socket programming

进行 socket programming开始要做的工作：

 

On Linux:

 

以下是client代码，使用TCP，注意网络字节序：

 

#include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> int main() { int sockfd; int len; struct sockaddr_in address; int result; struct img_packet img_pkt; int offset = 0; sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); address.sin_family = AF_INET; address.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.1.157"); address.sin_port = htons(8080); len = sizeof(address); result = connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, len); if(result < 0) return -1; else { // send or receive operations } return 0; }  

 

服务器端程序创建socket的方法是一样的，只是要最后要调用bind()、listen()和accept()，示例代码如下：

 

#include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> int main(int argc, char **argv) { int server_sockfd, client_sockfd; size_t server_len, client_len; struct sockaddr_in server_address; struct sockaddr_in client_address; int nPort = 8080; int keepAlive = 1; server_sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); server_address.sin_family = AF_INET; server_address.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.1.101"); printf("%s:%d/n", inet_ntoa(server_address.sin_addr), nPort); server_address.sin_port = htons(nPort); server_len = sizeof(server_address); bind(server_sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&server_address, server_len); listen(server_sockfd, 5); client_len = sizeof(client_address); while (1) { client_sockfd = accept(server_sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&client_address, &client_len); // do something close(client_sockfd); } close(server_sockfd); return 0; } 

 

使用UDP：

 

#include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> int sockfd; socklen_t len; struct sockaddr_in address; sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); address.sin_family = AF_INET; address.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; //inet_addr("192.168.1.105"); address.sin_port = htons(9000); len = sizeof(address); bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, len); // do something here  

 

若要发送数据给其他计算机，其中address.sin_addr.s_addr的值应为对方计算机的IP地址；若是接收数据，则该值在recvfrom()函数中会被赋为对方计算机的IP地址值。bind()函数只有在要监听某个端口的UDP数据时才使用。这时address.sin_addr.s_addr值可设为INADDR_ANY。

 

On Windows：

 

使用TCP连接：

 

 

 

#include <winsock2.h> WSADATA wsaData; int iResult; iResult = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData); if (iResult != 0) { cout<<"WSAStartup failed: "<<iResult<<endl; return -1; } struct sockaddr_in sa; sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP); sa.sin_family = AF_INET; sa.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.1.166"); sa.sin_port = htons(9000); int len = sizeof(sa); iResult = connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&sa, len); if (iResult == SOCKET_ERROR) { cout<<"not connected"<<endl; return -1; } // do something here  

 

使用UDP连接：

 

#include <winsock2.h> WSADATA wsaData; int iResult; iResult = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData); if (iResult != 0) { //cout<<"WSAStartup failed: "<<iResult<<endl; DbgLog((LOG_TRACE, 0, TEXT("WSAStartup failed: %d"), iResult)); return -1; } struct sockaddr_in sa, from; SOCKET sock; sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP); sa.sin_family = AF_INET; sa.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; sa.sin_port = htons(port); int len = sizeof(sa); bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&sa, len); // do something here