Observer Pattern

Observer Pattern: defines a one-to-many dependency between objects so that when one object changes state, all of its dependent are notified and updated automatically.

The relationship is defined as follows:

Subject-Observer relationships

The Observer Pattern defined the class diagram

From this picture, we can clearly tell that Observer Pattern provides an object design where subjects and observers are loosely coupled.

Design Principle:

Strive for loosely coupled designs between objects that interact. Loosely coupled designs allow us to build flexible OO systems that can handle change because they minimize the interdependency between objects.

#include "../header.h"
using namespace std;

class Observer {
  void update(int temp, int date);
};

class Display {
  virtual void display();
};

class Subject {
  virtual void registerObserver(Observer o) = 0;
  virtual void removeObserver(Observer o) = 0;
  virtual void notifyObservers() = 0;
};
class WeatherData : public Subject {
private:
  set<Observer> observers;
  int tmp;
  int date;
public:
  WeatherData() {
    observers = new set<Observer>();
  }
  void registerObserver(Observer o) {
    observers.insert(o);
  }
  void removeObserver(Observer o) {
    if(observers.count(o)) observers.erase(o);
  }
  void notifyObserver() {
    auto iter = observers.begin();
    while(iter != observers.end()) {
      Observer observer = *iter;
      observer.update(temp, date);
      iter++;
    }
  }
  void measurementsChanged() {
    notifyObserver();
  }
  void setMeasurements(int temp, int date) {
    temp = temp;
    date = date;
    measurementsChanged();
  }
};

class CurrentConditionDisplay : public Observer {
private:
  int temp;
  int date;
  Subject* weatherData;
public:
  CurrentConditionDisplay(Subject* weatherData) {
    weatherData = weatherData;
    weatherData->registerObserver(NULL);
  }
  void update(int temp, int date) {
    temp = temp;
    date = date;
  }

  void display() {
    cout << "temp + date : " << temp << " " << date << endl;
  }
};

int main(void) {
  WeatherData* weatherData = new WeatherData();
  CurrentConditionsDisplay* currentDisplay = new CurrentConditionsDisplay(weatherData);
  weatherData.setMeasurements(1, 1);
}