GUI编程

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-18 01:05:23 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-07-18 01:05:23 发布

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文章标签： gui

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/ghjgjhyfht/article/details/114868355

版权

GUI编程

1、这是什么？
2、它怎么玩？
3、该如何在我们平时运用。
class–>可阅读的反编译

组件

窗口
弹窗
面板
文本框
列表框
按钮
图片
监听事件
鼠标事件
键盘事件
外挂
破解工具

1、简介

Gui的核心技术：Swing AWT，

1、因为界面不美观

2、需要jre环境

为什么要学习？

1、MVC的架构

2、工作需要

3、可以写出自己想要的工具

2、AWT介绍

2.1、AWT简介

1、包含了很多的类和接口！GUI：图形用户界面编程。Esclipe:java写的

2、元素：按钮，窗口，文本框

3、java.awt

$C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20201126082856278.png$

2.2、组件和容器

1、窗口

package com.xuchong.lesson1;

import java.awt.*;

//GUI的第一个界面
public class TestFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //窗口对象
        Frame frame=new Frame("我的第一个java图形界面窗口");//在内存中
        //需要设置可见性
        frame.setVisible(true);//设置可见性
        frame.setSize(400,400);//设置窗口口大小
        Color color =new Color(1,1,1) ;//设置背景颜色
        frame.setBackground(color);
        frame.setLocation(200,200);//窗口的初始位置
        frame.setResizable(false);//设置窗口大小不可调整
    }
}

发现的问题：窗口关不掉，停止java程序 (解决方案：监听事件)

多个窗口

package com.xuchong.lesson1;

import java.awt.*;

public class ManyFrames {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //展示多个窗口
        MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100,100,200,200,Color.blue);
        MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(400,100,200,200,Color.black);
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100,400,200,200,Color.yellow);
        MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(400,400,200,200,Color.red);
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    static int id = 0;//可能存在多个窗口，我们需要一个计数器
    public MyFrame(int x,int y,int h,int w,Color color){
        super("MyFrame"+(++id));
        setBackground(color);
        setBounds(x,y,w,h);
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

2、Panel（面板）

package com.xuchong.lesson1;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;

//Panel 可以看成一个空间 ，但是不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("面板");
        //存在布局的概念
        Panel panel = new Panel();
        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);
        //坐标
        frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(1,10,9));
        //panel设置坐标，相对于frame
        panel.setBounds(50,50,400,400);
        panel.setBackground(Color.yellow);
        //frame.add(panel)
        frame.add(panel);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        //监听事件，监听窗口关闭事件，System.exit
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                //结束程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });//适配器模式
    }
}

3、布局管理器

流式布局

package com.xuchong.lesson1;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFlowLayout {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      Frame frame = new Frame();
      //组件 按钮
      Button button1 = new Button("button1");
      Button button2 = new Button("button2");
      Button button3 = new Button("button3");
      Button button4 = new Button("button4");
      //设置方式为流布局
      frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
      frame.setSize(200,200);
      //把按钮添加上去
      frame.add(button1);
      frame.add(button2);
      frame.add(button3);
      frame.add(button4);
      frame.setVisible(true);


   }

东西南北中

package com.xuchong.lesson1;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestESNWLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("东西南北中");
        //按钮
        Button west = new Button("west");
        Button east = new Button("east");
        Button north = new Button("north");
        Button south = new Button("south");
        Button center = new Button("center");
        frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.setSize(200,200);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

表格布局

package com.xuchong.lesson1;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestChartLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("表格定位");
        Button b1= new Button("1");
        Button b2= new Button("2");
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(1,2));
        frame.add(b1);
        frame.add(b2);
        frame.pack();//java函数
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

4、练习：

package com.xuchong.lesson1;

import java.awt.*;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame =new Frame("练习");
        frame.setBounds(500,500,1000,500);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
        //4个面板
        Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));
        p1.add(new Button("b1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p1.add(new Button("b2"),BorderLayout.WEST);

        p2.add(new Button("b3"));
        p2.add(new Button("b4"));

        p3.add(new Button("b5"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p3.add(new Button("b6"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        int j= 7;
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            p4.add(new Button("b"+(++j)));

        }
        p3.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        p1.add(p2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.add(p1);
        frame.add(p3);
          //监听器
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

总结：

1、Frame是一个顶级窗口

2、Pannel无法单独显示，必须加到一个容器中

3、布局管理器

4、事件监听

事件监听：当某个事情发生的时候，干什么？

按钮监听:

package com.xuchong.lesson2;

import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.border.Border;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按钮触发一些事件
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button = new Button("aaa");
        //因为需要addActionListener()需要一个ActionListener，所以我们需要构造一个ActionListener
        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);
        frame.add(button, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
        windowClose(frame);
    }
    //关闭窗体的方法
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("aaa");
    }
}

多个按钮监听：

package com.xuchong.lesson2;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestActionEvent2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //两个按钮实现同一个监听
        Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
        Button button = new Button("start");
        Button button1 = new Button("stop");
        button.setActionCommand("button-start");
        MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
        button.addActionListener(myMonitor);
        button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
        frame.add(button,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
        windowClose(frame);
    }
    //关闭窗体的方法
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
//事件监听
class MyMonitor implements ActionListener {

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //获得按钮信息
        System.out.println("按钮被点击了:msg:"+ e.getActionCommand());

    }
}

5、计算器

5.1、输入框TextFiled监听

package com.xuchong.lesson2;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestText1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //只管启动
        new MyFrame();
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    public MyFrame(){
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);
        //监听文本框输入的文字
        MyTextListener myTextListener = new MyTextListener();
        //按下这个回车就会触发这个监听
        textField.addActionListener(myTextListener);
        pack();
        //设置替换编码
        textField.setEchoChar('*');
        setVisible(true);
    }
}
class MyTextListener implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField source = (TextField)e.getSource();//获得一些资源,返回的一个对象
       //获得输入框中的文本
        System.out.println( source.getText());
        source.setText("");//null
    }
}

5.2、组合内部类回顾复习

oop原则：组合大于继承

class A extends B{//继承
    
}
class A {//组合
private B b;
}

package com.xuchong.lesson2;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator();
    }
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame {
    public Calculator(){
        //三个文本框 一个按钮 一个标签
        TextField textField1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField textField2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField textField3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(textField1,textField2,textField3));
        Label label = new Label("+");
        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(textField1);
        add(label);
        add(textField2);
        add(button);
        add(textField3);
        setVisible(true);
        pack();
    }
}
//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
    //获取三个变量
    private TextField num1,num2,num3;

    public MyCalculatorListener(TextField num1, TextField num2, TextField num3) {
        this.num1 = num1;
        this.num2 = num2;
        this.num3 = num3;
    }
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    //1、获得加数和被加数
        int num1Text = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
        int num2Text = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
        //2、将这两个数相加，放到第三个框
        num3.setText(""+(num1Text+num2Text));
        //3、将第一二个框清除
        num1.setText("");
        num2.setText("");
    }
}

程序优化（面向对象）：

package com.xuchong.lesson2;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loading();
    }
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame {
    //属性
     TextField textField1,textField2,textField3;
    //方法
    public void loading(){
        //三个文本框 一个按钮 一个标签
         textField1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
         textField2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
         textField3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(this));
        Label label = new Label("+");
        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(textField1);
        add(label);
        add(textField2);
        add(button);
        add(textField3);
        setVisible(true);
        pack();
    }
}
//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
    //获取三个变量 在一个类中组合另一个类
     Calculator calculator= null;

    public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator) {
        this.calculator= calculator;
    }
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1、获得加数和被加数
        // 2、将这两个数相加，放到第三个框
        //3、将第一二个框清除
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.textField1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.textField2.getText());
        calculator.textField3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
        calculator.textField1.setText("");
        calculator.textField2.setText("");
    }
}

内部类：

更好的包装

内部类最大的好处就是可以畅通无阻的访问外部的属性和方法

package com.xuchong.lesson2;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loading();
    }
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame {
    //属性
     TextField textField1,textField2,textField3;
    //方法
    public void loading(){
        //三个文本框 一个按钮 一个标签
         textField1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
         textField2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
         textField3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener());
        Label label = new Label("+");
        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(textField1);
        add(label);
        add(textField2);
        add(button);
        add(textField3);
        setVisible(true);
        pack();
    }
    //监听器类
    private class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            //1、获得加数和被加数
            // 2、将这两个数相加，放到第三个框
            //3、将第一二个框清除
            int n1 = Integer.parseInt(textField1.getText());
            int n2 = Integer.parseInt(textField2.getText());
            textField3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
            textField1.setText("");
            textField2.setText("");
        }
    }
}

6、画笔

package com.xuchong.lesson3;

import java.awt.*;

public class Paint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().loading();
    }
}
class MyPaint extends Frame {
    public void loading() {
        setBounds(200,200,600,500);
        setVisible(true);
    }//画笔
        @Override
        public void paint (Graphics g){
            //画笔有颜色，可以画画
            //g.setColor(Color.red);
            //g.drawString("victory",100,100);
            g.fillOval(100,100,100,100);
            //g.setColor(Color.blue);
            g.fillRect(150,200,200,200);
            //养成习惯,画笔用完，还原到最初的颜色

        }
    }

6、鼠标监听

目的：想用鼠标画画

package com.xuchong.lesson3;

import javax.swing.plaf.multi.MultiInternalFrameUI;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

//测试鼠标监听事件
public class MouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
       new MyFrame("画图");
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    //画画需要画笔，需要监听鼠标当前的位置，需要集合来存储这个点
    ArrayList points;
    public MyFrame(String title) {
        super(title);
        setBounds(200,200,400,400);
        //鼠标的点
        points= new ArrayList();
        //鼠标监听器,正对这个窗口
        this.addMouseListener(new MouseListener());
        setVisible(true);
    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画图，监听鼠标事件
        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()){
            Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
            g.setColor(Color.blue);
            g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
        }
    }
    //添加一个点到界面上
    public void addPoint(Point point){
        points.add(point);
    }
    //适配器模式
    private class MouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
        //鼠标按下，弹起，按住不放

        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame myFrame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
            //点击的时候就会产生一个点，鼠标点击的点用鼠标存点
            //这个点就是鼠标的点
            myFrame.addPoint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));
            //每次点击鼠标需要重新画一遍
            myFrame.repaint();
        }
    }
}

7、窗口监听

package com.xuchong.lesson3;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class WindowListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
new WindowFrame();
    }
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame{
    public WindowFrame (){
        setTitle("未激活");
    setBackground(Color.CYAN);
    setBounds(100,100,300,300);
    setVisible(true);
    //addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
        this.addWindowListener( new WindowAdapter() {//匿名内部类
            //关闭窗口
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);//正常退出 非正常退出1
            }
            //激活窗口
            @Override
            public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                WindowFrame windowFrame=(WindowFrame) e.getSource();
                windowFrame.setTitle("激活");
                System.out.println("窗口已激活");
            }
        });
    }

8、键盘监听

package com.xuchong.lesson3;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

public class KeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
     new KeyFrame();
    }
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame{
    public KeyFrame(){
        setBounds(100,100,300,400);
        setVisible(true);
        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                //获得键盘按的哪个键
                int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
                if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_UP){
                    System.out.println("上");
                }
            }
        });
    }
}

9、Swing介绍

1、窗口

package com.xuchong.Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo extends JFrame{
    public void init(){
        JFrame jFrame = new JFrame("JFrame窗口");
        jFrame.setVisible(true);
        jFrame.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        //设置文字
        JLabel label = new JLabel("hello");
        jFrame.add(label);
        //容器实例化 获得容器
        Container contentPane = jFrame.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setBackground(Color.blue);
        //让文本居中
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(0);
        //关闭窗口
        //EXIT_ON_CLOSE(= 3)
        //DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE( = 2)
        //DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE( = 0)
        //HIDE_ON_CLOSE(= 1)
        jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //建立一个窗口
        new JFrameDemo().init();
    }
}

label居中可以这样label1.setAlignment(java.awt.Label.CENTER);
jlabel的居中就jLabel1.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

2、弹窗（layer）

package com.xuchong.Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;

//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();
    }
    public DialogDemo(){
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(700,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        //JFrame放东西需要容器
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        //绝对布局
        contentPane.setLayout(null);
        //按钮
        JButton jButton = new JButton("点击弹出对话框");
        jButton.setBounds(30,30,70,50);
        contentPane.add(jButton);
        //点击这个按钮弹出弹窗  监听器
        jButton.addActionListener(new AbstractAction() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //弹窗
                new MyDialogDemo();
            }
        });
    }
}
//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog{
    public MyDialogDemo(){
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setLayout(null);
        JLabel hello = new JLabel("Hello");
        hello.setBounds(100,100,100,100);
        contentPane.add(hello);
    }
}

3、标签（label）

new Label("xxx");

图标ICON

package com.xuchong.Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

//图标是个接口，需要实现类，JFrame继承
public class ICONDemo  extends JFrame implements Icon {
    private int width;
    private int height;

    public ICONDemo(){
    }

    public ICONDemo(int width, int height) throws HeadlessException {
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }

    public void init(){
        ICONDemo iconDemo = new ICONDemo(15, 12);
        //图标可放在按钮上也可放在标签上
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("icon",iconDemo,SwingConstants.CENTER);
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
        contentPane.add(jLabel);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,300,300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
     new ICONDemo().init();
    }

    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
     g.drawOval(x,y,width,height);
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return this.width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return this.height;
    }
}

图片Image

package com.xuchong.Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
    public ImageIconDemo() { 
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("ImageIconDemo");
         //获取图片的地址
        URL resource = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("item.jpg");
        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(resource);
        jLabel.setIcon(imageIcon);
        jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        contentPane.add(jLabel);
        setBounds(20,20,1000,1000);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    new ImageIconDemo();
    }
    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {

    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return 0;
    }
}

4、面板

package com.xuchong.Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
 public JPanelDemo(){
     Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
     contentPane.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));
     JPanel jPanel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
     JPanel jPanel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));
     JPanel jPanel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,1));
     JPanel jPanel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3,2));
     jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
     jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
     jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
     jPanel2.add(new JButton("2"));
     jPanel2.add(new JButton("2"));
     jPanel3.add(new JButton("3"));
     jPanel3.add(new JButton("3"));
     jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
     jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
     jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
     jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
     jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
     jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
     contentPane.add(jPanel1);
     contentPane.add(jPanel2);
     contentPane.add(jPanel3);
     contentPane.add(jPanel4);
     this.setVisible(true);
     this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
     this.setSize(500,500);
 }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
new JPanelDemo();
    }
}

滚动条

package com.xuchong.Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo(){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        //文本域
        JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20,50);
        jTextArea.setText("小王八蛋,累死你爹了");
       //JScroll面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
        contentPane.add(scrollPane);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setSize(500,500);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

5、按钮

图片按钮

package com.xuchong.Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo() {
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        //获取图片
        URL resource = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("item.jpg");
        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(resource);
        //把这个图标放到按钮上去
        JButton jButton = new JButton(imageIcon);
        jButton.setToolTipText("这一个图片按钮");
        //add
        contentPane.add(jButton);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setSize(1000,1000);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
      new JButtonDemo();
    }
}

单选框：

package com.xuchong.Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class OneSelectDemo extends JFrame {
    public OneSelectDemo() {
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        //单选框
        JRadioButton jRadioButton1 = new JRadioButton();
        JRadioButton jRadioButton2 = new JRadioButton();
        JRadioButton jRadioButton3 = new JRadioButton();
        //由于单选框只能选一个，只能分组
        ButtonGroup buttonGroup = new ButtonGroup();
        buttonGroup.add(jRadioButton1);
        buttonGroup.add(jRadioButton2);
        buttonGroup.add(jRadioButton3);
        contentPane.add(jRadioButton1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        contentPane.add(jRadioButton2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        contentPane.add(jRadioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setSize(1000, 1000);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new OneSelectDemo();
    }

}

多选框：

package com.xuchong.Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class ManySelectDemo extends JFrame {
    public ManySelectDemo() {
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        //多选框
        JCheckBox jCheckBox1 = new JCheckBox("jCheckBox1");
        JCheckBox jCheckBox2 = new JCheckBox("jCheckBox2");
        this.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        contentPane.add(jCheckBox1);
        contentPane.add(jCheckBox2);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setSize(1000, 1000);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ManySelectDemo();
    }
}

6、列表

下拉框

package com.xuchong.lesson4;

import com.sun.org.apache.bcel.internal.generic.NEW;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class ComboboxDemo extends JFrame {
    public ComboboxDemo() {
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        JComboBox jComboBox = new JComboBox();
        jComboBox.addItem("乱世佳人");
        jComboBox.addItem("星际穿越");
        jComboBox.addItem("The Last");
        jComboBox.addItem("凤求凰");
        contentPane.add(jComboBox);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setSize(1000,1000);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ComboboxDemo();
    }
}

列表框

package com.xuchong.lesson4;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class ListDemo extends JFrame {
    public ListDemo() {
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        //生成列表的内容，稀疏数组，压缩内容
        //String[] contents ={"1","2","3"};
        Vector contents=new Vector();
        JList jList = new JList(contents);
        contents.add("1");
        contents.add("2");
        contents.add("3");
        contentPane.add(jList);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setSize(1000, 1000);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ListDemo();
    }
}

应用场景：

选择地区

列表：展示信息

7、文本框

文本框

package com.xuchong.lesson4;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TextDemo extends JFrame {
    public TextDemo() {
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        JTextField jTextField = new JTextField("hello");
        JTextField jTextField1 = new JTextField("world",20);
        contentPane.add(jTextField,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        contentPane.add(jTextField1,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setSize(1000, 1000);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TextDemo();
    }
}

密码框

package com.xuchong.lesson4;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class PWDDemo extends JFrame {
    public PWDDemo() {
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();
        passwordField.setEchoChar('+');
        contentPane.add(passwordField);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setSize(1000, 1000);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new PWDDemo();
    }
}

文本域

package com.xuchong.lesson4;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TextAreaDemo extends JFrame {
    public TextAreaDemo() {
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        //文本域
        JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20,50);
        jTextArea.setText("小王八蛋,累死你爹了");
        //JScroll面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
        contentPane.add(scrollPane);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setSize(1000, 1000);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TextAreaDemo();
    }
}

贪吃蛇游戏：

帧：如果时间片足够小，就是动画，一秒30帧。

键盘监听、定时器Timer

一、界面绘制

1、定义数据

2、画上去

3、监听事件

键盘

事件

数据类：

package com.xuchong.game;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;

//数据中心
public class Data {
    //相对路径 tie.jpg
    //绝对路径 / 相当于当前项目
    public static URL headerURL= javax.xml.crypto.Data.class.getResource("/com/xuchong/game/images/ti.jpg");
    public static ImageIcon header=new ImageIcon(headerURL);
    public static URL upURL= javax.xml.crypto.Data.class.getResource("/com/xuchong/game/images/up.png");
    public static URL downURL= javax.xml.crypto.Data.class.getResource("/com/xuchong/game/images/down.png");
    public static URL rightURL= javax.xml.crypto.Data.class.getResource("/com/xuchong/game/images/right.png");
    public static URL leftURL= javax.xml.crypto.Data.class.getResource("/com/xuchong/game/images/left.png");
    public static ImageIcon up=new ImageIcon(upURL);
    public static ImageIcon down=new ImageIcon(downURL);
    public static ImageIcon right=new ImageIcon(rightURL);
    public static ImageIcon left=new ImageIcon(leftURL);
    public static URL bodyURL= javax.xml.crypto.Data.class.getResource("/com/xuchong/game/images/body.jpg");
    public static ImageIcon body=new ImageIcon(bodyURL);
    public static URL foodURL= javax.xml.crypto.Data.class.getResource("/com/xuchong/game/images/food.jpg");
    public static ImageIcon food=new ImageIcon(foodURL);
}

面板类：

package com.xuchong.game;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;

//游戏的面板
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener , ActionListener {
    int length;//蛇的长度
    int[] snakeX =new int[600];//蛇的X坐标 25*25
    int[] snakeY =new int[500];//蛇的Y坐标 25*25
    String fx;
    //食物的坐标
    int foodX;
    int foodY;
    Random random=new Random();

    //游戏当前的状态：开始、暂停
    boolean isStart=false;
    boolean isFail=false;
    int grade;
    public void init(){
        length=3;
        snakeX[0]=100;snakeY[0]=100;//头的坐标
        snakeX[1]=75;snakeY[1]=100;//第一个身体的坐标
        snakeX[2]=50;snakeY[2]=100;//第二个身体的坐标
         fx="R";
        //随机分布食物坐标
         foodX= 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
         foodY= 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);
         grade=0;
    }
    //定时器
    Timer timer=new Timer(100,this);//100毫秒执行一次

    //构造器
    public GamePanel(){
        init();
        //获得焦点和键盘事件
        this.setFocusable(true);//获得焦点事件
        this.addKeyListener(this);
        timer.start();//游戏一开始定时器启动
    }
    //绘制面板，游戏中的所有东西使用这个画笔来画
    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
     super.paintComponent(g);//清屏，不用的话会出现闪烁
        this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
        //绘制静态的面板
        Data.header.paintIcon(this,g,25,11);//头部广告栏
        g.fillRect(25,75,850,600);//默认的游戏界面
        //画积分
        g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
        g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,18));
        g.drawString("长度"+length,750,35);
        g.drawString("分数"+grade,750,55);
        //把小蛇画上去
        if(fx.equals("R")){
            Data.right.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//头的坐标
        }else if(fx.equals("L")){
            Data.left.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//头的坐标
        }else if(fx.equals("U")){
            Data.up.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//头的坐标
        }else if(fx.equals("D")){
            Data.down.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//头的坐标
        }
        for (int i = 1; i <length ; i++) {
            Data.body.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[i],snakeY[i]);//第一个身体的坐标
        }
        //画食物
        Data.food.paintIcon(this,g,foodX,foodX);
        //画状态
        if(isFail){
            g.setColor(Color.RED);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));
            g.drawString("失败,按下空格开始游戏",300,300);
        }
    if(isStart==false){
            g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));
            g.drawString("按下空格开始游戏",300,300);
        }
    }
    //键盘监听事件
    @Override
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//获得键盘按键是哪一个
        if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_SPACE){//按下的是空格键
            if(isFail){
                //重新开始
                isFail=false;
                init();
            }else {
                isStart=!isStart;
                repaint();
            }
        }
        //小蛇移动
        if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_UP){
            fx="U";
        }else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
            fx="D";
        }else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
            fx="R";
        }else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
            fx="L";
        }
    }


    //事件监听----需要固定事件来刷新，1s 10次
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if(isStart&&isFail==false){


        //小蛇长大
    if(isStart){
        if(snakeX[0]==foodX&&snakeY[0]==foodY){
            length++;
            //分数加10
            grade=grade+10;
            //再次随机食物
            foodX= 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
            foodY= 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);
        }
    //右移
        for (int i = length-1; i >0 ; i--) {
            snakeX[i]=snakeX[i-1];
            snakeY[i]=snakeY[i-1];
        }
        //走向
        if(fx.equals("R")){
            snakeX[0]=snakeX[0]+25;
            //边界判断
            if (snakeX[0]>850){
                snakeX[0]=25;
            }
        }else if(fx.equals("L")){
            snakeX[0]=snakeX[0]-25;
            //边界判断
            if (snakeX[0]<25){
                snakeX[0]=850;
            }
        }else if(fx.equals("U")){
            snakeY[0]=snakeY[0]-25;
            //边界判断
            if (snakeY[0]<75){
                snakeY[0]=650;
            }
        }else if(fx.equals("D")){
            snakeY[0]=snakeY[0]+25;
            //边界判断
            if (snakeY[0]>650){
                snakeY[0]=75;
            }
        }
    }
    //失败判定，撞到自己就算失败
            for (int i = 1; i <length ; i++) {
                if(snakeX[0]==snakeX[i]&&snakeY[0]==snakeY[i]){
                    isFail=!isFail;
                }
            }
        repaint();
    }
        timer.start();
    }

    @Override
    public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
    }
    @Override
    public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
    }


}

游戏启动类：

package com.xuchong.game;

import javax.swing.*;

//游戏的主启动类
public class StartGame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame jFrame = new JFrame("贪吃蛇小游戏");
        jFrame.add(new GamePanel());//加入游戏面板
        jFrame.setBounds(10,10,900,720);
        jFrame.setVisible(true);
        jFrame.setResizable(false);
        jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}