一、程序填空题
程序通过定义学生结构体变量,存储了学生的学号、姓名和三门课的成绩。所有学生数据均以二进制方式输出到文件中。函数fun的功能是重写形参filename所指文件中最后一个学生的学生数据,即用新的学生数据覆盖该学生原来的数据,其他学生数据不变。
#include <stdio.h>
#define N 5
typedef struct student {
long sno;
char name[10];
float score[3];
} STU;
void fun(char *filename, STU n)
{ FILE *fp;
/**********found**********/
fp = fopen(__1__, "rb+");
/**********found**********/
fseek(__2__, -(long)sizeof(STU), SEEK_END);
/**********found**********/
fwrite(&n, sizeof(STU), 1, __3__);
fclose(fp);
}
void main()
{ STU t[N]={ {10001,"MaChao", 91, 92, 77}, {10002,"CaoKai", 75, 60, 88},
{10003,"LiSi", 85, 70, 78}, {10004,"FangFang", 90, 82, 87},
{10005,"ZhangSan", 95, 80, 88}};
STU n={10006,"ZhaoSi", 55, 70, 68}, ss[N];
int i,j; FILE *fp;
fp = fopen("student.dat", "wb");
fwrite(t, sizeof(STU), N, fp);
fclose(fp);
fp = fopen("student.dat", "rb");
fread(ss, sizeof(STU), N, fp);
fclose(fp);
printf("\nThe original data :\n\n");
for (j=0; j<N; j++)
{ printf("\nNo: %ld Name: %-8s Scores: ",ss[j].sno, ss[j].name);
for (i=0; i<3; i++) printf("%6.2f ", ss[j].score[i]);
printf("\n");
}
fun("student.dat", n);
printf("\nThe data after modifing :\n\n");
fp = fopen("student.dat", "rb");
fread(ss, sizeof(STU), N, fp);
fclose(fp);
for (j=0; j<N; j++)
{ printf("\nNo: %ld Name: %-8s Scores: ",ss[j].sno, ss[j].name);
for (i=0; i<3; i++) printf("%6.2f ", ss[j].score[i]);
printf("\n");
}
}
答案:(1) filename (2) fp (3) fp
二、程序修改题
在此程序中,函数Creatlink的功能是:创建带头结点的单向链表,并为各结点数据赋0到m-1的值。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef struct aa
{ int data;
struct aa *next;
} NODE;
NODE *Creatlink(int n, int m)
{ NODE *h=NULL, *p, *s;
int i;
/**********found***********/
p=(NODE )malloc(sizeof(NODE));
h=p;
p->next=NULL;
for(i=1; i<=n; i++)
{ s=(NODE *)malloc(sizeof(NODE));
s->data=rand()%m; s->next=p->next;
p->next=s; p=p->next;
}
/**********found***********/
return p;
}
void outlink(NODE *h)
{ NODE *p;
p=h->next;
printf("\n\nTHE LIST :\n\n HEAD ");
while(p)
{ printf("->%d ",p->data);
p=p->next;
}
printf("\n");
}
void main()
{ NODE *head;
head=Creatlink(8,22);
outlink(head);
}
答案:(1) p=(NODE * )malloc(sizeof(NODE)); (2) return h;
三、程序设计题
在此程序中,编写函数fun,该函数的功能是:统计一行字符串单词的个数,作为函数值返回。字符串在主函数中输入,规定所有单词由小写字母组成,单词之间有若干个空格隔开,一行的开始没有空格。
#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#define N 80
int fun(char *s)
{
}
void main()
{
FILE *wf;
char line[N];
int num=0;
printf("Enter a string:\n ");
gets(line);
num=fun(line);
printf("The number of word is:%d\n\n ",num);
/******************************/
wf=fopen("out.dat","w");
fprintf(wf,"%d",fun("a big car"));
fclose(wf);
/*****************************/
}
答案:
int i,j=0;
for(i=0;s[i]!='\0';i++)
if(s[i]!=' '&&(s[i+1]==' '||s[i+1]=='\0')) /*如果一个字母的下一个字符为空格或者结束标记,则表示一个单词结束*/
j++;
return j; /*返回单词个数*/