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结论:当 strncpy 函数的 src 参数的字符串长度小于指定的长度 n 时,strncpy 函数将会在 dest 后面补 0,而不是像 memcpy 那样强制复制 src 字符串后面的 n 个字符。
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测试代码:
#include <QCoreApplication>
#include <QDebug>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
QByteArray ba;
ba.append('a');
ba.append(1, 0x00);
ba.append('b');
QString qstr = QString(ba);
std::string sstr = ba.toStdString();
std::vector<char> buffer1(10, 0);
strcpy(buffer1.data(), sstr.c_str());
std::vector<char> buffer2(10, 0);
strncpy(buffer2.data(), sstr.c_str(), sstr.size());
std::vector<char> buffer3(10, 0);
memcpy(buffer3.data(), sstr.c_str(), sstr.size());
qDebug() << "Finish Test.";
return a.exec();
}
- 打断点调试时,可以看到 buffer1[2] 是 ‘\0’,buffer2[2] 也是 ‘\0’,而 buffer3[2] 是 ‘b’。
- 文档说明:
$ man 3 strncpy
STRCPY(3) Linux Programmer's Manual STRCPY(3)
NAME
strcpy, strncpy - copy a string
SYNOPSIS
#include <string.h>
char *strcpy(char *dest, const char *src);
char *strncpy(char *dest, const char *src, size_t n);
DESCRIPTION
The strcpy() function copies the string pointed to by src, including
the terminating null byte ('\0'), to the buffer pointed to by dest.
The strings may not overlap, and the destination string dest must be
large enough to receive the copy. Beware of buffer overruns! (See
BUGS.)
The strncpy() function is similar, except that at most n bytes of src
are copied. Warning: If there is no null byte among the first n bytes
of src, the string placed in dest will not be null-terminated.
If the length of src is less than n, strncpy() writes additional null
bytes to dest to ensure that a total of n bytes are written.
setJointAngle
A simple implementation of strncpy() might be:
char *
strncpy(char *dest, const char *src, size_t n)
{
size_t i;
for (i = 0; i < n && src[i] != '\0'; i++)
dest[i] = src[i];
for ( ; i < n; i++)
dest[i] = '\0';
return dest;
}
RETURN VALUE
The strcpy() and strncpy() functions return a pointer to the destina‐
tion string dest.
...
- 注意“If the length of src is less than n, strncpy() writes additional null bytes to dest to ensure that a total of n bytes are written.” 这句话。