django

1.django-admin.py startproject mysite

2.python manage.py runserver
python manage.py runserver 8080
python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000

3.修改settings.py
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        # 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, '/var/lib/mysql/lalala/db.opt'),
        'NAME': 'mysql',
        'USER': 'username',
        'PASSWORD': 'password',
        'HOST': '',
    }
}
‘NAME’一定要填数据库的名字，填注释掉的那行的时候出错：OperationalError: (1049, "Unknown database '/var/lib/mysql/lalala/db.opt'")

4.python manage.py syncdb
出错 Error loading MySQLdb module: No module named MySQLdb
解决：需要安装mysql-python，下载地址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/mysql-python/?source=dlp
下载完，压缩，然后进入文件夹

python setup.py build
出错，mysql_config not found
原因：没有mysql_config这个文件，apt-get安装的MySQL是没有mysql_config这个文件的
解决：
（1）ubuntu下
执行sudo apt-get install libmysqld-dev
（2）fedora下
执行 sudo yum install python-devel
若出现：my_config.h:没有那个文件或目录，就执行：sudo yum install mysql-devel
注意：yum也是python写的，默认是调用/usr/bin/python的，这是系统本身自带的python，自己安装的一般在/usr/local/bin/python，所以最好别把系统自带的python给卸载掉了，自己下载的python没有yum模块。

 
 

  
  此时执行  find / -name mysql_config 或whereis mysql_config发现系统中
  
  有了mysql_config这个文件
 
 

 
 

  
   更改site.cfg中的设置，将
  
  mysql_config指向正确路径
 
 

再次python setup.py build
出错：Python.h：没有那个文件或目录
解决：安装python-dev，这是Python的头文件和静态库包：sudo apt-get install python-dev 

再次python setup.py build
然后python setup.py install
mysqldb的问题得以解决，证明：import MySQLdb无报错

python manage.py syncdb成功
Creating table django_admin_log
Creating table auth_permission
Creating table auth_group_permissions
Creating table auth_group
Creating table auth_user_groups
Creating table auth_user_user_permissions
Creating table auth_user
Creating table django_content_type
Creating table django_session  

5.python manage.py startapp polls开始应用

6.修改settings.py:
INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'polls',
)
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

7.python manage.py sql polls

BEGIN;
CREATE TABLE `polls_poll` (
    `id` integer AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
    `question` varchar(200) NOT NULL,
    `pub_date` datetime NOT NULL
)
;
CREATE TABLE `polls_choice` (
    `id` integer AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
    `poll_id` integer NOT NULL,
    `choice_text` varchar(200) NOT NULL,
    `votes` integer NOT NULL
)
;
ALTER TABLE `polls_choice` ADD CONSTRAINT `poll_id_refs_id_3aa09835` FOREIGN KEY (`poll_id`) REFERENCES `polls_poll` (`id`);


COMMIT;

注：这些SQL命令并没有真的在Mysql中执行，只是打印出来告诉你Django需要些什么。可以拷贝这些命令到Mysql自己执行，当然Django提供了更好的方式。

一些命令：

 
 
python manage.py validate – Checks for any errors in the construction of your models.
python manage.py sqlcustom polls – Outputs any custom SQL statements (such as table modifications or constraints) that are defined for the application.
python manage.py sqlclear polls – Outputs the necessaryDROP TABLE statements for this app, according to which tables already exist in your database (if any).
python manage.py sqlindexes polls – Outputs theCREATE INDEX statements for this app.
python manage.py sqlall polls – A combination of all the SQL from the sql, sqlcustom, and sqlindexes commands.

8.python manage.py syncdb 再次。执行上面列出的那些SQL命令
Creating tables ...
Creating table polls_poll
Creating table polls_choice
Installing custom SQL ...
Installing indexes ...
Installed 0 object(s) from 0 fixture(s)

9.探索API
python manage.py shell
注：We’re using this instead of simply typing “python”, because manage.py sets the DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE environment variable, which gives Django the Python import path to your settings.py file.

from polls.models import Poll, Choice
from django.utils import timezone
p = Poll(question="What's new?", pub_date=timezone.now())
p.save()
Poll.objects.all()

Django models deal with Unicode by default.All data stored in your database is converted to Unicode when it’s returned.

10.编写views.py,修改urls.py

11.修改settings.py，增加：
TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
    '/home/zhyin/workspace/mysite/mysite/templates/',
)
或

 
 

  
  
  
  
import os.path

TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'templates').replace('\\','/'),
)
from django.template.loader import get_templatefrom django.template import Contextt = get_template('current_datetime.html')
  
  
html = t.render(Context(data))
  
  
return HttpResponse(html)或from django.shortcuts import render_to_responsereturn render_to_response('current_datetime.html', data)
 
 
 
 

  
  

 
 
 
 

  
  python manage.py createsuperuser创建另外的admin帐号