batch(4)

# create the iterator
iter = dataset.make_one_shot_iterator()
el = iter.get_next()

with tf.Session() as sess:
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))
    print(sess.run(el))

[[ 0.5488135   0.71518937]
 [ 0.60276338  0.54488318]
 [ 0.4236548   0.64589411]
 [ 0.43758721  0.891773  ]
 [ 0.96366276  0.38344152]
 [ 0.79172504  0.52889492]
 [ 0.56804456  0.92559664]
 [ 0.07103606  0.0871293 ]
 [ 0.0202184   0.83261985]
 [ 0.77815675  0.87001215]
 [ 0.97861834  0.79915856]]

[[ 0.56804456  0.92559664]
 [ 0.5488135   0.71518937]
 [ 0.60276338  0.54488318]
 [ 0.07103606  0.0871293 ]]
[[ 0.96366276  0.38344152]
 [ 0.43758721  0.891773  ]
 [ 0.43758721  0.891773  ]
 [ 0.77815675  0.87001215]]
[[ 0.79172504  0.52889492]   #出现相同样本出现在同一个batch中
 [ 0.79172504  0.52889492]
 [ 0.60276338  0.54488318]
 [ 0.4236548   0.64589411]]
[[ 0.07103606  0.0871293 ]
 [ 0.4236548   0.64589411]
 [ 0.96366276  0.38344152]
 [ 0.5488135   0.71518937]]
[[ 0.97861834  0.79915856]
 [ 0.0202184   0.83261985]
 [ 0.77815675  0.87001215]
 [ 0.56804456  0.92559664]]
[[ 0.0202184   0.83261985]
 [ 0.97861834  0.79915856]]          #可以看到最后个batch为2，而前面都是4