Android资源类型之Animation

Android的Resource Types说的是：保存在res/anim，res/drawable，res/color，res/layout，res/menu，res/values目录下的文件所涉及的类型。本文只讲Animation.

Animation Resources

Define pre-determined animations.
Tween animations are saved in  res/anim/ and accessed from the  R.anim class.
Frame animations are saved in  res/drawable/ and accessed from the  R.drawable class.

Color State List Resource

Define a color resources that changes based on the View state.
Saved in  res/color/ and accessed from the  R.color class.

Drawable Resources

Define various graphics with bitmaps or XML.
Saved in  res/drawable/ and accessed from the  R.drawable class.

Layout Resource

Define the layout for your application UI.
Saved in  res/layout/ and accessed from the  R.layout class.

Menu Resource

Define the contents of your application menus.
Saved in  res/menu/ and accessed from the  R.menu class.

String Resources

Define strings, string arrays, and plurals (and include string formatting and styling).
Saved in  res/values/ and accessed from the  R.string,  R.array, and  R.plurals classes.

Style Resource

Define the look and format for UI elements.
Saved in  res/values/ and accessed from the  R.style class.

More Resource Types

Define values such as booleans, integers, dimensions, colors, and other arrays.
Saved in  res/values/ but each accessed from unique  R sub-classes (such as  R.bool,  R.integer,  R.dimen, etc.).

Animation Resources

1、分类

Animation分两类：Property Animation和View Animation。

Property Animation：通过修改一个对象的属性值来实现动画，用到的是 Animator 类。

View Animation：其又定义了两种动画框架：Tween animation和Frame animation。

    Tween Animation：针对单一图片执行各类转换操作来实现动画，用到的是Animation类。

    Frame Animation：通过一组图片按一定顺序展示来实现动画，用到的是AnimationDrawable类。

2、Animator与Animation抽象类的继承关系：

Animator
        AnimatorSet
        ValueAnimator
                ObjectAnimator
                TimeAnimator

Animation
        ScaleAnimation
        TranslateAnimation
        AlphaAnimation
        RotateAnimation
        AnimationSet

3、XML属性规范

Property Animation:

文件位置：res/animator/filename.xml

资源类型： ValueAnimator, ObjectAnimator, or AnimatorSet

资源引用：In Java: R.animator.filename In XML: @[package:]animator/filename

语法：

<set
  android:ordering=["together" | "sequentially"]>

    <objectAnimator
        android:propertyName="string"
        android:duration="int"
        android:valueFrom="float | int | color"
        android:valueTo="float | int | color"
        android:startOffset="int"
        android:repeatCount="int"
        android:repeatMode=["repeat" | "reverse"]
        android:valueType=["intType" | "floatType"]/>

    <animator
        android:duration="int"
        android:valueFrom="float | int | color"
        android:valueTo="float | int | color"
        android:startOffset="int"
        android:repeatCount="int"
        android:repeatMode=["repeat" | "reverse"]
        android:valueType=["intType" | "floatType"]/>

    <set>
        ...
    </set>
</set>

注：根节点必须为 <set> ,  <objectAnimator> , or  <animator>

<set> 代表 AnimatorSet.

<objectAnimator> 代表 ObjectAnimator.

<animator> 代表 ValueAnimator.

另，AnimatorSet调用范例（ObjectAnimator与ValueAnimator调用类似）：

AnimatorSet set = (AnimatorSet) AnimatorInflater.loadAnimator(myContext,
    R.anim.property_animator);
set.setTarget(myObject);
set.start();

View Animation

Tween Animation:

文件位置：res/anim/filename.xml

资源类型： Animation的子类：ScaleAnimation、TranslateAnimation、AlphaAnimation、RotateAnimation or AnimationSet.

资源引用：In Java: R.anim.filename In XML: @[package:]anim/filename

语法：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:interpolator="@[package:]anim/interpolator_resource"
    android:shareInterpolator=["true" | "false"] >
    <alpha
        android:fromAlpha="float"
        android:toAlpha="float" />
    <scale
        android:fromXScale="float"
        android:toXScale="float"
        android:fromYScale="float"
        android:toYScale="float"
        android:pivotX="float"
        android:pivotY="float" />
    <translate
        android:fromXDelta="float"
        android:toXDelta="float"
        android:fromYDelta="float"
        android:toYDelta="float" />
    <rotate
        android:fromDegrees="float"
        android:toDegrees="float"
        android:pivotX="float"
        android:pivotY="float" />
    <set>
        ...
    </set>
</set>

注：根节点必须为 <alpha> ,  <scale> ,  <translate> ,  <rotate> , or <set>

<alpha> 代表 AlphaAnimation.

<scale> 代表 ScaleAnimation.

<translate> 代表 TranslateAnimation.

<rotate> 代表 RotateAnimation.

<set> 代表 AnimationSet.

另，AnimationSet调用范例（其他Animation调用一致）：

ImageView image = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image);
Animation hyperspaceJump = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this, R.anim.hyperspace_jump);
image.startAnimation(hyperspaceJump);

系统提供的加速器：

Interpolator class	Resource ID
AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator	@android:anim/accelerate_decelerate_interpolator
AccelerateInterpolator	@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator
AnticipateInterpolator	@android:anim/anticipate_interpolator
AnticipateOvershootInterpolator	@android:anim/anticipate_overshoot_interpolator
BounceInterpolator	@android:anim/bounce_interpolator
CycleInterpolator	@android:anim/cycle_interpolator
DecelerateInterpolator	@android:anim/decelerate_interpolator
LinearInterpolator	@android:anim/linear_interpolator
OvershootInterpolator	@android:anim/overshoot_interpolator

Frame Animation

文件位置：res/drawable/filename.xml

资源类型： AnimationDrawable

资源引用：In Java: R.drawable.filename In XML: @[package:]drawable.filename

语法：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<animation-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:oneshot=["true" | "false"] >
    <item
        android:drawable="@[package:]drawable/drawable_resource_name"
        android:duration="integer" />
</animation-list>

调用范例：

ImageView rocketImage = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.rocket_image);
rocketImage.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.rocket_thrust);

rocketAnimation = (AnimationDrawable) rocketImage.getBackground();
rocketAnimation.start();