Linux命令大全网站(https://man.linuxde.net/)
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常用的一些指令:
下面这些是常用的一些命令释义:
ls - List the contents of your present working directory.
pwd - Shows you what your present working directory is.
cd - Let you change directories.
rm - Remove one or more files.
rmdir - Remove an empty directory.
mkdir - Make a directory.
ps - Provides a list of currently running processes.
cp - Copy a file.
mv - Move a file (this is also used to rename a file. "Moving" it from one file name to another.)
grep - The global regular expression print program lets you search through a file or output of another program.
find - Find a file on the filesystem (100% accurate, but not fast).
locate - Find a file on the filesystem from a cached list of files (Fast, but not 100% accurate).
man - Displays the manual for most commands (including 'man').
clear - clear the screen
less - view the contents of a file
nano - Nano's ANOther editor
sudo - super user do
su - switch user (default to root)
view - Start in read-only mode. You will be protected from writing the files. Can also be done with the "-R" argument.
文件管理类命令:
ls -- LiSt
cd -- Change Directory
pwd -- Print Working Directory
cp -- CoPy
mv -- MoVe
rm -- ReMove
pushd -- PUSH to Directory
popd -- POP from Directory
mkdir -- MaKe DIRectory
rmdir -- ReMove DIRectory
cat -- CATenate(有说是conCATenate)
catenate 是一个艰深难懂的单字,意思是"把它连成一串", 这就是"cat" 这个指令对一个或多个档案所做的处理。
sed -- Stream EDitor
diff -- DIFFerence
wc -- Word Count
chmod -- CHange MODe
chown -- CHange OWNer
chgrp -- CHange GRouP
awk -- Aho Weinberger and Kernighan
awk = "Aho Weinberger and Kernighan" 这个语言以作者 Al Aho, Peter Weinberger 和 Brian Kernighan 的姓来命名。
gawk -- Gnu Aho Weinberger and Kernighan
grep -- General Regular Expression Print
ln -- LiNk
tar -- TARball
编辑器类命令:
ed -- EDitor
nano -- Nano's ANOther editor(还有)
emacs -- Editor MACroS(还有很多全称,就不罗列了,这个接受度比较广)
vi -- VIsual
vim -- Vi Improved
硬件管理命令:
df -- Disk Free
du -- Disk Usage
dd -- Data Description(一说是Convert and Copy, 但是cc被用掉了,就用dd了)
parted -- PARTition EDitor
lspci -- LiSt Peripheral Component Interconnect
lscpu -- LiSt Central Process Unit
lsusb -- LiSt Universal Serial Bus
mdadm -- 只知道md是multiple device!!
软件及软件包管理类命令:
man -- MANual
apt -- Advanced Packaging Tool
dpkg -- Debian PacKaGe
yum -- Yellow dog Updater, Modified
rpm -- RPM Package Manager(又作Redhat Package Manager)
系统管理(主要是内核模组)类命令:
depmod -- DEPend MODule
lsmod -- LiSt MODule
modprobe -- MODule PROBE
modinfo -- MODule INFOrmation
insmod -- INSert MODule
rmmod -- ReMove MODule
ps -- Processes Status
su -- Substitute User
bash -- Bourne Again SHell
init -- INITialization(差点把这个忘了)
ssh -- Secure SHell
wine -- Wine Is Not an Emulator(哈哈,又来了)
exec -- EXECute
fstab -- FileSystem TABle
passwd -- PASSWorD
tty -- TeleTYpe
sudo -- SuperUser DO
grub -- GRand Unified Bootloader(Linux全家桶启动就靠它了)
tzselect -- Time Zone SELECT
sync -- SYNChronize
写程序时会用到的命令:
cc -- C Compiler
gcc -- Gnu Compiler Collection(作为一个软件集被你下载下来编译安装的时候)
gcc -- Gnu C Compiler (作为一个软件被你调用来编译C程序的时候)
g++ -- Gnu c++ compiler(其实g++只是调用gcc,然后连接c++的库,并且作相应的一些编译设置而已)
gcj -- Gnu Compiler for Java
yacc -- Yet Another Compiler Compiler
guile -- Gnu Ubiquitous Intelligent Language for Extensions
php -- PHP:Hypertext Preprocessor
ld -- Link eDitor(为啥不是le我不太明白,但是GNU官方名叫Linker)
关于 ld... 如果我是设计者的话,我会担心跟表示“小于等于”的 le 重名。也有材料说是来源于 load (see GNU linker).
gdb -- Gnu DeBug
tcl -- Tool Command Line
图形界面
gnome -- GNu Object Model Environment
gdm -- Gnome Display Manager
gtk -- Graphic user interface ToolKit
qt -- Toolkit(不说Q了,用Q只是因为在开发者的Emacs中Q特别漂亮…………)
kde -- K Desktop Environment
lxde -- Lightweight X11 Desktop Environment
xfce -- XForms Common Environment
最后,欢迎大家探讨补充或者指正