Tomcat服务器启动报错：A child container failed during start

严重: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/emap]]
 at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerGet(FutureTask.java:222)
 at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:83)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1123)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:800)
 at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1559)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1549)
 at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:303)
 at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:138)
 at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:895)
 at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:918)
 at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/emap]]
 at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
 ... 7 more
Caused by: java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: org/apache/logging/log4j/web/Log4jServletContainerInitializer : Unsupported major.minor version 51.0 (unable to load class org.apache.logging.log4j.web.Log4jServletContainerInitializer)
 at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:2922)
 at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1174)
 at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1669)
 at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1547)
 at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
 at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:249)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.getServletContainerInitializer(ContextConfig.java:1668)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.getServletContainerInitializers(ContextConfig.java:1652)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processServletContainerInitializers(ContextConfig.java:1562)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1270)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:878)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:376)
 at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:119)
 at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5322)
 at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
 ... 7 more
2017-4-3 14:06:24 org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
严重: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
 at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerGet(FutureTask.java:222)
 at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:83)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1123)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:302)
 at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:443)
 at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:732)
 at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:691)
 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
 at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
 at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:322)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:456)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
 at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1559)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1549)
 at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:303)
 at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:138)
 at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:895)
 at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:918)
 at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1131)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:800)
 at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
 ... 7 more
2017-4-3 14:06:24 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
严重: The required Server component failed to start so Tomcat is unable to start.
org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardServer[8005]]
 at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:691)
 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
 at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
 at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:322)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:456)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardService[Catalina]]
 at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:732)
 at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
 ... 7 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina]]
 at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:443)
 at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
 ... 9 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1131)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:302)
 at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
 ... 11 more

错误一大堆，但tomcat本身一般是没问题的，注意找到其中的一个关键错误：

java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: org/apache/logging/log4j/web/Log4jServletContainerInitializer : Unsupported major.minor version 51.0 (unable to load class org.apache.logging.log4j.web.Log4jServletContainerInitializer)

因为生产环境要求项目编译为1.6版本，1.6对应version 50，1.7对应51，1.8对应52，所以这里我们需要把高版本的Log4j引用包  更改为   更低的版本即可。