一、jFreeChart产生图形的流程创建一个数据源(dataset)来包含将要在图形中显示的数据 >> 创建一个 JFreeChart 对象来代表要显示的图形 >> 把图形输出重要的类和接口:org.jfree.data.general.Dataset 所有数据源类都要实现的接口org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory 由它来产生 JFreeChart 对象org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart 所有对图形的调整都是通过它噢!!org.jfree.chart.plot.Plot 通过JFreeChart 对象获得它,然后再通过它对图形外部部分(例:坐标轴)调整注意:它有很多子类,一般都下嗍造型到它的子类!org.jfree.chart.renderer.AbstractRenderer 通过JFreeChart 对象获得它,然后再通过它对图形内部部分(例:折线的类型)调整。同样,针对不同类型的报表图,它有着不同的子类实现!在下面我们简称它为 Renderer下面我们结合不同类型的图形来具体分析这个流程。二、饼图饼图的dataset 一般是用PieDataset 接口,具体实现类是 DefaultPieDataset 1 、创建一个数据源(dataset): private static PieDataset createDataset()... ... {DefaultPieDataset defaultpiedataset = new DefaultPieDataset(); //注意是DefaultPieDataset!!defaultpiedataset.setValue(”One”, new Double(43.200000000000003D));defaultpiedataset.setValue(”Two”, new Double(10D));defaultpiedataset.setValue(”Three”, new Double(27.5D));defaultpiedataset.setValue(”Four”, new Double(17.5D));return defaultpiedataset;} 2 、由ChartFactory 产生 JFreeChart 对象 private static JFreeChart createChart(PieDataset piedataset)... ... {JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createPieChart(”Pie Chart Demo 1″, //图形标题名称piedataset, // datasettrue, // legend?true, // tooltips?false); //URLs?PiePlot pieplot = (PiePlot)jfreechart.getPlot(); //通过JFreeChart 对象获得 plot:PiePlot!!pieplot.setNoDataMessage(”No data available”); // 没有数据的时候显示的内容return jfreechart;} 一些重要的方法:pieplot.setExplodePercent( 0 , 0.3D ) // 把Lable 为”One” 的那一块”挖”出来30% 3 、输出略三、柱状图柱状图的dataset 一般是用CatagoryDataset接口(具体实现类是DefaultCategoryDataset),也会用 IntervalXYDataset接口 1 、创建一个数据源(dataset): private static CategoryDataset createDataset()... ... {String series1 = “First”;String series2 = “Second”;String series3 = “Third”;String category1 = “Category 1″;String category2 = “Category 2″;String category3 = “Category 3″;String category4 = “Category 4″;String category5 = “Category 5″;DefaultCategoryDataset defaultcategorydataset = new DefaultCategoryDataset();defaultcategorydataset.addValue(1.0D, series1, category1);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series1, category2);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series1, category3);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series1, category4);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series1, category5);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series2, category1);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(7D, series2, category2);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(6D, series2, category3);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(8D, series2, category4);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series2, category5);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series3, category1);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, category2);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(2D, series3, category3);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, category4);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(6D, series3, category5);return defaultcategorydataset;} 2 、由ChartFactory 产生 JFreeChart 对象 private static JFreeChart createChart(CategoryDataset categorydataset)... ... {JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createBarChart(”Bar Chart Demo”, //图形标题名称“Category”,//domain 轴 Lable这里先简单理解为横坐标Lable好了“Value”, //range 轴 Lable这里也先简单理解为纵坐标Lable好了categorydataset, // datasetPlotOrientation.VERTICAL, //垂直显示true, // legend?true, // tooltips?false); //URLs?jfreechart.setBackgroundPaint(Color.white); //设定背景色为白色CategoryPlot categoryplot = jfreechart.getCategoryPlot(); //获得 plot:CategoryPlot!!categoryplot.setBackgroundPaint(Color.lightGray); //设定图表数据显示部分背景色categoryplot.setDomainGridlinePaint(Color.white); //横坐标网格线白色categoryplot.setDomainGridlinesVisible(true); //可见categoryplot.setRangeGridlinePaint(Color.white); //纵坐标网格线白色//下面两行使纵坐标的最小单位格为整数NumberAxis numberaxis = (NumberAxis)categoryplot.getRangeAxis();numberaxis.setStandardTickUnits(NumberAxis.createIntegerTickUnits());BarRenderer barrenderer = (BarRenderer)categoryplot.getRenderer(); //获得renderer 注意这里是下嗍造型到BarRenderer!!barrenderer.setDrawBarOutline(false); // Bar的外轮廓线不画GradientPaint gradientpaint = new GradientPaint(0.0F, 0.0F, Color.blue,0.0F, 0.0F, new Color(0, 0, 64)); //设定特定颜色GradientPaint gradientpaint1 = new GradientPaint(0.0F, 0.0F, Color.green,0.0F, 0.0F, new Color(0, 64, 0));GradientPaint gradientpaint2 = new GradientPaint(0.0F, 0.0F, Color.red,0.0F, 0.0F, new Color(64, 0, 0));barrenderer.setSeriesPaint(0, gradientpaint); //给series1 Bar设定上面定义的颜色barrenderer.setSeriesPaint(1, gradientpaint1); //给series2 Bar 设定上面定义的颜色barrenderer.setSeriesPaint(2, gradientpaint2); //给series3 Bar 设定上面定义的颜色CategoryAxis categoryaxis = categoryplot.getDomainAxis(); //横轴上的 Lable 45度倾斜categoryaxis.setCategoryLabelPositions(CategoryLabelPositions.UP_45);return jfreechart;} 一些重要的方法:(增加一块标记)IntervalMarker intervalmarker = new IntervalMarker( 4.5D , 7.5D );intervalmarker.setLabel(”Target Range”);intervalmarker.setLabelFont( new Font(”SansSerif”, 2 , 11 ));intervalmarker.setLabelAnchor(RectangleAnchor.LEFT);intervalmarker.setLabelTextAnchor(TextAnchor.CENTER_LEFT);intervalmarker.setPaint( new Color( 222 , 222 , 255 , 128 ));categoryplot.addRangeMarker(intervalmarker, Layer.BACKGROUND);四、折线图折线图的dataset 两种CatagoryDataset接口(具体实现类是DefaultCategoryDataset),XYDataset 接口 1 、CatagoryDataset接口:A、创建一个数据源(dataset): private static CategoryDataset createDataset() ... {String series1 = “First”;String series2 = “Second”;String series3 = “Third”;String type1 = “Type 1″;String type2 = “Type 2″;String type3 = “Type 3″;String type4 = “Type 4″;String type5 = “Type 5″;String type6 = “Type 6″;String type7 = “Type 7″;String type8 = “Type 8″;DefaultCategoryDataset defaultcategorydataset = new DefaultCategoryDataset();defaultcategorydataset.addValue(1.0D, series1, type1);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series1, type2);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series1, type3);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series1, type4);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series1, type5);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(7D, series1, type6);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(7D, series1, type7);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(8D, series1, type8);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series2, type1);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(7D, series2, type2);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(6D, series2, type3);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(8D, series2, type4);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series2, type5);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series2, type6);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(2D, series2, type7);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(1.0D, series2, type8);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series3, type1);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, type2);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(2D, series3, type3);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, type4);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(6D, series3, type5);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, type6);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series3, type7);defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, type8);return defaultcategorydataset;} B、由ChartFactory 产生 JFreeChart 对象 (与上面重复的部分就不再注释) private static JFreeChart createChart(CategoryDataset categorydataset) ... {JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createLineChart(”Line Chart Demo 1″,“Type”,“Value”,categorydataset,PlotOrientation.VERTICAL,true,true,false);jfreechart.setBackgroundPaint(Color.white);CategoryPlot categoryplot = (CategoryPlot)jfreechart.getPlot();categoryplot.setBackgroundPaint(Color.lightGray);categoryplot.setRangeGridlinePaint(Color.white);NumberAxis numberaxis = (NumberAxis)categoryplot.getRangeAxis();numberaxis.setStandardTickUnits(NumberAxis.createIntegerTickUnits());numberaxis.setAutoRangeIncludesZero(true);//获得renderer 注意这里是下嗍造型到lineandshaperenderer!!LineAndShapeRenderer lineandshaperenderer = (LineAndShapeRenderer)categoryplot.getRenderer();lineandshaperenderer.setShapesVisible(true); //series 点(即数据点)可见lineandshaperenderer.setSeriesStroke(0, new BasicStroke(2.0F, 1, 1, 1.0F, new float[] ...{10F, 6F}, 0.0F)); //定义series为”First”的(即series1)点之间的连线,这里是虚线,默认是直线lineandshaperenderer.setSeriesStroke(1, new BasicStroke(2.0F, 1, 1, 1.0F, new float[] ...{6F, 6F}, 0.0F)); //定义series为”Second”的(即series2)点之间的连线lineandshaperenderer.setSeriesStroke(2, new BasicStroke(2.0F, 1, 1, 1.0F, new float[] ...{2.0F, 6F}, 0.0F)); //定义series为”Third”的(即series3)点之间的连线return jfreechart;} 一些重要的方法:lineandshaperenderer.setLineVisible( true ) // series 点(即数据点)间有连线可见 2 、XYDataset 接口:A、创建一个数据源(dataset): private static XYDataset createDataset() ... {XYSeries xyseries = new XYSeries(”First”); //先产生XYSeries 对象xyseries.add(1.0D, 1.0D);xyseries.add(2D, 4D);xyseries.add(3D, 3D);xyseries.add(4D, 5D);xyseries.add(5D, 5D);xyseries.add(6D, 7D);xyseries.add(7D, 7D);xyseries.add(8D, 8D);XYSeries xyseries1 = new XYSeries(”Second”);xyseries1.add(1.0D, 5D);xyseries1.add(2D, 7D);xyseries1.add(3D, 6D);xyseries1.add(4D, 8D);xyseries1.add(5D, 4D);xyseries1.add(6D, 4D);xyseries1.add(7D, 2D);xyseries1.add(8D, 1.0D);XYSeries xyseries2 = new XYSeries(”Third”);xyseries2.add(3D, 4D);xyseries2.add(4D, 3D);xyseries2.add(5D, 2D);xyseries2.add(6D, 3D);xyseries2.add(7D, 6D);xyseries2.add(8D, 3D);xyseries2.add(9D, 4D);xyseries2.add(10D, 3D);XYSeriesCollection xyseriescollection = new XYSeriesCollection(); //再用XYSeriesCollection添加入XYSeries 对象xyseriescollection.addSeries(xyseries);xyseriescollection.addSeries(xyseries1);xyseriescollection.addSeries(xyseries2);return xyseriescollection;} B、由ChartFactory 产生 JFreeChart 对象 private static JFreeChart createChart(XYDataset xydataset) ... {JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createXYLineChart(”Line Chart Demo 2″,“X”,“Y”,xydataset,PlotOrientation.VERTICAL,true,true,false);jfreechart.setBackgroundPaint(Color.white);XYPlot xyplot = (XYPlot)jfreechart.getPlot(); //获得 plot:XYPlot!!xyplot.setBackgroundPaint(Color.lightGray); //设定图表数据显示部分背景色xyplot.setAxisOffset(new RectangleInsets(5D, 5D, 5D, 5D)); //设定坐标轴与图表数据显示部分距离xyplot.setDomainGridlinePaint(Color.white); //网格线颜色xyplot.setRangeGridlinePaint(Color.white);//获得 renderer 注意这里是XYLineAndShapeRenderer !!XYLineAndShapeRenderer xylineandshaperenderer = (XYLineAndShapeRenderer)xyplot.getRenderer();xylineandshaperenderer.setShapesVisible(true); //数据点可见xylineandshaperenderer.setShapesFilled(true); //数据点被填充即不是空心点NumberAxis numberaxis = (NumberAxis)xyplot.getRangeAxis();numberaxis.setStandardTickUnits(NumberAxis.createIntegerTickUnits());return jfreechart;} 一些重要的方法:XYLineAndShapeRenderer xylineandshaperenderer = new XYLineAndShapeRenderer();xylineandshaperenderer.setSeriesLinesVisible( 0 , false ); // 第一个XYSeries数据点间连线不可见 xylineandshaperenderer.setSeriesShapesVisible( 1 , false ); // 第二个XYSeries数据点不可见 xyplot.setRenderer(xylineandshaperenderer);五、时间序列图时间序列图和折线图很相似,不同的是它在 domain轴的数据是时间而不是数字。 时间序列图的dataset 是XYDataset 接口,具体实现类是TimeSeriesCollection ,和上面类似,有TimeSeries 对象,它被添加入TimeSeriesCollection 。 1 、创建一个数据源(dataset): private static XYDataset createDataset() ... {TimeSeries timeseries = new TimeSeries(”L&G European Index Trust”,Month.class);timeseries.add(new Month(2, 2001), 181.8D);//这里用的是Month.class,同样还有Day.class Year.class 等等timeseries.add(new Month(3, 2001), 167.3D);timeseries.add(new Month(4, 2001), 153.8D);timeseries.add(new Month(5, 2001), 167.6D);timeseries.add(new Month(6, 2001), 158.8D);timeseries.add(new Month(7, 2001), 148.3D);timeseries.add(new Month(8, 2001), 153.9D);timeseries.add(new Month(9, 2001), 142.7D);timeseries.add(new Month(10, 2001), 123.2D);timeseries.add(new Month(11, 2001), 131.8D);timeseries.add(new Month(12, 2001), 139.6D);timeseries.add(new Month(1, 2002), 142.9D);timeseries.add(new Month(2, 2002), 138.7D);timeseries.add(new Month(3, 2002), 137.3D);timeseries.add(new Month(4, 2002), 143.9D);timeseries.add(new Month(5, 2002), 139.8D);timeseries.add(new Month(6, 2002), 137D);timeseries.add(new Month(7, 2002), 132.8D);TimeSeries timeseries1 = new TimeSeries(”L&G UK Index Trust”,Month.class);timeseries1.add(new Month(2, 2001), 129.6D);timeseries1.add(new Month(3, 2001), 123.2D);timeseries1.add(new Month(4, 2001), 117.2D);timeseries1.add(new Month(5, 2001), 124.1D);timeseries1.add(new Month(6, 2001), 122.6D);timeseries1.add(new Month(7, 2001), 119.2D);timeseries1.add(new Month(8, 2001), 116.5D);timeseries1.add(new Month(9, 2001), 112.7D);timeseries1.add(new Month(10, 2001), 101.5D);timeseries1.add(new Month(11, 2001), 106.1D);timeseries1.add(new Month(12, 2001), 110.3D);timeseries1.add(new Month(1, 2002), 111.7D);timeseries1.add(new Month(2, 2002), 111D);timeseries1.add(new Month(3, 2002), 109.6D);timeseries1.add(new Month(4, 2002), 113.2D);timeseries1.add(new Month(5, 2002), 111.6D);timeseries1.add(new Month(6, 2002), 108.8D);timeseries1.add(new Month(7, 2002), 101.6D);TimeSeriesCollection timeseriescollection = new TimeSeriesCollection();timeseriescollection.addSeries(timeseries);timeseriescollection.addSeries(timeseries1);timeseriescollection.setDomainIsPointsInTime(true); //domain轴上的刻度点代表的是时间点而不是时间段return timeseriescollection;} 2 、由ChartFactory 产生 JFreeChart 对象 private static JFreeChart createChart(XYDataset xydataset) ... {JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createTimeSeriesChart(”Legal & General Unit Trust Prices”,“Date”,“Price Per Unit”,xydataset,true,true,false);jfreechart.setBackgroundPaint(Color.white);XYPlot xyplot = (XYPlot)jfreechart.getPlot(); //获得 plot : XYPlot!!xyplot.setBackgroundPaint(Color.lightGray);xyplot.setDomainGridlinePaint(Color.white);xyplot.setRangeGridlinePaint(Color.white);xyplot.setAxisOffset(new RectangleInsets(5D, 5D, 5D, 5D));xyplot.setDomainCrosshairVisible(true);xyplot.setRangeCrosshairVisible(true);org.jfree.chart.renderer.xy.XYItemRenderer xyitemrenderer = xyplot.getRenderer();if(xyitemrenderer instanceof XYLineAndShapeRenderer)...{XYLineAndShapeRenderer xylineandshaperenderer = (XYLineAndShapeRenderer)xyitemrenderer;xylineandshaperenderer.setDefaultShapesVisible(true); //数据点可见xylineandshaperenderer.setDefaultShapesFilled(true); //数据点是实心点}DateAxis dateaxis = (DateAxis)xyplot.getDomainAxis(); //对domain 轴上日期显示格式定义dateaxis.setDateFormatOverride(new SimpleDateFormat(”MMM-yyyy”));return jfreechart;} 一些重要的方法:A、增加标记线:xyplot.addRangeMarker( new ValueMarker(550D)); // 数值轴 Quarter quarter = new Quarter( 2 , 2002 );xyplot.addDomainMarker( new ValueMarker(quarter.getMiddleMillisecond())); // 时间轴 B、数据点的调整XYLineAndShapeRenderer xylineandshaperenderer = (XYLineAndShapeRenderer)xyplot.getRenderer();xylineandshaperenderer.setDefaultShapesVisible( true ); // 数据点可见 xylineandshaperenderer.setSeriesFillPaint( 0 , Color.red); // 数据点填充为红色 xylineandshaperenderer.setSeriesFillPaint( 1 , Color.white); // 数据点填充为白色 xylineandshaperenderer.setUseFillPaint( true ); // 应用 C、平均值曲线这个曲线有什么用呢?很简单的例子,这里有一个以半年每天为单位的数据绘制的曲线,我们想看看以月为单位数据的变化,这时就可以用到它了。TimeSeries timeseries = createEURTimeSeries(); // 就是以半年每天为单位的数据 TimeSeries timeseries1 = MovingAverage.createMovingAverage(timeseries,“ 30 day moving average”, 30 , // 30天为一个周期 30 ); // 最开始的30天跳过 TimeSeriesCollection timeseriescollection = new TimeSeriesCollection();timeseriescollection.addSeries(timeseries);timeseriescollection.addSeries(timeseries1); return timeseriescollection;六、总结一下dataset plot renderer饼图 PieDataset(DefaultPieDataset) PiePlot ——柱状图 CatagoryDataset(DefaultCategoryDataset) CategoryPlot BarRenderer折线图 CatagoryDataset(DefaultCategoryDataset) CategoryPlot LineAndShapeRendererXYDataset(XYSeriesCollection) XYPlot XYLineAndShapeRenderer时间序列图 XYDataset (TimeSeriesCollection) XYPlot XYLineAndShapeRenderer这里只是一些常用的方法,具体还是看API七、Item Lable这里以柱状图为例说明,具体来说就是在每个柱状上显示它的数据,具体有下面内容:A、使 Item Lable 可见B、调整 Item Lable 的颜色、字体等C、调整 Item Lable 的位置D、定制 Item Lable 的内容 1 、分配一个 Lable Generator 给 rendererBarRenderer barrenderer = (BarRenderer)categoryplot.getRenderer();GategoryLableGenerator generator = new StandardGategoryLableGenerator(“ ... {2} ”, new DecimalFormat(” 0.00 ″) // 调整显示的数字和字符格式 );barrenderer.setLableGenerator(generator); 2 、使 Item Lable 可见barrenderer.setItemLableVisible( true ); 3 、调整 Item Lable 的颜色、字体等barrenderer.setItemLablePaint(Color.red);barrenderer.setItemLableFont( new Font(”SansSerif”,Font.PLAIN, 10 )); 4 、调整 Item Lable 的位置这里涉及到一个新的对象 ItemLablePosition , ItemLablePosition的构造函数有两个或四个参数 public ItemLabelPosition(ItemLabelAnchor itemLabelAnchor,org.jfree.ui.TextAnchor textAnchor,org.jfree.ui.TextAnchor rotationAnchor, double angle)itemLabelAnchor - Item Lable 的位置 (最重要的!!)textAnchor - Item Lable里包含的正文相对于Item Lable 的位置rotationAnchor - Item Lable里包含的正文旋转的位置angle - 旋转的角度ItemLabelPosition itemlabelposition = new ItemLabelPosition(ItemLabelAnchor.INSIDE12,TextAnchor.CENTER_RIGHT,TextAnchor.CENTER_RIGHT, - 1.57D );barrenderer.setPositiveItemLabelPosition(itemlabelposition);这样就可以每个柱状上显示它的数据了,当然可以定制 Item Lable 的内容,比如 Item Lable text 超过100的才显示,这样就需要定制自己的类,它要实现GategoryLableGenerator 接口,实现generateItemLable()方法