之前的 博文 是把代理ip写入到txt文件中,然而真实情景中,写入数据比较方便以后调用。
还和之前一样,我先把我遇到的问题说一下:
1.这里必须先安装 pymongo,选择以下其中一种即可,我用的是pip install --upgrade pymongo
2.然后数据库更新后手动刷一下才看到新的数据
# 安装
pip install pymongo
# 升级
pip install --upgrade pymongo
这里先看一个简单的例子,数据是如何写入到mongoDB的:
import pymongo
from pymongo import MongoClient
#1.链接本地数据库服务
name = MongoClient('localhost')
#2.链接本地数据库 demo 没有会创建
db = name.demo #demo数据库名
#3.创建,连接集合
emp = db.employees #employees集合名
#4.根据情况清空聚合
emp.remove(None)
#emp.delete_one()
#emp.delete_many({})
#5.创建一条数据
zhangsan = {
'name':'张三',
'age':30,
'sex':'男',
'contect':{
'email':'abc@qq.com',
'phine':'12345678910'
}
}
#5.1增加一条数据
emp.insert_one(zhangsan)
#5.2增加多条数据
emp.insert_many([
{
'name':'李四',
'habit':{
'habit1':'eat',
'habit2':'sleep'
}
},
{
'name':'王五',
'age':20,
'sex':'男'
},
{
'name':'张三丰',
'age':100,
'sex':'男',
'contect':{
'email':'abcdef@qq.com',
'phine':'12345678910'
}}
])
下面是我实现的代码(原本用于存于txt文件的代码我没注释掉 ,只注释了调用):
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import requests,threading,datetime
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import random
import pymongo
from pymongo import MongoClient
"""
1、抓取西刺代理网站的代理ip
2、并根据指定的目标url,对抓取到ip的有效性进行验证
3、最后存到指定的path
"""
# ------------------------------------------------------数据处理--------------------------------------------------------
#1.链接本地数据库服务
name = MongoClient('localhost')
#2.链接本地数据库 demo 没有会创建
db = name.demo #demo数据库名
#3.创建,连接集合
emp = db.employees #employees集合名
#4.根据情况清空聚合
emp.remove(None)
def writeData(path,text):
emp.insert_one({'ip':text})
# ------------------------------------------------------文档处理--------------------------------------------------------
# 写入文档
def write(path,text):
with open(path,'a', encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.writelines(text)
f.write('\n')
# 清空文档
def truncatefile(path):
with open(path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.truncate()
# 读取文档
def read(path):
with open(path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
txt = []
for s in f.readlines():
txt.append(s.strip())
return txt
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 计算时间差,格式: 时分秒
def gettimediff(start,end):
seconds = (end - start).seconds
m, s = divmod(seconds, 60)
h, m = divmod(m, 60)
diff = ("%02d:%02d:%02d" % (h, m, s))
return diff
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 返回一个随机的请求头 headers
def getheaders():
user_agent_list = [ \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1207.1 Safari/537.1" \
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; CrOS i686 2268.111.0) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.57 Safari/536.11", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1092.0 Safari/536.6", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1090.0 Safari/536.6", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.77.34.5 Safari/537.1", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.9 Safari/536.5", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.0) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.36 Safari/536.5", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_0) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.0 Safari/536.3", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24"
]
UserAgent=random.choice(user_agent_list)
headers = {'User-Agent': UserAgent}
return headers
# -----------------------------------------------------检查ip是否可用----------------------------------------------------
def checkip(targeturl,ip):
headers =getheaders() # 定制请求头
proxies = {"http": "http://"+ip, "https": "http://"+ip} # 代理ip
try:
response=requests.get(url=targeturl,proxies=proxies,headers=headers,timeout=5).status_code
if response == 200 :
return True
else:
return False
except:
return False
#-------------------------------------------------------获取代理方法----------------------------------------------------
# 免费代理 XiciDaili
def findip(type,pagenum,targeturl,path): # ip类型,页码,目标url,存放ip的路径
list={'1': 'http://www.xicidaili.com/nt/', # xicidaili国内普通代理
'2': 'http://www.xicidaili.com/nn/', # xicidaili国内高匿代理
'3': 'http://www.xicidaili.com/wn/', # xicidaili国内https代理
'4': 'http://www.xicidaili.com/wt/'} # xicidaili国外http代理
url=list[str(type)]+str(pagenum) # 配置url
headers = getheaders() # 定制请求头
html=requests.get(url=url,headers=headers,timeout = 5).text
soup=BeautifulSoup(html,'lxml')
all=soup.find_all('tr',class_='odd')
for i in all:
t=i.find_all('td')
ip=t[1].text+':'+t[2].text
is_avail = checkip(targeturl,ip)
if is_avail == True:
# write(path=path,text=ip)
writeData(path=path, text=ip)
print(ip)
#-----------------------------------------------------多线程抓取ip入口---------------------------------------------------
def getip(targeturl,path):
# truncatefile(path) # 爬取前清空文档
start = datetime.datetime.now() # 开始时间
threads=[]
for type in range(4): # 四种类型ip,每种类型取前1页
for pagenum in range(1):
t=threading.Thread(target=findip,args=(type+1,pagenum+1,targeturl,path))
threads.append(t)
print('开始爬取代理ip')
for s in threads: # 开启多线程爬取
s.start()
for e in threads: # 等待所有线程结束
e.join()
print('爬取完成')
end = datetime.datetime.now() # 结束时间
diff = gettimediff(start, end) # 计算耗时
# ips = read(path) # 读取爬到的ip数量
# print('一共爬取代理ip: %s 个,共耗时: %s \n' % (len(ips), diff))
#-------------------------------------------------------启动-----------------------------------------------------------
if __name__ == '__main__':
path = 'ip.txt' # 存放爬取ip的文档path
targeturl = 'http://www.cnblogs.com/TurboWay/' # 验证ip有效性的指定url
getip(targeturl,path)
效果如下:
参考: