【Spring MVC】之 DispatcherServlet【一】

初始化一个零xml配置的springmvc项目(版本5.2.1.RELEASE)

Spring MVC 官方文档

1.添加pom文件

    <artifactId>good-mvc</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <properties>
        <tomcat.version>7.0.86</tomcat.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.7.0</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <source>1.8</source>
                        <target>1.8</target>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                    <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.2</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <path>/</path>
                        <port>8087</port>
                    </configuration>
                    <dependencies>
                        <dependency>
                            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
                            <artifactId>tomcat-embed-core</artifactId>
                            <version>${tomcat.version}</version>
                        </dependency>
                        <dependency>
                            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
                            <artifactId>tomcat-util</artifactId>
                            <version>${tomcat.version}</version>
                        </dependency>
                        <dependency>
                            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
                            <artifactId>tomcat-coyote</artifactId>
                            <version>${tomcat.version}</version>
                        </dependency>
                        <dependency>
                            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
                            <artifactId>tomcat-api</artifactId>
                            <version>${tomcat.version}</version>
                        </dependency>
                        <dependency>
                            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
                            <artifactId>tomcat-jdbc</artifactId>
                            <version>${tomcat.version}</version>
                        </dependency>
                        <dependency>
                            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
                            <artifactId>tomcat-dbcp</artifactId>
                            <version>${tomcat.version}</version>
                        </dependency>
                        <dependency>
                            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
                            <artifactId>tomcat-servlet-api</artifactId>
                            <version>${tomcat.version}</version>
                        </dependency>
                        <dependency>
                            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
                            <artifactId>tomcat-jsp-api</artifactId>
                            <version>${tomcat.version}</version>
                        </dependency>
                        <dependency>
                            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
                            <artifactId>tomcat-jasper</artifactId>
                            <version>${tomcat.version}</version>
                        </dependency>
                        <dependency>
                            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
                            <artifactId>tomcat-jasper-el</artifactId>
                            <version>${tomcat.version}</version>
                        </dependency>
                        <dependency>
                            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
                            <artifactId>tomcat-el-api</artifactId>
                            <version>${tomcat.version}</version>
                        </dependency>
                        <dependency>
                            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
                            <artifactId>tomcat-catalina</artifactId>
                            <version>${tomcat.version}</version>
                        </dependency>
                        <dependency>
                            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
                            <artifactId>tomcat-tribes</artifactId>
                            <version>${tomcat.version}</version>
                        </dependency>
                        <dependency>
                            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
                            <artifactId>tomcat-catalina-ha</artifactId>
                            <version>${tomcat.version}</version>
                        </dependency>
                        <dependency>
                            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
                            <artifactId>tomcat-annotations-api</artifactId>
                            <version>${tomcat.version}</version>
                        </dependency>
                        <dependency>
                            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
                            <artifactId>tomcat-juli</artifactId>
                            <version>${tomcat.version}</version>
                        </dependency>
                        <dependency>
                            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
                            <artifactId>tomcat-embed-logging-juli</artifactId>
                            <version>${tomcat.version}</version>
                        </dependency>
                        <dependency>
                            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
                            <artifactId>tomcat-embed-logging-log4j</artifactId>
                            <version>${tomcat.version}</version>
                        </dependency>
                    </dependencies>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.3</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
    </build>

这里面解释一下，关于tomcat7-maven-plugin属性里面添加那么多dependency的原因，如果不添加这些dependency，则在启动的时候会抛出org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.ClassFormatException: Invalid byte tag in constant pool: 19错误， 网上搜了一大圈，最终采用这个方案，原文链接地址找不到了。

2.添加AppConfig

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.good.mvc"})
public class AppConfig {
}

3.添加AppInitializer

/**
 * 等同于
 * <web-app>
 *
 *     <listener>
 *         <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
 *     </listener>
 *
 *     <context-param>
 *         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
 *         <param-value>/WEB-INF/root-context.xml</param-value>
 *     </context-param>
 *
 *     <servlet>
 *         <servlet-name>app1</servlet-name>
 *         <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
 *         <init-param>
 *             <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
 *             <param-value>/WEB-INF/app1-context.xml</param-value>
 *         </init-param>
 *         <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
 *     </servlet>
 *
 *     <servlet-mapping>
 *         <servlet-name>app1</servlet-name>
 *         <url-pattern>/app1/*</url-pattern>
 *     </servlet-mapping>
 *
 * </web-app>
 * @author sunhan
 */
public class AppInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {

    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
        return new Class[]{AppConfig.class};
    }

    @Override
    protected String[] getServletMappings() {
        return new String[]{"/"};
    }
}

4.添加MyWebApplicationInitializer，可选

/**
 * 代替web.xml中
 * <web-app>
 *
 *     <listener>
 *         <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
 *     </listener>
 *
 *     <context-param>
 *         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
 *         <param-value>/WEB-INF/app-context.xml</param-value>
 *     </context-param>
 *
 *     <servlet>
 *         <servlet-name>app</servlet-name>
 *         <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
 *         <init-param>
 *             <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
 *             <param-value></param-value>
 *         </init-param>
 *         <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
 *     </servlet>
 *
 *     <servlet-mapping>
 *         <servlet-name>app</servlet-name>
 *         <url-pattern>/app/*</url-pattern>
 *     </servlet-mapping>
 *
 * </web-app>
 *
 * @author sunhan
 */
public class MyWebApplicationInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer {

    @Override
    public void onStartup(ServletContext servletCxt) {

        // Load Spring web application configuration
        AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext ac = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
        ac.register(AppConfig.class);
        ac.refresh();

        // Create and register the DispatcherServlet
        DispatcherServlet servlet = new DispatcherServlet(ac);
        ServletRegistration.Dynamic registration = servletCxt.addServlet("app", servlet);
        registration.setLoadOnStartup(1);
        registration.addMapping("/app/*");
    }
}

最基本的功能，大功告成了，还有其他的功能，可自行看官方文档。在命令行里面输入mvn clean install tomcat7:run 通过mvn插件的形式进行启动