linux基础编程 链路层socket 摆脱winPcap 夸网段socket通信 可夸平台移植

在linux环境中要从链路层（MAC）直接收发数据帧，可以通过libpcap与libnet两个动态库来分别完成收与发的工作。虽然它已被广泛使用，但在要求进行跨平台移植的软件中使用就很难办到了。。

这是一种更为直接地、无须安装其它库的从MAC层收发数据帧的方式，即通过定义链路层的套接字来完成。

下面的代码也是我做的项目中的代码（夸网段访问网络中的嵌入式设备），去掉了敏感部分，和大家共享！

但是得尊重别人的劳动成果，转载注明出处，谢谢！

#include <string.h>         
#include <stdio.h>          
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h> 
#include <pthread.h>		
#include <sys/types.h>      
#include <sys/socket.h>      
#include <sys/ioctl.h>       
#include <net/if.h>         
#include <linux/if_packet.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>


/*链路层socket接收端口*/
#define RAW_PROTOCOL 0x0909
#define ETH_NAME "eth0"

#define __DEBUG
#ifdef __DEBUG
#define DBG(fmt,args...) fprintf(stdout,  fmt,  ##args)
#else
#define DBG(fmt,args...)
#endif
#define ERR(fmt,args...) fprintf(stderr,  fmt,  ##args)

static int raw_fd;
static int if_index;
static int isSearchQuit = 0;
unsigned char my_mac[6];	/*用于本机保存网卡地址*/

/*接收链路层数据包*/
int GetPacket(unsigned char *buf, int *len)
{
	int length = 0;

	length = recvfrom( raw_fd, buf, 2000, 0, NULL, NULL );
	if ( length < 0 )	{
		ERR("failed to receive buf!");
		return -1;
	}else	{
		*len = length;
		return 0;
	}
}

/*发送链路层数据包*/
int SendPacket(unsigned char *buf, int len)
{
	struct sockaddr_ll link;
	link.sll_ifindex = if_index;

	memcpy( link.sll_addr, buf, link.sll_halen );

	if ( sendto( raw_fd, buf, len, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&link, sizeof(link) ) < 0 )	{
		ERR( "failed to send to RAW socket!\r\n" );
		return -1;
	}
	return 0;
}

void ShowData(unsigned char *d1,int len)
{
	int i;
	for(i=0;i<len;i++)
		printf("%02x ",d1[i]);
	printf("\n\r");
}

void *RawSocketThread(void *arg)
{
	unsigned char rcvPackage[70];
	unsigned char sndPackage[70];
	
	int len;
	int curStatus = 0;
	while(1){
		int ret = 0;
		int done = 0;
		ret = GetPacket(rcvPackage,&len);		//block here
		if(ret == -1)
			break;
		ShowData(rcvPackage,len);
		sleep(1);
		ret = SendPacket(rcvPackage,len);
		if(ret ==-1)
			break;

	}
	pthread_exit(NULL);
	close(raw_fd);
}

int RawSocketInit()
{
	pthread_t tRawSocketThr;
	struct ifreq req;
	/*创建链路层socket，注意PF_PACKET,SOCK_RAW,以及RAW_PROTOCOL(自定义的)*/
	if ( (raw_fd = socket(PF_PACKET, SOCK_RAW, htons( RAW_PROTOCOL ) ) ) < 0 )	{
		ERR( "failed to create raw socket!\n" );
		return -1;
	}
	/*绑定网卡*/
	strcpy( req.ifr_name, ETH_NAME );
	if ( ioctl( raw_fd, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &req ) < 0 )	{
		ERR( "failed to do ioctl!" );
		return -1;
	}
	/*设置工作模式*/
	req.ifr_flags |= IFF_PROMISC;

	if ( ioctl( raw_fd, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &req ) < 0 )	{
		ERR( "failed to set eth0 into promisc mode!" );
		return -1;
	}

	if ( ioctl( raw_fd, SIOCGIFHWADDR, &req ) < 0 )	{
		ERR( "failed to get interface hw address!" );
		return -1;
	}

	memcpy( my_mac, req.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data, sizeof(my_mac) );

	if ( ioctl( raw_fd, SIOCGIFINDEX, &req ) < 0 )	{
		ERR( "failed to get interface index!" );
		return -1;
	}
	if_index = req.ifr_ifindex;

	if(pthread_create(&tRawSocketThr,NULL,RawSocketThread,NULL) == -1){
		ERR("ERROR in RawSocketThread\n");
		return -1;
	}
	pthread_detach(tIPNCSearchThr);
	return 0;
}

#if 1
int main()
{	
	int count =0;
	RawSocketInit();
	while(1){
		sleep(1);
	}

}
#endif 

运行结果，接收自网络中的完整数据包：

[root@localhost src]# ./RawSocket
ff ff ff ff ff ff 1c 6f 65 dc fa fb 09 09 00 00 00 00 06 04 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 a8 01 dc ff ff ff ff ff ff c0 a8 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00