好玩Spring之获取ApplicationContext的几种方式

// 方式一：通过 AnnotationConfigApplicationContext / FileSystemXmlApplicationContext / ClassPathXmlApplicationContext
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext annotationConfigApplicationContext =
        new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Config.class);
MyClass myClass = annotationConfigApplicationContext.getBean("myClass", MyClass.class);
System.out.println(myClass);

// 方式二：实现ApplicationContextAware接口
ApplicationContext applicationContext = ContextHolder.getApplicationContext();
myClass = applicationContext.getBean("myClass", MyClass.class);
System.out.println(myClass);

// 方式三：继承ApplicationObjectSupport类，
// ApplicationObjectSupport也是实现了ApplicationContextAware接口
myClass = AppSupport.getBean("myClass");
System.out.println(myClass);

// 方式四：继承WebApplicationObjectSupport类，
// 该类又继承了ApplicationObjectSupport类
// 这种方式，必须在web容器下才可以取到
myClass = WebAppSupport.getBean("myClass");
System.out.println(myClass);

// 方式五：利用@Autowired / @Resource 注解
AutoContext autoContext = annotationConfigApplicationContext.getBean("autoContext", AutoContext.class);
myClass = autoContext.getBean("myClass");
System.out.println(myClass);

// 方式六：通过ContextLoader.getCurrentWebApplicationContext
// springboot下，这种方式获取不到
// 参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/zhuzhen/p/8582504.html
WebApplicationContext currentWebApplicationContext = ContextLoader.getCurrentWebApplicationContext();
myClass = (MyClass) currentWebApplicationContext.getBean("myClass");
System.out.println(myClass);

// 方式七：通过WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext
// 这种方式，必须在web容器下才可以取到
ServletRequestAttributes requestAttributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
HttpServletRequest request = requestAttributes.getRequest();
ApplicationContext ctx = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(request.getSession().getServletContext());
myClass = (MyClass) ctx.getBean("myClass");
System.out.println(myClass);

方式二，ContextHolder类的代码为：

@Component
public class ContextHolder implements ApplicationContextAware {

    private static ApplicationContext context;

    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
        this.context = applicationContext;
    }

    public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext() {
        return context;
    }
}

方式三，AppSupport类的代码为：

@Component
public class AppSupport extends ApplicationObjectSupport {

    private static ApplicationContext context;

    @PostConstruct
    public void getContext() {
        context = super.getApplicationContext();
    }

    public static <T>T getBean(String beanName){
        return (T) context.getBean(beanName);
    }
}

方式四，WebAppSupport类的代码：

@Component
public class WebAppSupport extends WebApplicationObjectSupport {

    private static ApplicationContext context;

    @PostConstruct
    public void getContext() {
        context = super.getWebApplicationContext();
    }

    public static <T>T getBean(String beanName){
        return (T) context.getBean(beanName);
    }
}

方式五

@Component
public class AutoContext {

    @Resource
    private ApplicationContext ctx;

    public <T>T getBean(String beanName){
        return (T) ctx.getBean(beanName);
    }
}

方式一/二/三/五，可以在非web环境中取到ApplicationContext。
方式四/六/七，可以在web环境中取到ApplicationContext。
方式四，在默认的springboot中取不到ApplicationContext，参考注释的解答。

还是更推荐方式二（实现ApplicationContextAware接口）来获取ApplicationContext，不管是什么环境都通用，而且方式三和方式四，本身也是实现的ApplicationContextAware接口。