1. String
1.1 string → CString
string str;
CString cstr(str.c_str());
1.2 string → char*
string str;
char* ch;
ch = str.c_str();
1.3string → double
string str;
double dou;
dou = atof(str.c_str());
1.4 string → int
string str;
int i;
i = std::atoi(str.c_str());
2. CString
2.1 CString → char*
CString cstr;
char* ch;
//不出现乱码
ch = cstr.GetBuffer(0);
// 出现乱码，还需将wchar_t*转为char*
ch = toNarrowString(cstr.GetBuffer(0));
2.2 CString → string
CString cstr;
string str = CStringA(cstr);
2.3 CString → int
CString cstr;
int i;
cstr.Format(”%d”, i);
2.4 Format
CString cstr;
// %d转int
cstr.Format(_T(“%d”),temp);
// %f转float,double
cstr.Format(_T(“%f”),temp);
// %s转string
cstr.Format(_T(“%s”),temp);
3. char*
3.1char* → string
char* ch;
string str;
str = ch;
3.2 char* → CString
char* ch;
CString cstr(ch);
3.3 char* → wchar_t*
//转宽字符的处理
wchar_t* toWideString(const char* pStr)
{
// figure out how many wide characters we are going to get
setlocale(LC_ALL, ".936");
//获取双字节的个数，不包含结尾的null，所以要 +1
size_t nChars = mbstowcs(NULL, pStr, 0);
if (nChars == 0)
return L"" ;
// convert the narrow string to a wide string
wchar_t* buff;
buff = new wchar_t[nChars+1];
//转换时将结尾的null-terminate已转换过来
mbstowcs(buff, pStr, nChars + 1) ;
//为确保正确，补齐null
buff[nChars] = 0;
setlocale(LC_ALL, "C");
return buff;
}
std::wstring toWideString(const std::string& str)
{
if (str.empty())
{
return L"";
}
wchar_t* wcRet = toWideString(str.c_str());
wstring ret(wcRet);
delete[] wcRet;
return ret;
}
4. wchar_t*
4.1 wchar_t* → char*
//转窄字符的处理
char* toNarrowString(const wchar_t* pStr)
{
setlocale(LC_ALL, ".936");
//得到需要的字符长度，包括null-terminate
int nChars = wcstombs(NULL , pStr , 0) ;
if (nChars == 0)
return "" ;
// convert the wide string to a narrow string
char* buff = new char[nChars + 1];
//len表示要提取的字符长度，也许小于
wcstombs(buff , pStr , nChars + 1) ;
//最后一位 设置为null
buff[nChars] = 0;
setlocale(LC_ALL, "C");
return buff;
}
std::string toNarrowString(const std::wstring& str)
{
if (str.empty())
{
return "";
}
char* cRet = toNarrowString(str.c_str());
string ret(cRet);
delete[] cRet;
return ret ;
}
5. int
5.1 int → string
//itoa(int, char , radix);
// radix为进制
char ch[10];
int num = 100;
string str;
str = itoa(num, ch , 10);
5.2 int → string
6. long
6.1 long → double
long lon;
double dou;
dou = (double)lon;
7. double
7.1 double → long
double dou;
long lon;
lon = (long)dou;
7.2 double → string
Double dou;
C 货币
2.5.ToString("C")
￥2.50
D 十进制数
25.ToString("D5")
00025
E 科学型
25000.ToString("E")
2.500000E+005
F 固定点
25.ToString("F2")
25.00
G 常规
……
8. float
9. UTF-8
9.1UTF-8 → Unicode
wstring String_utf8ToUnicode(const char* src, std::wstring &t)
{
if (src == NULL)
{
return L"";
}
int size_s = strlen(src);
int size_d = size_s + 10; //?
wchar_t *des = new wchar_t[size_d];
memset(des, 0, size_d * sizeof(wchar_t));
int s = 0, d = 0;
//bool toomuchbyte = true; //set true to skip error prefix.
while (s < size_s && d < size_d)
{
unsigned char c = src[s];
if ((c & 0x80) == 0)
{
des[d++] += src[s++];
}
else if((c & 0xE0) == 0xC0) ///< 110x-xxxx 10xx-xxxx
{
WCHAR &wideChar = des[d++];
wideChar = (src[s + 0] & 0x3F) << 6;
wideChar |= (src[s + 1] & 0x3F);
s += 2;
}
else if((c & 0xF0) == 0xE0) ///< 1110-xxxx 10xx-xxxx 10xx-xxxx
{
WCHAR &wideChar = des[d++];
wideChar = (src[s + 0] & 0x1F) << 12;
wideChar |= (src[s + 1] & 0x3F) << 6;
wideChar |= (src[s + 2] & 0x3F);
s += 3;
}
else if((c & 0xF8) == 0xF0) ///< 1111-0xxx 10xx-xxxx 10xx-xxxx 10xx-xxxx
{
WCHAR &wideChar = des[d++];
wideChar = (src[s + 0] & 0x0F) << 18;
wideChar = (src[s + 1] & 0x3F) << 12;
wideChar |= (src[s + 2] & 0x3F) << 6;
wideChar |= (src[s + 3] & 0x3F);
s += 4;
}
else
{
WCHAR &wideChar = des[d++]; ///< 1111-10xx 10xx-xxxx 10xx-xxxx 10xx-xxxx 10xx-xxxx
wideChar = (src[s + 0] & 0x07) << 24;
wideChar = (src[s + 1] & 0x3F) << 18;
wideChar = (src[s + 2] & 0x3F) << 12;
wideChar |= (src[s + 3] & 0x3F) << 6;
wideChar |= (src[s + 4] & 0x3F);
s += 5;
}
}
t = des;
delete[] des;
des = NULL;
return t;
}
9.2UTF-8 → ansi
string String_utf8ToAnsi(const char *strutf)
{
wstring wStrTmp;
String_utf8ToUnicode( strutf, wStrTmp);
return String_unicodeToAnsi(wStrTmp);
}
10. Unicode
10.1 Unicode → UTF-8
int String_unicodeToUtf8( const wstring& strRes, char *utf8, int nMaxSize )
{
if (utf8 == NULL) {
return -1;
}
int len = 0;
int size_d = nMaxSize;
for (wstring::const_iterator it = strRes.begin(); it != strRes.end(); ++it)
{
wchar_t wchar = *it;
if (wchar < 0x80)
{ //
//length = 1;
utf8[len++] = (char)wchar;
}
else if(wchar < 0x800)
{
//length = 2;
if (len + 1 >= size_d)
return -1;
utf8[len++] = 0xc0 | ( wchar >> 6 );
utf8[len++] = 0x80 | ( wchar & 0x3f );
}
else if(wchar < 0x10000 )
{
//length = 3;
if (len + 2 >= size_d)
return -1;
utf8[len++] = 0xe0 | ( wchar >> 12 );
utf8[len++] = 0x80 | ( (wchar >> 6) & 0x3f );
utf8[len++] = 0x80 | ( wchar & 0x3f );
}
else if( wchar < 0x200000 )
{
//length = 4;
if (len + 3 >= size_d)
return -1;
utf8[len++] = 0xf0 | ( (int)wchar >> 18 );
utf8[len++] = 0x80 | ( (wchar >> 12) & 0x3f );
utf8[len++] = 0x80 | ( (wchar >> 6) & 0x3f );
utf8[len++] = 0x80 | ( wchar & 0x3f );
}
}
return len;
}
11. ansi
11.1ansi → UTF-8
char *String_ansiToUtf8(const string& strSrc)
{
wstring wstrUni = String_ansiToUnicode(strSrc);
int len = wstrUni.length() * 3 + 1;
char* chUTF8 = new char[len];
memset(chUTF8,0x00, len);
int r = String_unicodeToUtf8(wstrUni,chUTF8, wstrUni.length() * 3);
if (r < 0){
puts("toUtf8 error");
}
//strRes = chUTF8;
//delete []chUTF8;
return chUTF8;
}
12. 半角
12.1 半角→全角
string String_halfToFull(string str)
{
//**全角空格为12288，半角空格为32
// **其他字符半角(33-126)与全角(65281-65374)的对应关系是：均相差65248
wstring ws = String_ansiToUnicode(str);
int len =ws.length();
for(int i=0; i<len; i++)
{
if(ws[i]==32)
ws[i] =ws[i] +12256;
if( 126>=ws[i] && ws[i]>=33)
ws[i] =ws[i]+65248;
}
return String_unicodeToAnsi(ws);
}
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