Eclipse Paho MQTT C 客户端库使用教程-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/gitblog_01156/article/details/146721838

Eclipse Paho MQTT C 客户端库使用教程

paho.mqtt.c An Eclipse Paho C client library for MQTT for Windows, Linux and MacOS. API documentation: https://eclipse.github.io/paho.mqtt.c/ 项目地址: https://gitcode.com/gh_mirrors/pa/paho.mqtt.c

1. 项目介绍

Eclipse Paho MQTT C 客户端库是一个开源项目，旨在为开发者提供一套基于C语言的库，用于构建能够与MQTT代理进行通信的应用程序。MQTT（Message Queuing Telemetry Transport）是一种轻量级的消息协议，广泛用于物联网（IoT）设备之间的消息传递。

该库支持多种编程模型，包括同步和异步方式，并且可以通过不同的网络协议（如TCP、SSL/TLS、Unix-domain sockets和Websockets）与MQTT代理进行连接。

2. 项目快速启动

首先，确保您的系统已经安装了以下工具：

CMake
GNU Make 或 Ninja
符合标准的C编译器（如gcc、Clang等）

在Debian基于的系统上，您可以通过以下命令安装所需的包：

apt-get install build-essential gcc make cmake

以下是使用CMake构建项目的步骤：

# 克隆项目仓库
git clone https://github.com/eclipse/paho.mqtt.c.git

# 进入项目目录
cd paho.mqtt.c

# 创建构建目录
mkdir build && cd build

# 运行CMake配置
cmake ..

# 构建项目
make

构建完成后，您会得到几个不同版本的库文件，包括异步和同步版本，带SSL/TLS和不带SSL/TLS的版本。

3. 应用案例和最佳实践

以下是一些简单的代码示例，展示了如何使用Paho MQTT C客户端库发布和订阅消息：

发布消息

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <MQTTClient.h>

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    MQTTClient client;
    MQTTClient_connectOptions conn_opts = MQTTClient_connectOptions_initializer;
    MQTTClient_message pubmsg = MQTTClient_message_initializer;
    MQTTClient_deliveryToken token;
    int rc;

    // 初始化客户端
    MQTTClient_create(&client, "tcp://localhost:1883", "ClientID", MQTTCLIENT_PERSISTENCE_NONE, NULL);

    // 设置连接选项
    conn_opts.keepAliveInterval = 20;
    conn_opts.cleansession = 1;

    // 连接到MQTT代理
    if ((rc = MQTTClient_connect(client, &conn_opts)) != MQTTCLIENT_SUCCESS) {
        printf("Failed to connect, return code %d\n", rc);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    // 准备消息
    pubmsg.payload = "Hello World!";
    pubmsg.payloadlen = strlen("Hello World!");
    pubmsg.qos = 2;
    pubmsg.retained = 0;

    // 发布消息
    MQTTClient_publishMessage(client, "Topic", &pubmsg, &token);
    printf("Waiting for up to 10 seconds for publication of %s\n"
           "for client with ClientID: %s\n",
           "Hello World!", "ClientID");
    MQTTClient_waitForCompletion(client, token, 10000L);

    // 断开连接
    MQTTClient_disconnect(client, 10000);
    MQTTClient_destroy(&client);
    return rc;
}

订阅消息

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <MQTTClient.h>

// 回调函数，当接收到消息时被调用
void onMessage(MQTTClient client, const MQTTClient_message* message) {
    printf("Received message: %s\n", (char*)message->payload);
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    MQTTClient client;
    MQTTClient_connectOptions conn_opts = MQTTClient_connectOptions_initializer;
    MQTTClient_deliveryToken token;
    int rc;

    // 初始化客户端
    MQTTClient_create(&client, "tcp://localhost:1883", "ClientID", MQTTCLIENT_PERSISTENCE_NONE, NULL);

    // 设置连接选项
    conn_opts.keepAliveInterval = 20;
    conn_opts.cleansession = 1;

    // 设置消息回调函数
    MQTTClient_setMessageCallback(client, onMessage);

    // 连接到MQTT代理
    if ((rc = MQTTClient_connect(client, &conn_opts)) != MQTTCLIENT_SUCCESS) {
        printf("Failed to connect, return code %d\n", rc);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    // 订阅主题
    MQTTClient_subscribe(client, "Topic", 2, &token);
    printf("Subscribed to topic\n");

    // 等待一段时间，然后断开连接
    MQTTClient_waitForCompletion(client, token, 10000L);
    MQTTClient_disconnect(client, 10000);
    MQTTClient_destroy(&client);
    return rc;
}