运算符重载初探

大一的时候学习C++，用的谭浩强那本红皮书，学到运算符重载的时候，心里很没底，学了也就忘了。这些天使用某个类库代码，N多运算符重载，只好硬着头皮学习了。笔记如下：

本节目的：练习使用 加减乘除运算符、自增自减、以及输入输出运算符的重载。

先看某个类的头文件代码：

#ifndef CLASS_HEADER_H
#define CLASS_HEADER_H


#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class CExample
{
public:
    CExample();
//  CExample(int _value = 0);
    ~CExample();

    void SetValue(int _value);

    CExample operator + (CExample other);
    CExample operator + (int _add);
    CExample operator * (CExample other);
    CExample operator * (const int times);
//  CExample operator ++ ();
//  CExample operator ++ (int);
    void operator <<(int& _value);
    void operator >>(int& _value);

    friend CExample operator + (const int, const CExample& ex);
    friend CExample operator + ( const CExample& ex, const int _add);
    friend CExample operator * (const int times, const CExample& ex);
    friend CExample operator * (const CExample& ex, const int times);
    friend CExample& operator ++ (CExample& ex);
    friend CExample& operator ++ (CExample& ex, int a);
//  friend bool operator == (CExample ex1, CExample ex2);
    friend ostream& operator << (ostream& out, CExample& ex);

    void display();

protected:
	
private:
    int value;
};

#endif

下面是其cpp实现文件代码：

///*********************************************************
// * ClassSource.cpp
// * [9/8/2012 Administrator]
// *
// * 说明：
//*********************************************************

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "ClassHeader.h"


CExample::CExample()
{

}

// CExample::CExample(int _value)
// {
// 	value = _value;
// }

CExample::~CExample()
{

}

void CExample::SetValue(int _value)
{
    value = _value;
}

CExample CExample::operator +(CExample other)
{
    //return CExample(value + other.value);

    CExample ex;
    ex.SetValue(this->value + other.value);
    return ex;
}

CExample CExample::operator +(int _add)
{
    //return CExample(value + _add);

    CExample ex;
    ex.value = this->value + _add;
    return ex;
}

CExample CExample::operator *(CExample other)
{
    //return CExample(value * other.value);

    CExample ex;
    ex.value = this->value * other.value;
    return ex;
}

CExample CExample::operator * (const int times)
{
    //return CExample(value + _add);

    CExample ex;
    ex.value = this->value * times;
    return ex;
}

// CExample CExample::operator ++()
// {
//    //return CExample(value+1);
// 
//     this->value++ ;
//     return *this;
// }

// CExample CExample::operator ++(int a)
// {
//     //return CExample(value+1);
// 
//     this->value++ ;
//     return *this;
// }

// bool CExample::operator ==(CExample other)
// {
// 	return value == other.value;
// }

void CExample::operator <<(int& _value)
{
    _value = this->value;
}

void CExample::operator >>(int& _value)
{
     this->value = _value;
}

void CExample::display()
{
    cout<<"value: "<<value<<endl;
}

// 在CExample类中声明过的友元函数
CExample operator + (const int _add, const CExample& ex)
{
    CExample ex1;
    ex1.value = ex.value + _add;
    return ex1;
}

CExample operator + ( const CExample& ex,const int _add)
{
    CExample ex1;
    ex1.value = ex.value + _add;
    return ex1;
}

CExample operator * (const int times, const CExample& ex)
{
    CExample ex1;
    ex1.value = ex.value * times;
    return ex1;
}

CExample operator * (const CExample& ex, const int times)
{
    CExample ex1;
    ex1.value = ex.value * times;
    return ex1;
}

CExample& operator ++ (CExample& ex)
{
    ex.value++;
    return ex;
}

CExample& operator ++ (CExample& ex, int a)
{
    ex.value++;
    return ex;
}

ostream& operator << (ostream& out, CExample& ex)
{
    out<<"value: "<<ex.value<<endl;
    return out;
}

接下来在main函数中测试：

//*********************************************************
// * MainTest.cpp
// * [9/8/2012 Administrator]
// *
// * 说明：
//*********************************************************
#include <iostream>
#include "ClassHeader.h"

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    CExample ex1,ex2, ex3;

    ex1.SetValue(1);
    ex2.SetValue(2);

    ex3 = ex1 + ex2;
    cout<<"1.测试 CExample + CExample："<<endl;
    ex3.display();

    ex3 = ex1 + 5;
    cout<<"2.测试 CExample + int："<<endl;
    ex3.display();

    ex3 = 4 + ex1;
    cout<<"3.测试 int + CExample："<<endl;
    ex3.display();

    ex3 = ex1 * ex2;
    cout<<"4.测试 CExample * CExample："<<endl;
    ex3.display();

    ex3 = 6 * ex1;
    cout<<"5.测试 int * CExample："<<endl;
    ex3.display();

    ex3 = ex1 * 6;
    cout<<"6.测试 CExample * int："<<endl;
    ex3.display();

    ex3.SetValue(8);
    ++ex3;
    cout<<"7.测试 ++CExample："<<endl;
    ex3.display();

    ex3.SetValue(10);
    ex3++;
    cout<<"8.测试 CExample++："<<endl;
    ex3.display();

    ex3.SetValue(10);
    cout<<"9.测试 cout<<CExample："<<endl;
    cout<<ex3;

    ex3.SetValue(10);
    int a = 0;
    ex3<<a;
    cout<<"10.测试 CExample<<："<<endl;
    cout<<"a = "<<a<<endl;

    int b = 5;
    ex3>>b;
    cout<<"11.测试 CExample>>："<<endl;
    cout<<ex3;

    return 0; 
}