Android基于ffmpeg将各种封装格式的视频转换成yuv格式文件

以下内容基于ffmpeg2.6.9:

几个关键的结构体：

• AVFormatContext 包含码流信息结构体
• AVCodecContext 解码器上下文
• AVCodec 解码器
• SwsContext 像素信息转换上下文
• AVPacket 包含一帧画面的信息
• AVFrame 解析出一帧的画面

流程概括：

1. av_register_all()
2. avformat_open_input
3. avformat_find_stream_info
4. 获取视频流
5. 根据视频流获得解码器上下文AVCodecContext
6. 根据上下文AVCodecContext获得解码器
7. avcodec_open2()初始化解码器上下文
8. 读取一帧的画面>=0
9. 得到packet并且开始解码：avcodec_decode_video2
10. 使用sws_scale()根据解码得到的frame转换像素信息

编码：

#include <jni.h>
#include <string>
#include <android/log.h>
extern "C" {
    //编码
    #include "libavcodec/avcodec.h"
    //封装格式处理
    #include "libavformat/avformat.h"
    //像素处理
    #include "libswscale/swscale.h"
}

#define LOGE(FORMAT, ...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_ERROR,"Guo", FORMAT, ##__VA_ARGS__)
#define LOGI(FORMAT, ...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO, "Guo", FORMAT, ##__VA_ARGS__)
extern "C"
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
Java_com_hyhl_learning_ffmpegdemo_MainActivity_open(
        JNIEnv *env,
        jobject obj, jstring inputStr, jobject surface, jstring outputStr/* this */) {

    const char *input  = env->GetStringUTFChars(inputStr, JNI_FALSE);
    const char *output = env->GetStringUTFChars(outputStr, JNI_FALSE);

    //注册各大组件
    av_register_all();

    AVFormatContext *  avFormatContext  = avformat_alloc_context();

    if (avformat_open_input(&avFormatContext, input, NULL, NULL) < 0) {
        LOGE("打开文件失败");
        return;
    }

    if (avformat_find_stream_info(avFormatContext, NULL) < 0) {
        LOGE("获取信息失败");
        return;
    }

    int videos_index = -1;
    for (int i = 0; i < avFormatContext->nb_streams; ++i) {
        if (avFormatContext->streams[i]->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
            videos_index = i;
        }
    }
    AVCodecContext *avCodecContext = avFormatContext->streams[videos_index]->codec;

    AVCodec *pCodec = avcodec_find_decoder(avCodecContext->codec_id);

    if (avcodec_open2(avCodecContext, pCodec, NULL) < 0) {
        LOGE("解码失败");
        return;
    }

    SwsContext* swsContext = sws_getContext(avCodecContext->width, avCodecContext->height,avCodecContext->pix_fmt,
                    avCodecContext->width, avCodecContext->height,AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P,
                    SWS_BILINEAR,NULL,NULL,NULL);

    AVPacket * packet = (AVPacket*)av_malloc(sizeof(AVPacket));
    av_init_packet(packet);

    AVFrame* frame = av_frame_alloc();

    AVFrame* yuvFrame = av_frame_alloc();

    const  uint8_t * yuvsize = (const uint8_t *)av_malloc(avpicture_get_size(AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P, avCodecContext->width, avCodecContext->height));
    avpicture_fill((AVPicture *)yuvFrame, yuvsize, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P, avCodecContext->width, avCodecContext->height);
    
    int got_picture;
    FILE * yuvFile = fopen(output, "wb");
    while (av_read_frame(avFormatContext,packet) >= 0) {
        avcodec_decode_video2(avCodecContext, frame, &got_picture, packet);
        if (got_picture > 0) {
            sws_scale(swsContext,
                    (const uint8_t* const*)frame->data,
                    frame->linesize, 0, frame->height,
                    yuvFrame->data, yuvFrame->linesize);
        int y_size = avCodecContext->width * avCodecContext->height;
        fwrite(yuvFrame->data[0], 1, y_size, yuvFile);
        fwrite(yuvFrame->data[1], 1, y_size/4, yuvFile);
        fwrite(yuvFrame->data[2], 1, y_size/4, yuvFile);
        }
        av_free_packet(packet);
    }
        /**
         * 释放资源
         */
        fclose(yuvFile);
        av_frame_free(&yuvFrame);
        av_frame_free(&frame);
        sws_freeContext(swsContext);
        avcodec_close(avCodecContext);
        avformat_close_input(&avFormatContext);
        env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(inputStr, input);
        env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(outputStr, output);
}