转载请注明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/goldenfish1919/article/details/38435799
1.android源码中封装了一个WebViewFragment:
public class WebViewFragment extends Fragment {
private WebView mWebView;
private boolean mIsWebViewAvailable;
public WebViewFragment() {
}
/**
* Called to instantiate the view. Creates and returns the WebView.
*/
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
if (mWebView != null) {
mWebView.destroy();
}
mWebView = new WebView(getActivity());
mIsWebViewAvailable = true;
return mWebView;
}
/**
* Called when the fragment is visible to the user and actively running. Resumes the WebView.
*/
@Override
public void onPause() {
super.onPause();
mWebView.onPause();
}
/**
* Called when the fragment is no longer resumed. Pauses the WebView.
*/
@Override
public void onResume() {
mWebView.onResume();
super.onResume();
}
/**
* Called when the WebView has been detached from the fragment.
* The WebView is no longer available after this time.
*/
@Override
public void onDestroyView() {
mIsWebViewAvailable = false;
super.onDestroyView();
}
/**
* Called when the fragment is no longer in use. Destroys the internal state of the WebView.
*/
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
if (mWebView != null) {
mWebView.destroy();
mWebView = null;
}
super.onDestroy();
}
/**
* Gets the WebView.
*/
public WebView getWebView() {
return mIsWebViewAvailable ? mWebView : null;
}
}
这种用法应该是最正宗的使用方式,有两点要注意:
(1)webview是用代码new出来的,而非配置在xml中的。网上有文章说写在xml中会导致内存无法释放,没验证过。
(2)webview也是有生命周期的,要注意onPause()和onResume()方法。
WebView.java:
/**
* Pauses any extra processing associated with this WebView and its
* associated DOM, plugins, JavaScript etc. For example, if this WebView is
* taken offscreen, this could be called to reduce unnecessary CPU or
* network traffic. When this WebView is again "active", call onResume().
* Note that this differs from pauseTimers(), which affects all WebViews.
*/
public void onPause() {
checkThread();
if (DebugFlags.TRACE_API) Log.d(LOGTAG, "onPause");
mProvider.onPause();
}
/**
* Resumes a WebView after a previous call to onPause().
*/
public void onResume() {
checkThread();
if (DebugFlags.TRACE_API) Log.d(LOGTAG, "onResume");
mProvider.onResume();
}
(3)创建WebView的时候的Context应该是Activity而非Application。如果传入的是Application,那么WebView将无法弹出Dialog,而且无法播放flash。
(4)网上还有文章说,WebView进入后台以后,WebViewCoreThread还在运行,这个问题在Android 4中仍然存在,参考:
http://www.anddev.org/other-coding-problems-f5/webviewcorethread-problem-t10234.html,解决办法也很简单,因为新的WebView提供了两个方法:
/**
* Pauses all layout, parsing, and JavaScript timers for all WebViews. This
* is a global requests, not restricted to just this WebView. This can be
* useful if the application has been paused.
*/
public void pauseTimers() {
checkThread();
if (DebugFlags.TRACE_API) Log.d(LOGTAG, "pauseTimers");
mProvider.pauseTimers();
}
/**
* Resumes all layout, parsing, and JavaScript timers for all WebViews.
* This will resume dispatching all timers.
*/
public void resumeTimers() {
checkThread();
if (DebugFlags.TRACE_API) Log.d(LOGTAG, "resumeTimers");
mProvider.resumeTimers();
}
方便起见,调用了mWebView.onPause();以后,顺带调用下mWebView.pauseTimers();就可以了,当然在调用了mWebView.onResume();以后,也要调用下resumeTimers()就ok了,可以写一个带timer的页面,在DDMS验证下。
2.关于WebView和Cookie:
假如是Web页面设置的Cookie,native不用做任何处理,WebView在访问同一个站点的时候,会把cookie信息携带上去,而如果是native想设置一个cookie,还能传递到web页面中,就需要做些额外的工作了。
这是我们的webview:
webView = (WebView) this.findViewById(R.id.webview1);
webView.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient());
webView.loadUrl("http://10.73.59.112:8080/sess/login.jsp");
login.jsp:
<%
Cookie cookies[] = request.getCookies() ;
if(cookies != null && cookies.length > 0){
out.print("<br/>");
out.print("cookie:<br/>");
for(Cookie cookie : cookies ){
out.print(cookie.getName() +"=" + cookie.getValue() +"<br/>");
}
}
%>
<br/>
<form action="result.jsp">
username:<input type="text" name="username"><br/>
password:<input type="text" name="password"><br/>
<input type="submit" value="submit"/>
</form>
点击submit按钮,会跳转到result.jsp:
<%
String username = (String)request.getParameter("username");
String password = (String)request.getParameter("password");
if(username != null && username.length() > 0){
Cookie cookie = new Cookie("username",username) ;
cookie.setMaxAge(120) ;
response.addCookie(cookie);
}
if(password != null && password.length() > 0){
Cookie cookie = new Cookie("password",password) ;
cookie.setMaxAge(120) ;
response.addCookie(cookie);
}
%>
<a href="login.jsp">back</a>
这里是有一个back连接,然后会把username和password写到cookie中,如果点击back返回到login.jsp,页面上应该会输出刚才设置的cookie。为了能在同一个webview中显示页面内容,我们要自定义一个WebViewClient:
class webViewClient extends WebViewClient {
// 重写shouldOverrideUrlLoading方法,使点击链接后不使用其他的浏览器打开。
@Override
public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) {
view.loadUrl(url);
// 如果不需要其他对点击链接事件的处理返回true,否则返回false
return true;
}
}
假如我们想一打开页面的时候,就传递一个cookie到web页面,可以再打开页面之前这样传递cookie:
synCookies(this, "http://10.73.59.112:8080/sess/login.jsp");
public static void synCookies(Context context, String url) {
CookieSyncManager.createInstance(context);
CookieManager cookieManager = CookieManager.getInstance();
cookieManager.setAcceptCookie(true);
cookieManager.removeSessionCookie();//移除
cookieManager.setCookie(url, "hello=world; Expires=Fri, 09-Aug-2014 02:37:42 GMT");
CookieSyncManager.getInstance().sync(); <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">} </span>
打开页面的时候,就能和看到我们写到的hello=world这个cookie了。
关于拦截:
webView.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient() {
@Override
public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) {
Log.e("test", "shouldOverrideUrlLoading,"+url);
return false;
}
public void onPageStarted(WebView view, String url, Bitmap favicon) {
Log.e("test", "onPageStarted,"+url);
}
@Override
public void onPageFinished(WebView webView, String url){
Log.e("test", "onPageFinished,"+url);
}
});
服务端代码:
first.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=gbk" pageEncoding="gbk"%>
<%
response.sendRedirect("second.jsp");
%>
second.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=gbk" pageEncoding="gbk"%>
<%
String dir = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/");
response.sendRedirect("third.jsp");
%>
third,jsp:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=gbk" pageEncoding="gbk"%>
hello,this is third
如果访问:webView.loadUrl("http://10.73.59.166:8080/web/first.jsp");
客户端的输出:
10-15 14:17:15.558: E/test(26181): onPageStarted,http://10.73.59.166:8080/web/first.jsp
10-15 14:17:15.568: E/test(26181): onPageStarted,http://10.73.59.166:8080/web/second.jsp
10-15 14:17:15.568: E/test(26181): shouldOverrideUrlLoading,http://10.73.59.166:8080/web/second.jsp
10-15 14:17:15.578: E/test(26181): onPageStarted,http://10.73.59.166:8080/web/third.jsp
10-15 14:17:15.578: E/test(26181): shouldOverrideUrlLoading,http://10.73.59.166:8080/web/third.jsp
10-15 14:17:15.658: E/test(26181): onPageFinished,http://10.73.59.166:8080/web/third.jsp
也就是说:
(1)第一个url无法进入shouldOverrideUrlLoading。shouldOverrideUrlLoading的意思是说,在webview中打开链接的方式,前提是已经打开了webview。
(2)302响应的只进入onPageStarted,不进入onPageFinished。