Android 用户偏好设置，SharedPreference

用户偏好设置是android应用中使用最频繁的本地数据存储方式。
比如自动登录，使用引导，记住账号，记住密码，应用设置等等。
SharedPreferences使用是十分简单的
1. 获取SharedPreferences

private String SHARED_PREFERENCES_NAME = "USER";
SharedPreferences sp_user = context.getSharedPreferences(SHARED_PREFERENCES_NAME, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);

SHARED_PREFERENCES_NAME 是 存储的名字，可以理解为本地存储文件名，其实质是*.xml文件，
是默认私有常量值，标示此文件是否共享，
如果SHARED_PREFERENCES_NAME 不存在，系统会自动创建

2. 写入数据

public boolean setLocalUser(User user){
    	if(user == null)
    		return true;
    	try{
    		SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sp_user.edit();
        	editor.putString(USER_NAME, user.getName());
        	editor.putString(USER_PHONE, user.getPhone());
        	editor.putString(ORGANISATION, user.getOrganisation());
        	editor.putString(EMAIL, user.getEmail());
        	editor.putString(ADDRESS, user.getAddress());
        	editor.putString(WEBSITE, user.getWebsite());
        	editor.putString(USER_IM, user.getIm());
        	editor.putString(NICKNAME, user.getNickname());
        	
        	editor.commit();
    	}catch(Exception exception){
    		return true;
    	}
    	
    	return false;
    }

SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sp_user.edit();
以上是案例，把一个联系人名片存到SharedPreferences 中。

3. 使用

public User getLocalUser(){
    
    User user = new User();
    
    user.setName(sp_user.getString(USER_NAME, ""));
    user.setPhone(sp_user.getString(USER_PHONE, ""));
//     user.setState(sp_user.getString(USER_STATE, ""));
    user.setOrganisation(sp_user.getString(ORGANISATION, ""));
    user.setEmail(sp_user.getString(EMAIL, ""));
    user.setAddress(sp_user.getString(ADDRESS, ""));
    user.setWebsite(sp_user.getString(WEBSITE, ""));
    user.setIm(sp_user.getString(USER_IM, ""));
    user.setNickname(sp_user.getString(NICKNAME, ""));
    
    if(user.getPhone().equals("")){
    user.setPhone(Utils.getSimPhone());
    }
    
    return user;
    }

其中 user.setName(sp_user.getString(USER_NAME, "")); 第一个参数是存储时的变量名，第二个参数是默认值，是在获取失败之后返回的值。


下面是本人项目中的一个SharedPreferenceManager.class，供大家参考，
其中有两个SharedPreferences 文件，管理本应用的用户偏好设置。
代码：

package com.gopain.TYT.util;

import com.gopain.TYT.beans.User;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;

public class PreferencesManager {

    public static final String SHARED_PREFERENCES_NAME = "SWIPE_LIST_VIEW_SAMPLE_PREFERENCES";
    
    public static final String USER_NAME = "USER_NAME";
    public static final String USER_PHONE = "USER_PHONE";
    public static final String USER_STATE = "USER_STATE";
    public static final String ORGANISATION = "ORGANISATION";
    public static final String EMAIL = "EMAIL";
    public static final String ADDRESS = "ADDRESS";
    public static final String WEBSITE = "WEBSITE";
    public static final String USER_IM = "USER_IM";
    public static final String NICKNAME = "NICKNAME";

    /**
     * Instance
     */
    private static PreferencesManager preferencesManager = null;
//    private static PreferencesManager preferences_user = null;
    /**
     * Shared Preferences
     */
    private SharedPreferences sharedPreferences;
    private SharedPreferences sp_user;
    /**
     * Preferences variables
     */
    private static final String SHARED_PREFERENCES_SHOW_ABOUT = "SHARED_PREFERENCES_SHOW_ABOUT";
    private static final String SHARED_PREFERENCES_LOCAL_USERINFO = "LOCAL_USERINFO";

    /**
     * Constructor
     *
     * @param context
     */
    private PreferencesManager(Context context) {
        sharedPreferences = context.getSharedPreferences(SHARED_PREFERENCES_NAME, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
        sp_user = context.getSharedPreferences(SHARED_PREFERENCES_LOCAL_USERINFO, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
    }

    public static PreferencesManager getInstance(Context context) {
        if (preferencesManager == null) {
            preferencesManager = new PreferencesManager(context);
        }
        return preferencesManager;
    }

//    public static PreferencesManager getEntity(Context context) {
//        if (preferences_user == null) {
//        	preferences_user = context.getSharedPreferences(SHARED_PREFERENCES_LOCAL_USERINFO, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
//        }
//        return preferences_user;
//    }
    
    public void setShowAbout(boolean showAbout) {
        SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sharedPreferences.edit();
        editor.putBoolean(SHARED_PREFERENCES_SHOW_ABOUT, showAbout);
        editor.commit();
    }

    public boolean getShowAbout() {
        return sharedPreferences.getBoolean(SHARED_PREFERENCES_SHOW_ABOUT, true);
    }

    
    public boolean setLocalUser(User user){
    	if(user == null)
    		return true;
    	try{
    		SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sp_user.edit();
        	editor.putString(USER_NAME, user.getName());
        	editor.putString(USER_PHONE, user.getPhone());
        	editor.putString(ORGANISATION, user.getOrganisation());
        	editor.putString(EMAIL, user.getEmail());
        	editor.putString(ADDRESS, user.getAddress());
        	editor.putString(WEBSITE, user.getWebsite());
        	editor.putString(USER_IM, user.getIm());
        	editor.putString(NICKNAME, user.getNickname());
        	
        	editor.commit();
    	}catch(Exception exception){
    		return true;
    	}
    	
    	return false;
    }
    
    public User getLocalUser(){
    	
    	User user = new User();
    	
    	user.setName(sp_user.getString(USER_NAME, ""));
    	user.setPhone(sp_user.getString(USER_PHONE, ""));
//    	user.setState(sp_user.getString(USER_STATE, ""));
    	user.setOrganisation(sp_user.getString(ORGANISATION, ""));
    	user.setEmail(sp_user.getString(EMAIL, ""));
    	user.setAddress(sp_user.getString(ADDRESS, ""));
    	user.setWebsite(sp_user.getString(WEBSITE, ""));
    	user.setIm(sp_user.getString(USER_IM, ""));
    	user.setNickname(sp_user.getString(NICKNAME, ""));
    	
    	if(user.getPhone().equals("")){
    		user.setPhone(Utils.getSimPhone());
    	}
    	
    	return user;
    }

}

我的目的是把一个用户的名片信息存到本地，