Spring框架获取ApplicationContext的方式

一、获取ApplicationContext的方法

1.通过ClassPathXmlApplicationContext获取；

2.通过FileSystemXmlApplicationContext获取；

3.通过AnnotationConfigApplicationContext获取；

4.通过继承ApplicationContextAware获取；

二、代码示例

如下示例提供4种方式获取ApplicationContext，然后再通过上下文获取Bean对象。

App.java文件：

public class App {
    public static void main( String[] args )
    {
        //方式1：spring-config.xml文件必须在jar包resource目录下
        ApplicationContext context1 = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-config.xml");
        Bean1 b1 = context1.getBean(Bean1.class);
        System.out.println(b1.hello("b1"));

        //方式2：spring-config.xml文件必须在程序运行当前目录下
        ApplicationContext context2 = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("spring-config.xml");
        Bean1 b2 = context2.getBean(Bean1.class);
        System.out.println(b2.hello("b2"));

        //方式3：MyConfig设置ComponentScan的路径，并且Bean1使用@Component注解
        ApplicationContext context3 = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MyConfig.class);
        Bean1 b3 = context3.getBean(Bean1.class);
        System.out.println(b3.hello("b3"));

        //方式4：MyContext实现ApplicationContextAware接口
        ApplicationContext context4 = MyContext.getApplicationContext();
        Bean1 b4 = context4.getBean(Bean1.class);
        System.out.println(b4.hello("b4"));
    }
}

 Bean1.java文件：

@Component
public class Bean1 {
    Bean1(){
        System.out.println("=================Bean1构造");
    }

    public String hello(String name){
        return  "=================hello " + name;
    }
}

spring-config.xml配置文件：(方式1和方式2使用) 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="Bean1" class="com.gk.testcontext.Bean1"></bean>
</beans>

MyConfig.java文件：（方式3使用）

@Configuration
@ComponentScan({"com.gk"})
public class MyConfig {
    MyConfig(){
        System.out.println("=================MyConfig构造");
    }
}

MyContext.java文件：（方式4使用）

@Component
public class MyContext implements ApplicationContextAware {
    private static ApplicationContext myApplicationContext;
    MyContext(){
        System.out.println("=================MyContext构造");
    }
    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext context){
        myApplicationContext = context;
    }
    public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext(){
        return myApplicationContext;
    }
}

pom文件中增加如下依赖：

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

执行结果：